Ukutya okuThintelweyo ngeFibrillation ye-Atrial

Umxholo

• Ukutya okumele kukuphephe
• Utywala
• Icaffeine
• Amafutha
• Ityuwa
• Iswekile
• Vitamin K
• Abanyolukile
• I-grapefruit
• Ukutya ngokufanelekileyo kwi-AFib
• Magnesium
• Potassium
• Yitya i-AFib
• Umgca wezantsi

I-Atrial fibrillation (AFib) yenzeka xa ukupompa kwesingqi esiqhelekileyo kwamagumbi aphezulu entliziyo, abizwa ngokuba yi-atria, kuyehla.

Esikhundleni senqanaba eliqhelekileyo lentliziyo, i-atria pulse, okanye i-fibrillate, ngokukhawuleza okanye ngokungaqhelekanga.

Ngenxa yoko, intliziyo yakho ayisebenzi kakuhle kwaye kufuneka isebenze nzima.

I-AFib inokunyusa umngcipheko womntu wokubetha kunye nokuhluleka kwentliziyo, zombini enokubulala xa inganyangwa ngokukhawuleza nangempumelelo.

Ukongeza kunyango olunje ngokulamla, utyando, kunye nezinye iinkqubo, kukho utshintsho oluthile kwindlela yokuphila, njengokutya kwakho, olunokukunceda ukulawula i-AFib.

Eli nqaku liphonononga ubungqina obukhoyo ngoku malunga nokutya kwakho kunye ne-AFib, kubandakanya neziphi izikhokelo ekufuneka zilandelwe kunye nokutya ekufuneka kuthintelwe.

Ukutya okumele kukuphephe

Olunye uhlobo lokutya lunokuchaphazela kakubi impilo yentliziyo yakho kwaye lubonakalisile ukonyusa umngcipheko weengxaki zentliziyo, njenge-AFib, kunye nesifo sentliziyo.

Ukutya okuphezulu kukutya okucutshungulwayo, njengokutya okukhawulezileyo, kunye nezinto eziphezulu kwiswekile eyongeziweyo, njengesoda kunye nezinto ezibhakiweyo ezineswekile, zinxulunyaniswa nomngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo (,).

Banokukhokelela kwezinye iziphumo ezibi zempilo njengokufumana ubunzima, isifo seswekile, ukwehla kwengqondo, kunye nomhlaza othile ().

Funda ukuze ufunde ukuba kukuphi ukutya neziselo onokuthi uziphephe.

Utywala

Ukusela kakhulu utywala kunokunyusa umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa i-AFib.

Inokubangela neziqendu ze-AFib kubantu esele benayo i-AFib, ngakumbi ukuba unesifo sentliziyo okanye seswekile ().

Ukusetyenziswa kotywala kunokuba negalelo kuxinzelelo lwegazi, ukutyeba kakhulu, kunye nokuphefumla okungalunganga kokulala (i-SDB) -izinto zonke ezinobungozi ze-AFib (5).

Ngelixa ukuzinkcinkca ngotywala kuyingozi ngakumbi, uphononongo lubonisa ukuba nokusela utywala ngokulingeneyo kunokuba ngumngcipheko we-AFib (6).

Ubungqina bamva nje bubonisa ukuba abantu ababambelela kwimida ekucetyiswa- iziselo ezibini ngosuku ngamadoda kunye nesiselo esinye sabasetyhini- abakho mngciphekweni omkhulu we-AFib (7).

Ukuba unayo i-AFib, kungcono ukuba unciphise ukusetyenziswa kotywala. Kodwa ukuhamba ebandayo kungabheja kwakho ngokukhuselekileyo.

Isifundo se-2020 sifumanise ukuba ukuyeka utywala kunciphise ukubuyela kwakhona kwabahleli rhoqo kwi-AFib (8).

Icaffeine

Kule minyaka, iingcali ziye zaxubusha indlela i-caffeine echaphazela ngayo abantu abane-AFib.

Ezinye iimveliso eziqulathe icaffeine zibandakanya:

• kofu
• iti
• guarana
• isoda
• iziselo zamandla

Iminyaka, bekumgangatho oqhelekileyo ukucebisa ukuba abantu abane-AFib bayiphephe icaffeine.

Kodwa izifundo ezininzi zeklinikhi ziye zasilela ukubonisa naluphi na unxibelelwano phakathi kokungenisa icaffeine kunye neziqendu ze-AFib (,). Ngapha koko, ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kwecaffeine kunokunciphisa umngcipheko we-AFib ().

