IHepatitis A: yintoni, iimpawu, ukuhambisa kunye nokunyanga

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili ze-hepatitis A
• Njani ukuhambisa kunye nokuthintela
• Unyango lwenziwa njani

IHepatitis A sisifo esosulelayo esibangelwa yintsholongwane kusapho lwePicornavirus, i-HAV, ebangela ukudumba kwesibindi. Le ntsholongwane ibangela, kwiimeko ezininzi, imeko yexeshana kunye nexesha elifutshane, kwaye ihlala inganyangeki njenge-hepatitis B okanye u-C.

Nangona kunjalo, abantu ababuthathaka okanye abanesifo sokuzikhusela komzimba, njengabo banesifo seswekile esingalawulwayo, umhlaza kunye noGawulayo, umzekelo, banokuba nesifo esiqatha, nesinokubulala.

Iimpawu eziphambili ze-hepatitis A

Kwiimeko ezininzi, i-hepatitis A ayibangeli zimpawu, kwaye isenokungabonakali. Nangona kunjalo, xa zibonakala, zihlala phakathi kweentsuku ezili-15 ukuya kwezingama-40 emva kokosuleleka, ezona zixhaphakileyo zezi:

• Ukudinwa;
• Isiyezi;
• Isicaphucaphu nokugabha;
• Umkhuhlane ophantsi;
• Intloko ebuhlungu;
• Isisu esibuhlungu;
• Isikhumba esimthubi namehlo;
• Umchamo omnyama;
• Izitulo zokukhanya.

Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, apho kuvela khona izilonda zesibindi, iimpawu zinokubonakala ngokungathí sina, ezinje ngomkhuhlane omkhulu, iintlungu esiswini, ukugabha okuphindaphindiweyo kunye nolusu olutyheli kakhulu. Ezi mpawu zihlala zibonakalisa i-hepatitis epheleleyo, apho isibindi siyeke ukusebenza. Ukuvela kwe-hepatitis A ukuya kwi-hepatitis egcweleyo kunqabile, kwenzeka ngaphantsi kwe-1% yamatyala. Yazi ezinye iimpawu ze-hepatitis A.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-hepatitis A kwenziwa ngovavanyo lwegazi, apho ii-antibodies zentsholongwane zichongiwe, ezibonakala egazini kwiiveki ezimbalwa emva kongcoliseko. Olunye uvavanyo lwegazi, njenge-AST kunye ne-ALT, lunokuba luncedo ekuvavanyeni amanqanaba okuvuvukala kwesibindi.

Njani ukuhambisa kunye nokuthintela

Eyona ndlela iphambili yosasazo lwe-hepatitis A kukudlula ngomlomo, oko kukuthi, ngokusebenzisa ukutya namanzi angcoliswe lilindle labantu abanentsholongwane. Ke, xa ukutya kulungiswa kunye neemeko zempilo ezibi kukho umngcipheko wokuba nesifo. Ukongeza, ukuqubha emanzini amdaka amdaka okanye ukutya ukutya kwaselwandle okwasulelekileyo kukonyusa nethuba lokuba ne-hepatitis A. Ngenxa yoko, ukuzikhusela, kuyacetyiswa:

• Fumana isitofu sokugonya i-hepatitis A, Efumaneka kwi-SUS yabantwana ukusuka kwi-1 ukuya kwi-2 yeminyaka ubudala okanye ngakumbi eminye iminyaka;
• Hlamba izandla emva kokuya kwigumbi lokuhlambela, ukutshintsha amanabukeni okanye ngaphambi kokulungisa ukutya;
• Ukupheka ukutya kakuhle ngaphambi kokuzitya, ikakhulu ukutya kwaselwandle;
• Ukuhlamba iimpembelelo zakho, ezinje ngokusika, iipleyiti, iiglasi kunye neebhotile;
• Musa ukuqubha emanzini angcolileyo okanye dlala kufutshane nezi ndawo;
• Soloko usele amanzi acociweyo okanye ibilisiwe.

Abantu abasengozini yokosulelwa sesi sifo ngabo bahlala okanye abaya kwiindawo ezinempilo ecocekileyo kunye nococeko oluncinci okanye olungenaso kwaphela, kunye nabantwana kunye nabantu abahlala kwiindawo ezinabantu abaninzi, ezinje ngamaziko okugcina abantwana kunye amakhaya abalupheleyo.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Njengoko i-hepatitis A sisifo esipholileyo, uninzi lwamaxesha, unyango lwenziwa kuphela ngamayeza okuthomalalisa iimpawu, ezinje ngokuthomalalisa iintlungu kunye nokunyanga isicaphucaphu, ukongeza ekucebiseni ukuba umntu aphumle kwaye asele amanzi amaninzi ukuze ahlaziye kwaye ancede iglasi. ukuchacha. Ukutya kufuneka kube lula, ngokusekelwe kwimifuno kunye nemifuno.

Iimpawu zihlala zinyamalala kwiintsuku ezili-10, kwaye umntu uchacha ngokupheleleyo kwiinyanga ezimbini. Ke ngoko, ngeli xesha, ukuba uhlala nomntu onesi sifo, kuya kufuneka usebenzise isodium hypochlorite okanye iblitshi ukuhlamba igumbi lokuhlambela, ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokungcola. Bona ezinye iinkcukacha kunyango lwe-hepatitis A.

Bona kwakho kwividiyo engezantsi ukuba ungatya ntoni xa une-hepatitis: