I-Hemochromatosis: yintoni, iimpawu kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu zeHemochromatosis
• Uxilongo lwenziwa njani
• Oonobangela hemochromatosis
• Unyango lwenziwa njani
• Ukutya kufanele ukuba njani

I-Hemochromatosis sisifo apho kukho i-iron engaphezulu emzimbeni, sithanda ukuqokelelwa kwesi simbiwa kwizitho ezahlukeneyo zomzimba kunye nokubonakala kweengxaki ezinje ngokuqina kwesibindi, isifo seswekile, ubumnyama besikhumba, ukusilela kwentliziyo, iintlungu ezidibeneyo okanye ukungasebenzi gland ngokwesini, umzekelo.

Unyango lwe-hemochromatosis luboniswa yi-hematologist, ene-phlebotomies, ekhutshwa rhoqo egazini ukuze i-iron efakiweyo idluliselwe kwiiseli ezibomvu zegazi eziveliswa ngumzimba, kwaye kwezinye iimeko ukusetyenziswa kwe-chelators emzimbeni isinyithi, njengoko bencedisa ekuphelisweni kwayo.

Iimpawu zeHemochromatosis

Iimpawu zeHemochromatosis zivela xa amanqanaba entsimbi ejikeleza egazini ephezulu kakhulu, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ibekwe kumalungu athile afana nesibindi, intliziyo, injeke, ulusu, amalunga, amasende, amaqanda, idlala lengqula kunye nedlala lengqula. Ke, iimpawu eziphambili kunye neempawu ezinokuvela zezi:

• Ukudinwa;
• Ubuthathaka;
• I-cirrhosis yesibindi;
• Isifo seswekile;
• Ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo kunye ne-arrhythmias;
• Intlungu edibeneyo;
• Ukungabikho exesheni.

Ukongeza, kwezinye iimeko, i-iron egqithisileyo inokubangela ukungabinamandla ngokwesini, ukungachumi kunye ne-hypothyroidism. Yazi ezinye iimpawu ezibonisa ukugqithisa kwe-iron.

Uxilongo lwenziwa njani

Ukuxilongwa kwe-hemacromatosis kwenziwa ekuqaleni kuvavanyo lweempawu kunye novavanyo lwegazi oluboniswe ngugqirha wegazi okanye ugqirha jikelele ukuze kuvavanywe amanqanaba entsimbi akhoyo emzimbeni, ukongeza kuxinzelelo lwe-ferritin kunye ne-transferrin saturation, enxulumene ukugcinwa kunye nokuthuthwa kwentsimbi emzimbeni.

Ukongeza, ezinye iimvavanyo zinoku-odolwa ukunceda ukuphanda oonobangela be-hemochromatosis, kwaye kunokucetyiswa oku kulandelayo:

• Uvavanyo lwemfuzo, ezinokubonisa utshintsho kwimfuza ebangela esi sifo;
• Isibindi se-biopsy, ngakumbi xa kungakhange kwenzeke ukuqinisekisa isifo okanye ukungqina idipozithi yentsimbi esibindini;
• Uvavanyo lwempendulo yePhlebotomy, okwenziwa ngokurhoxiswa kwegazi kunye nokubeka iliso kumanqanaba e-iron, kuboniswa ikakhulu kubantu abangakwaziyo ukwenza i-biopsy yesibindi okanye apho kusekho ukuthandabuza malunga nokuxilongwa;

Ugqirha we-hematologist uya kuba nakho ukucela imilinganiselo ye-enzyme zesibindi, enze uphando malunga nokusebenza okanye idiphozithi yentsimbi kumalungu anokuchaphazeleka, kunye nokukhupha ezinye izifo ezinokubangela iimpawu ezifanayo.

I-Hemochromatosis kufuneka iphandwe kubantu abaneempawu ezixhasayo, xa kukho isifo sesibindi esingachazwanga, isifo seswekile, isifo sentliziyo, ukungasebenzi kakuhle ngokwesondo okanye isifo esidibeneyo, nakubantu abanezihlobo zokuqala ezinesi sifo okanye abanotshintsho kumanqanaba iimvavanyo zegazi zentsimbi.