Nangona ukusela ikofu kunokonyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nokumelana ne-insulin ekuqaleni, izifundo zexesha elide zifumanise ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwekofu rhoqo akunxulunyaniswa nomngcipheko ophezulu wentliziyo ().

Uphononongo lwe-2019 lufumanise ukuba amadoda axele ukusela i-1 ukuya kwi-3 iikomityi zekofu ngemini ayesemngciphekweni ophantsi we-AFib (13).

Ukusetyenziswa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-300 milligrams (mg) yecaffeine- okanye iikomityi ezintathu zekofu- ngemini kukhuselekile ngokubanzi (14).

Nangona kunjalo, ukusela iziselo zamandla lelinye ibali.

Kungenxa yokuba iziselo zamandla ziqulathe icaffeine kwizinga eliphezulu kunekofu neti. Baphinde balayishwe iswekile kunye nezinye iikhemikhali ezinokukhuthaza inkqubo yentliziyo ().

Izifundo ezininzi zokujonga kunye neengxelo zidibanise ukusetyenziswa kwesiselo esinamandla kunye neziganeko ezinzulu zentliziyo, kubandakanya i-arrhythmias kunye nokufa kwentliziyo ngesiquphe (16, 17, 18, 19).

Ukuba unayo i-AFib, unokufuna ukunqanda iziselo zamandla, kodwa ikomityi yekofu ilungile.

Amafutha

Ukuba nokukhuluphala kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi kunokunyusa umngcipheko we-AFib, ke kubalulekile ukuba utye ukutya okunesondlo.

Iingcali zeCardiologists zingancoma ukuba unciphise iintlobo ezithile zeoli xa unayo i-AFib.

Olunye uphando lubonakalisile ukuba ukutya okuphezulu kunamafutha athambileyo kunye nokuhanjiswa kunokunxulunyaniswa nomngcipheko okhulayo we-AFib kunye nezinye iimeko zentliziyo (,).

Ukutya okufana nebhotolo, itshizi kunye nenyama ebomvu zinamafutha amaninzi.

Amafutha eTrans afumaneka kwi:

• imajarini
• ukutya okwenziwe ngenxalenye yeoyile yemifuno ye-hydrogenated
• abaqhiki kunye neicookies ezithile
• iitshiphs zamazambane
• idonathi
• okunye ukutya okuthosiweyo

Uphononongo lwango-2015 lufumanise ukuba ukutya okunezinto ezinamanqatha amaninzi kunye namafutha asezantsi e-monounsaturated fatty acids ayanyaniswa nomngcipheko omkhulu wokuzingisa okanye okungapheliyo kwe-AFib ().

Amafutha e-Monounsaturated afumaneka kukutya kwezityalo, kubandakanya:

• amandongomane
• iavokhado
• i-oyile ye-olivu

Kodwa ukutshintshisa amafutha agcweleyo yenye into ayinakuba sesona silungiso.

Uphononongo lwango-2017 lufumene umngcipheko owandisiweyo we-AFib emadodeni athabathe indawo yamafutha agcweleyo ngamafutha e-polyunsaturated.

Nangona kunjalo, ezinye zidibanise ukutya okuphezulu kwi-omega-3 i-polyunsaturated fat enomngcipheko ophantsi we-AFib.

Kusenokwenzeka ukuba imithombo esempilweni engaphantsi yamafutha e-polyunsaturated, njengeoyile yengqolowa kunye neoyile yeembotyi zesoya, ineziphumo ezahlukileyo kumngcipheko we-AFib kunemithombo esempilweni yamafutha e-polyunsaturated afana nesalmon kunye nesardadi.

Uphando olukumgangatho ophezulu luyafuneka ukumisela ukuba amafutha e-polyunsaturated awuchaphazela njani umngcipheko we-AFib.

Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba, ukuba awukabinaso esona sidlo sisempilweni ngaphambili, lisekho ixesha lokuguqula izinto.

Abaphandi base-Australia bafumanise ukuba abantu abatyebe kakhulu abanamava okuphulukana nobunzima nge-10% banokunciphisa okanye baguqule ukuqhubela phambili kwendalo kwe-AFib (23).

