Echinococcosis

I-Echinococcosis yintsholongwane ebangelwa yiyo I-Echinococcus granulosus okanye I-Echinococcus multilocularis intshulube ye tapeworm. Usulelo lubizwa ngokuba sisifo se-hydatid.

Abantu bayosuleleka xa beginya amaqanda entshulube yehagu kukutya okungcolileyo. Amaqanda emva koko enza ii-cysts ngaphakathi komzimba. Icyst yipokotho evaliweyo okanye isingxobo. Ii-cysts zihlala zikhula, ezikhokelela kwiimpawu.

E granulosus sisifo esibangelwa ziintshulube ezifumaneka ezinjeni nakwimfuyo enjengeegusha, iihagu, iibhokhwe neenkomo. Ezi tapeworm zijikeleze i-2 ukuya kwi-7 mm ubude. Usulelo lubizwa ngokuba yi-cystic echinococcosis (CE). Kukhokelela ekukhuleni kwee-cysts ikakhulu kwimiphunga nakwisibindi. Iicyst zinokufumaneka entliziyweni, emathanjeni nasengqondweni.

Imultilocularis sisifo esibangelwa ziintshulube ezifumaneka ezinjeni, iikati, iimpuku kunye neempungutye. Ezi tapeworms zijikeleze i-1 ukuya kwi-4 mm ubude. Usulelo lubizwa ngokuba yi-alveolar echinococcosis (AE). Yimeko esongela ubomi kuba ukukhula okunjenge-tumor kufana nesibindi. Amanye amalungu, anje ngemiphunga kunye nengqondo anokuchaphazeleka.

Abantwana okanye abantu abadala abancinci banomdla wokufumana usulelo.

I-Echinococcosis iqhelekile:

• Afrika
• Umbindi weAsia
• EMazantsi Emzantsi Melika
• IMeditera
• KuMbindi Mpuma

Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, usulelo lubonwa eMelika. Kuxelwe eCarlifonia, eArizona, eNew Mexico nase-Utah.

Imiba yomngcipheko ibandakanya ukuvezwa:

• Iinkomo
• Ixhama
• Ilindle lezinja, iimpungutye, iingcuka, okanye iingcuka
• Iihagu
• Iigusha
• Iinkamela

IiCysts azinakuvelisa zimpawu zeminyaka eli-10 okanye nangaphezulu.

Njengoko isifo siqhubela phambili kunye ne-cysts zikhula, iimpawu zingabandakanya:

• Ubuhlungu kwinxalenye ephezulu yesisu (isibindi sesibindi)
• Ukwandisa ubungakanani besisu ngenxa yokudumba (isibindi sesibindi)
• Isikhohlela esinegazi (cyst lung)
• Intlungu yesifuba (i-cyst lung)
• Isikhohlela (umqala wemiphunga)
• Impendulo enamandla kakhulu (anaphylaxis) xa i-cysts ivuleka

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba kwaye abuze malunga neempawu.

Ukuba umboneleli ukrokrela i-CE okanye i-AE, iimvavanyo ezinokuthi zenziwe ukufumana ii-cysts zibandakanya:

• I-X-ray, i-echocardiogram, i-CT scan, i-PET scan, okanye i-ultrasound ukujonga ii-cysts
• Uvavanyo lwegazi, olunje nge-enzyme-enxulumene ne-immunoassay (ELISA), uvavanyo lwesibindi
• I-biopsy yokufuna inaliti elungileyo

Rhoqo, ii-cysts ze-echinococcosis zifunyenwe xa uvavanyo lokucinga lusenziwa kwesinye isizathu.

Abantu abaninzi banokunyangwa ngamayeza okulwa neentshulube.

Inkqubo ebandakanya ukufaka inaliti kulusu kwi-cyst inokulinga. Umxholo we-cyst uyasuswa (unqwenela) ngenaliti. Emva koko iyeza lithunyelwa ngenaliti ukubulala intshulube ye tapeworm. Olu nyango alwenzelwanga ii-cysts emiphungeni.

Utyando lunyango olukhethiweyo kwii-cysts ezinkulu, ezosulelekileyo, okanye ezibekwe kumalungu anjengentliziyo nengqondo.

Ukuba ii-cysts ziphendula kumayeza omlomo, isiphumo esilungileyo sinokulunga.

Nxibelelana nomboneleli wakho ukuba uvelisa iimpawu zesi sifo.

Amanyathelo okuthintela i-CE kunye ne-AE zibandakanya:

• Ukuhlala kude nezilwanyana zasendle kubandakanya iimpungutye, iingcuka kunye neenkcenkce
• Ukuphepha ukunxibelelana nezinja ezilahlekileyo
• Ukuhlamba izandla kakuhle emva kokuchukumisa izinja zasekhaya okanye iikati, naphambi kokuphatha ukutya

IHydatidosis; Isifo se-Hydatid, isifo se-cyst Hydatid; Isifo se-alveolar cyst; I-Polycystic echinococcosis

• I-echinococcus yesibindi-i-CT scan
• Iintsholongwane

Amaziko oLawulo lweNtsholongwane kunye noThintelo lwewebhusayithi. Amagciwane - echinococcosis. www.cdc.gov/parasites/echinococcosis/treatment.html. Ukuhlaziywa kweDisemba 12, 2012. Ifikeleleke ngoNovemba 5, 2020.

UGottstein B, uBeldi G. Echinococcosis. Ku: Cohen J, Powderly WG, Opal SM, ii-eds. Izifo ezosulelayo. Ngomhla we-4. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: isahluko 120.