Ukusilela kweFactor VII

Umxholo

• Yeyiphi indima edlalwa yi-VII ekunqandeni igazi?
• 1. IVasoconstriction
• 2. Ukwenziwa kweplagi yeplatelet
• 3. Ukuyilwa kweplagi ye-fibrin
• 4. Ukuphilisa amanxeba kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kweplagi ye-fibrin
• Yintoni ebangela ukunqongophala kwento VII?
• Zithini iimpawu zokusilela kwento VII?
• Ichongwa njani into yokusilela kwe-factor VII?
• Iphathwa njani into yokusilela kwe-factor VII?
• Ukulawula ukopha
• Unyango lweemeko ezingaphantsi
• Unyango lokulumkisa ngaphambi kotyando
• Ithini imbono yexesha elide?

Ushwankathelo

Ukusilela kwefactor VII kukuphazamiseka kwegazi okudala ukopha kakhulu okanye ixesha elide emva kokonzakala okanye kotyando. Ngenxa yokusilela kwe-VII, umzimba wakho awuvelisi ngokwaneleyo i-VII, okanye into iphazamisana ne-VII yakho, ihlala iyenye imeko yonyango.

Inqaku VII yiprotein eveliswa esibindini edlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuncedeni igazi lakho ukuba lijiye. Yenye yezinto ezinokuba ngama-20 zokujiya kwegazi ezibandakanyekayo kwinkqubo entsonkothileyo yokunqanda igazi. Ukuqonda ukusilela kwe-VII, kuyanceda ukuqonda indima ye-VII edlala ekunqandeni igazi.

Yeyiphi indima edlalwa yi-VII ekunqandeni igazi?

Inkqubo yesiqhelo yokuvala igazi yenzeka ngokwamanqanaba amane:

1. IVasoconstriction

Xa kunqunyulwa umthambo wegazi, umthambo wegazi owonakeleyo kwangoko ujongana nokunciphisa ukopha. Emva koko, isitya segazi esenzakeleyo sikhupha iprotein ebizwa ngokuba yinyama egazini. Ukukhutshwa kwezicubu zomzimba kusebenza njengefowuni ye-SOS, isayina iiplatelets zegazi kunye nezinye izinto ezijiyayo zokuxela kwimeko yokwenzakala.

2. Ukwenziwa kweplagi yeplatelet

Iiplatelets egazini ziqala ukufika kwindawo yokwenzakala. Bancamathele kwizihlunu ezonakeleyo, kunye nakomnye nomnye, benza iplagi yethutyana, ethambileyo enxebeni. Le nkqubo yaziwa ngokuba yi-heestasis ephambili.

3. Ukuyilwa kweplagi ye-fibrin

Nje ukuba iplagi yethutyana ibekhona, izinto ezijija igazi zihamba ngendlela entsonkothileyo yokuphendula i-fibrin, iprotein eyomeleleyo, kunye nomtya. I-Fibrin izisongela ngaphakathi kwaye ijikeleze eli hlwili lithambileyo ide ibe sisihlunu esomeleleyo, esinganyibilikiyo se-fibrin. Eli qhekeza litsha litywina ingqayi yegazi eyaphukileyo, kwaye lenze ikhuselo lokukhusela izicwili ezitsha.

4. Ukuphilisa amanxeba kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kweplagi ye-fibrin

Emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa, iqokobhe le-fibrin liqala ukuncipha, litsale imiphetho yenxeba kunye ukunceda izicwili ezintsha zikhule ngaphezulu kwenxeba. Njengoko izicwili zisakhiwa, i-fibrin clot inyibilika kwaye iyangena.

Ukuba i-factor VII ayisebenzi kakuhle, okanye incinci kakhulu, i-fibrin clot eqinileyo ayinako ukwenza ngokufanelekileyo.

Yintoni ebangela ukunqongophala kwento VII?

Ukusilela kwefactor VII kunokubangelwa lilifa okanye kufunyanwe. Inguqulelo ezuzwe njengelifa inqabile. Ngaphantsi kwama-200 amatyala abhaliweyo axeliweyo. Bobabini abazali bakho kufuneka baphathe imfuza ukuze ubachaphazele.