Iindlela ezigqwesileyo zokujongana nobunzima obugqithisileyo kunye nokuphucula impilo yentliziyo iphela, kubandakanya:

• ukunciphisa ukutya okwekhalori ephezulu
• ukwandisa ukutya kwefiber ngendlela yemifuno, iziqhamo kunye neembotyi,
• ukusika iswekile eyongeziweyo

Ityuwa

Izifundo zibonisa ukuba ukutya kwe-sodium kunganyusa amathuba akho okuphuhlisa i-AFib (24).

Kungenxa yokuba ityuwa inokunyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi ().

Uxinzelelo lwegazi, okanye uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwegazi, unokuphinda kabini amathuba akho okuphuhlisa i-AFib ().

Ukunciphisa i-sodium ekudleni kwakho kunokukunceda:

• gcina impilo yentliziyo
• ukunciphisa igazi lakho
• ukunciphisa umngcipheko we-AFib

Ukutya okuninzi okusetyenzisiweyo kunye nokubandayo kusetyenziswa ityuwa eninzi njengesixhobo sokugcina kunye nencasa. Qiniseka ukuba ufunda iilebheli kwaye uzame ukunamathela kukutya okutsha kunye nokutya okunesodiyam ephantsi okanye kungabikho tyuwa.

Imifuno emitsha kunye neziqholo zinokugcina ukutya kunambitheka ngaphandle kwayo yonke isodium.

Ukucebisa ukusebenzisa ngaphantsi kwe-2,300 mg yesodium ngosuku njengenxalenye yokutya okunempilo ().

Iswekile

Uphando lubonisa ukuba abantu abanesifo seswekile banama-40% amathuba okuphuhlisa i-AFib xa kuthelekiswa nabantu abangenaso isifo seswekile.

Iingcali azicacanga ukuba yintoni ebangela unxibelelwano phakathi kweswekile kunye ne-AFib.

Kodwa amanqanaba aphezulu eswekile yegazi, aluphawu lwesifo seswekile, inokuba yinto ebangela oko.

Uphononongo lwango-2019 e-China lufumanise ukuba abahlali abangaphezulu kwama-35 abanamanqanaba aphezulu eglucose egazi (EBG) kunokwenzeka ukuba babe namava e-AFib xa kuthelekiswa nabahlali abangenayo i-EBG.

Ukutya okuphezulu kwiswekile kunokunyusa amanqanaba eglucose egazini.

Ukutya ukutya okuneswekile rhoqo kunokubangela ukuba ukunganyangeki kwe-insulin kuphuhle, okunyusa kakhulu amathuba akho okuba nesifo seswekile ().

Uphando oluthe kratya luyafuneka ukumisela ukuba amanqanaba eglucose yegazi angayichaphazela njani i-AFib.

Zama ukunciphisa:

• isoda
• izinto ezibhaka iswekile
• ezinye iimveliso eziqulathe iswekile eninzi eyongeziweyo

Vitamin K

UVitamin K liqela leevithamini ezinyibilikayo ezinamafutha ezidlala indima ebalulekileyo:

• ukujiya kwegazi
• impilo yethambo
• impilo yentliziyo

UVitamin K ukhona kwiimveliso ezibandakanya:

• imifuno eluhlaza enamagqabi, njengespinatshi kunye ne-kale
• icauliflower
• iparsley
• iti eluhlaza
• isibindi sethole

Kuba abantu abaninzi abane-AFib basemngciphekweni wokubethwa, babelwe abacoci begazi ukunceda ukuthintela amahlwili egazi.

Igazi eliqhelekileyo le-warfarin (Coumadin) lisebenza ngokuthintela ivithamin K ekuvuseleleni, ukumisa ukujiya kwegazi.

Kwixesha elidlulileyo, abantu abane-AFib baye baxwayiswa ukuba banciphise amanqanaba e-vitamin K kuba kunokunciphisa ukusebenza kwegazi.

Kodwa ubungqina obukhoyo ngoku abuxhasi ukutshintsha ivithamin K yokusebenzisa ().

Endaweni yoko, kunokuba luncedo ngakumbi ukugcina amanqanaba e-vitamin K ezinzile, ukuthintela utshintsho olukhulu kwindlela otya ngayo ().

Kukulungele ukuthetha nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokunyusa okanye ukunciphisa ukutya kwakho i-vitamin K.

Ukuba uthatha i-warfarin, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokwenzeka kokutshintshela kwi-anticoagulant yomlomo engeyiyo ivithamin K (NOAC) ukwenzela ukuba olu dibano alunangxaki.