Oonobangela hemochromatosis

I-Hemochromatosis inokwenzeka ngenxa yotshintsho kwimfuza okanye ngenxa yezifo ezinxulumene nokutshatyalaliswa kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi, ezikhuthaza ukukhutshwa kwentsimbi egazini. Ke, ngokwesizathu, i-hemochromatosis inokuhlelwa:

• I-hemochromatosis yelifa, ukuba sesona sizathu siphambili sesi sifo kwaye senzeka ngenxa yokutshintsha kwemfuza ejongene nokufunxwa kwentsimbi kumzila wokugaya ukutya, oqala ukufunxwa ngobuninzi, ukwandisa inani lokujikeleza kwentsimbi emzimbeni;
• I-haemochromatosis yesibini okanye efunyenweyo, apho ingqokelela yentsimbi yenzeka ngenxa yezinye iimeko, ikakhulu ihemoglobinopathies, apho ukutshatyalaliswa kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi kukhupha izixa ezikhulu zentsimbi egazini. Abanye oonobangela kukuphindaphindwa kwegazi, isifo sokuqina kwesibindi okanye ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kwamayeza e-anemia, umzekelo.

Kubalulekile ukuba unobangela we-hemochromatosis uchongwe ngugqirha, kuba kunokwenzeka ukuba olona nyango lufanelekileyo luboniswe, lunceda ukuthintela iingxaki kunye nokunciphisa iimpawu ezibangelwa yintsimbi engaphezulu.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

I-hemochromatosis yelifa ayinalo unyango, nangona kunjalo, unyango lunokwenziwa njengendlela yokunciphisa iivenkile zentsimbi egazini kunye nokukhusela iidipozithi kumalungu. Ke, kwezi meko, olona nyango luphambili yi-phlebotomy, ekwabizwa ngokuba kukopha, apho kususwa khona inxalenye yegazi ukuze i-iron engaphezulu iba yinxalenye yeeseli ezibomvu ezintsha eziveliswa ngumzimba.

Olu nyango luneseshini yokuqala enobundlobongela, kodwa kufuneka kwenziwe iidosi zolondolozo, apho malunga ne-350 ukuya kwi-450 ml yegazi ithathwa amaxesha ama-1 ukuya kwezi-2 ngeveki. Emva koko, iiseshoni zinokubekwa ngokwahlukeneyo ngokweziphumo zeemviwo zokulandela, eziboniswe ngugqirha wegazi.

Olunye unyango olunokusetyenziswa kukusetyenziswa kwamachiza abizwa ngokuba yi-iron chelators okanye "abahlaseli", njenge-Desferroxamine, njengoko bekhuthaza ukunciphisa amanqanaba e-iron ajikelezayo. Olu nyango lubonakalisiwe kubantu abangakwaziyo ukuyinyamezela i-phlebotomy, ngakumbi abo bane-anemia enkulu, ukusilela kwentliziyo okanye ukuqina kwesibindi.

Bona ezinye iinkcukacha zonyango lwe-iron engaphezulu kwegazi.

Ukutya kufanele ukuba njani

Ukongeza kunyango oluboniswe ngugqirha, kubalulekile ukuba unike ingqalelo ukutya, kwaye kuyacetyiswa ukuba kuthintelwe ukutyiwa okugqithisileyo kokutya okune-iron. Ezinye izikhokelo ezinxulumene nokutya zezi:

• Gwema ukutya inyama ngobuninzi, unike inyama emhlophe ukhetho;
• Yitya iintlanzi ubuncinci kabini ngeveki;
• Kulumkele ukutya imifuno etyebile ngentsimbi, efana nespinatshi, ii-beet okanye iimbotyi eziluhlaza, ngaphezu kwakanye ngeveki;
• Yitya isonka sengqolowa esipheleleyo endaweni yesonka esimhlophe okanye esine-iron;
• Yitya itshizi, ubisi okanye iyogathi yonke imihla kuba ikhalsiyam inciphisa ukufunxeka kwentsimbi;
• Kuphephe ukutya iziqhamo ezomileyo, ezifana neerasentyisi, kuba zininzi ngentsimbi.

Ukongeza, umntu kufuneka aphephe iziselo ezinxilisayo ukuze athintele ukonakala kwesibindi kwaye angasebenzisi vithamini zongeza nge-iron kunye nevithamin C, njengoko oku kukonyusa ukufunxwa kwentsimbi.