Ukufumana into yokusilela kwe-VII, ngokuchaseneyo, kwenzeka emva kokuzalwa. Inokwenzeka ngenxa yamayeza okanye izifo eziphazamisa imeko yakho ye-VII. Iziyobisi ezinokuthintela okanye ukunciphisa umsebenzi we-VII zibandakanya:

• iyeza lokubulala iintsholongwane
• abacoci gazi, njengewarfarin
• ezinye iziyobisi zomhlaza, ezinje nge-interleukin-2 therapy
• Unyango lwe-antithymocyte globulin esetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-aplastic anemia

Izifo kunye neemeko zonyango ezinokuphazamisa into ye-VII zibandakanya:

• isifo sesibindi
• myeloma
• ispsis
• iaplastic anemia
• ukunqongophala kukavithamini K

Zithini iimpawu zokusilela kwento VII?

Iimpawu ziyahluka ukusuka kubumnene ukuya kubunzima, kuxhomekeke kumanqanaba akho okusetyenzwa kwento VII. Iimpawu ezinobumnene zinokubandakanya:

• ukugruzuka kunye nezicubu ezithambileyo zokopha
• ixesha elophayo ixesha elide kumanxeba okanye ukukhutshwa kwamazinyo
• ukopha kumalungu
• impumlo
• iintsini ezophayo
• amaxesha anzima okuya exesheni

Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, iimpawu zingabandakanya:

• Ukutshatyalaliswa kwe-cartilage kumalungu avela kwizigcawu zokopha
• ukopha emathunjini, isisu, izihlunu, okanye entloko
• ukopha kakhulu emva kokubeleka

Ichongwa njani into yokusilela kwe-factor VII?

Ukuchongwa kwesiseko kusekwe kwimbali yakho yezonyango, nakweyiphi na imbali yosapho yeengxaki zokopha, kunye novavanyo lwelebhu.

Uvavanyo lwelebhu lokusilela kwento VII kubandakanya:

• Uvavanyo lwezinto ezichonga ukungabikho okanye ukungasebenzi kakuhle
• Into VII kuvavanyo lokulinganisa ukuba ungakanani umlinganiso weVII, kwaye usebenza kakuhle kangakanani
• ixesha leprothrombin (PT) ukulinganisa ukusebenza kwezinto I, II, V, VII, kunye no-X
• ixesha leprothrombin (PTT) yokulinganisa ukusebenza kwezinto VIII, IX, XI, XII, kunye ne-von Willebrand factor
• Uvavanyo lwe-inhibitor ukumisela ukuba amajoni akho omzimba ahlasela izinto zakho zokujiya

Iphathwa njani into yokusilela kwe-factor VII?

Unyango lwento yokusilela kwe-VII kugxile koku:

• ukulawula ukopha
• ukusombulula iimeko ezisisiseko
• unyango ngononophelo ngaphambi kotyando okanye iinkqubo zamazinyo

Ukulawula ukopha

Ngexesha leepisodes zokuphuma kwegazi, unokunikwa i-infusions yezinto ezijiyayo zegazi ukukhulisa amandla akho okujiya. Iiarhente zokuvala indawo ezisetyenziswa rhoqo zibandakanya:

• prothrombin yomntu
• cryopreipipitate
• iplasma entsha efriziwe
• into ephindaphindayo yabantu VIIa (NovoSeven)

Unyango lweemeko ezingaphantsi

Nje ukuba ukopha kulawulwe, iimeko ezichaphazela imveliso ye-VII okanye ukusebenza, njengamayeza okanye izifo, kufuneka kujongwane nayo.

Unyango lokulumkisa ngaphambi kotyando

Ukuba ucwangcisa utyando, ugqirha wakho unokumisela amachiza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokopha kakhulu. I-Desmopressin nasal spray isoloko imiselwe ukukhupha zonke iivenkile ezikhoyo ze-VII ngaphambi kotyando oluncinci. Ukwenza utyando olunzulu, ugqirha wakho unokumisela ukumiliselwa kwento ekunqandayo.

Ithini imbono yexesha elide?

Ukuba unefom efumanekayo yokunqongophala kwento VII, kusenokwenzeka ukuba kubangelwa lunyango okanye imeko engaphantsi. Imbono yakho yexesha elide ixhomekeke ekusombululeni iingxaki ezisisiseko. Ukuba unesimo esibi kakhulu sokufumana i-VII, kuya kufuneka usebenze ngokusondeleyo kunye nogqirha wakho kunye neziko lakho le-hemophilia ekulawuleni umngcipheko wokuphuma kwegazi.