Imizekelo ye-NOACs ibandakanya:

• IDabigatran (iPradaxa)
• Rivaroxabanxabisa (Xarelto)
• apixaban (uEliquis)

Abanyolukile

I-Gluten lolunye uhlobo lweprotein kwingqolowa, irye kunye nerhasi. Itholakala kwiimveliso ezibandakanya:

• isonka
• ipasta
• iziqulatho
• ukutya okuninzi okupakishwe

Ukuba awunyamezeli i-gluten okanye unesifo seCeliac okanye isifo sengqolowa, ukusetyenziswa kwe-gluten okanye ingqolowa kunokubangela ukudumba emzimbeni wakho.

Ukudumba kunokuchaphazela i-vagus nerve yakho. Le luvo inokuba nefuthe elikhulu entliziyweni yakho kwaye ikwenze ube semngciphekweni weempawu ze-AFib ().

Kwizifundo ezibini ezahlukileyo, abaphandi bafumanise ukuba abantu abanesifo se-celiac esinganyangekiyo banolibaziseko lwe-atrial electromechanical (EMD) (32).

I-EMD ibhekisa kulibaziseko phakathi kokuqala kokubonakalayo kombane entliziyweni kunye nokuqaliswa kwesivumelwano.

I-EMD sisibikezelo esibalulekileyo se-AFib (,).

Ukuba imiba enxulumene nokugaya ukutya okanye ukudumba yenza ukuba i-AFib yakho isebenze, ukunciphisa i-gluten kwisondlo sakho kunokukunceda ufumane i-AFib ilawulwa.

Thetha nogqirha wakho ukuba uyakholelwa ukuba unobuntununtunu okanye ukungavisisani nengqolowa.

I-grapefruit

Ukutya i-grapefruit akunakuba ngumbono olungileyo ukuba unayo i-AFib kwaye uthatha amayeza ukuyinyanga.

Ijusi yamagilebhisi inekhemikhali enamandla ebizwa ngokuba yi-naringenin (33).

Izifundo ezindala zibonise ukuba le khemikhali inokuphazamisa ukusebenza kweziyobisi ezichasayo ezinje nge-amiodarone (Cordarone) kunye ne-dofetilide (Tikosyn) (35,).

Ijusi yamagilebhisi inokuchaphazela nendlela amanye amayeza angeniswa ngayo egazini elivela emathunjini.

Olunye uphando lwangoku luyafuneka ukumisela indlela iidrapefruit inokuchaphazela ngayo amayeza e-antiarrhythmic.

Thetha nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba utye iidiliya xa usemayeza.

Ukutya ngokufanelekileyo kwi-AFib

Ukutya okuthile kuluncedo ngakumbi kwimpilo yenkqubo ye-cardiovascular system kwaye kunokunceda ukuphucula ukusebenza kwentliziyo ().

Ziquka:

• Amafutha asempilweni anje nge-omega-3 yeentlanzi ezityebileyo, ii-avocado, kunye neoyile ye-olive
• iziqhamo kunye nemifuno ebonelela ngemithombo egxile kwiivithamini, iiminerali, kunye nee-antioxidants
• ukutya okunefayibha ephezulu njenge-oats, iflakisi, amandongomane, iimbewu, iziqhamo kunye nemifuno

Izifundo ezininzi zibonise ukuba ukutya kweMeditera (ukutya okuphezulu kwintlanzi, ioyile yomnquma, iziqhamo, imifuno, ukutya okuziinkozo kunye namandongomane) kunokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko we-AFib (38).

Uphononongo lwe-2018 lufumanise ukuba ukongeza ukutya kweMeditera ngeoyile ye-oliva enyulu-ntombi okanye amandongomane kwehlisa umngcipheko kubathathi-nxaxheba kwiziganeko ezikhulu zentliziyo xa kuthelekiswa nokutya okunamafutha ancitshisiweyo.

Ubungqina bucebisa ukuba ukutya okusekwe kwizityalo kunokuba sisixhobo esibalulekileyo xa kuziwa ekulawuleni nasekunciphiseni umngcipheko oqhelekileyo onxulunyaniswa ne-AFib ().

Ukutya okusekwe kwizityalo kunokunciphisa imingcipheko emininzi yesiko enxulumene ne-AFib, njengokufumana uxinzelelo lwegazi, hyperthyroidism, ukutyeba kakhulu kunye neswekile ().

Ukongeza kokutya ukutya okuthile, izakha mzimba ezithile kunye neeminerali kunokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko we-AFib.

Ziquka:

Magnesium

Olunye uphando lubonisa ukuba amanqanaba asezantsi e-magnesium emzimbeni wakho anokuba nefuthe elibi kwisingqi sentliziyo yakho.

Kulula ukufumana i-magnesium eyongezelelweyo kukutya kwakho ngokutya okunye koku kutya kulandelayo:

• amantongomane, ngakumbi iiamangile okanye iicashews
• amandongomane kunye nebhotolo yamandongomane
• ispinatshi
• iavokhado
• amazimba
• iyogathi

Potassium

Kwiphepha le-flip ye-sodium engaphezulu komngcipheko we-potassium ephantsi. I-Potassium ibalulekile kwimpilo yentliziyo kuba ivumela izihlunu ukuba zisebenze ngokufanelekileyo.

Abantu abaninzi banokuba namanqanaba asezantsi e-potassium ngenxa yokutya okungalinganiyo okanye ekuthatheni amayeza athile anjenge-diuretics.

Amanqanaba e-potassium asezantsi anokunyusa umngcipheko we-arrhythmia ().

Eminye imithombo efanelekileyo ye potassium ibandakanya:

• iziqhamo, ezinjengeavokhado, iibhanana, iiapilkosi, neeorenji
• ingcambu yemifuno, enje ngeebhatata kunye neebhitet
• amanzi ecoconut
• iitumato
• iziqhamo
• I-squash

Ngenxa yokuba i-potassium inokusebenzisana namayeza athile, thetha nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba ungeze i-potassium eninzi ekutyeni kwakho.

Ukutya okuthile kunye nokukhetha okunesondlo kuluncedo ngakumbi ekuncedeni ukulawula i-AFib kunye nokuthintela iimpawu kunye neengxaki. Landela ezi zikhokelo xa uthatha isigqibo sokuba uzokutya ntoni:

Yitya i-AFib

• Kwisidlo sakusasa, khetha ukutya okupheleleyo, okune-fiber eninzi njengeziqhamo, iinkozo ezipheleleyo, amandongomane, iimbewu kunye nemifuno. Umzekelo wesidlo sakusasa osempilweni uya kuba yi-oatmeal engenaswekile kunye namajikijolo, iiamangile, imbewu ye-chia, kunye nodoli weoyile yamaGrikhi esezantsi.
• Nciphisa ityuwa yakho kunye nokutya kwe-sodium. Nenjongo yokunciphisa i-sodium yakho engaphantsi kwama-2,300 mg ngosuku.
• Gwema ukutya inyama eninzi okanye ubisi olunamafutha apheleleyo, aqukethe amafutha amaninzi ezilwanyana.
• Cwangcisa imveliso yeepesenti ezingama-50 kwisidlo ngasinye ukunceda ukondla umzimba kunye nokubonelela ngefayibha kunye nokuhlutha.
• Gcina izahlulo zakho zincinci kwaye uphephe ukutya ngaphandle kwezikhongozeli. Yenza ezinye iinxalenye zokutya okuthandayo endaweni yoko.
• Yeka ukutya okuthosiweyo okanye okugqunywe ngebhotolo okanye iswekile.
• Nciphisa icaffeine kunye notywala.
• Khumbula ukutya kwakho iiminerali ezifanelekileyo, ezinje ngemagniziyam kunye nepotassium.

Umgca wezantsi

Ukuphepha okanye ukunciphisa ukutya okuthile kunye nokhathalelo lwempilo yakho kunokukunceda uphile ubomi obusebenzayo kunye ne-AFib.

Ukunciphisa umngcipheko weziqendu ze-AFib, cinga ngokwamkela ukutya kweMeditera okanye ukutya okusekwe kwizityalo.

Unokufuna kwakhona ukunciphisa ukutya kwakho okunamafutha, ityuwa, kunye neswekile eyongeziweyo.

Ukutya okusempilweni kunokunceda kwiimeko zempilo ezingaphantsi, ezinje ngoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, icholesterol ephezulu kunye nokutyeba kakhulu.

Ngokujongana nale meko yezempilo, ungawanciphisa amathuba akho okuphuhlisa i-AFib.

Qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho malunga namayeza kunye nokuhlangana kokutya.