Intsholongwane kaGawulayo noKuhamba: Iingcebiso ezi-8 ngaphambi kokuba uye

Umxholo

• 1. Zinike ixesha elongezelelekileyo
• 2. Qiniseka ukuba akukho zithintelo kwilizwe oceba ukulindwendwela
• 3. Cwangcisa ixesha lokubonana nomboneleli wakho wezempilo
• 4. Fumana izitofu zokugonya eziyimfuneko
• 5. Pakisha amayeza oza kuwadinga kuhambo lwakho
• 6. Gcina amayeza akho asondele
• 7. Yijonge kwakhona i-inshurensi yakho kwaye uthenge ngakumbi xa kufuneka njalo
• 8. Lungiselela indawo oya kuyo
• Yise kude

Ushwankathelo

Ukuba ucwangcisa iholide okanye uhambo lomsebenzi kwaye uhlala ne-HIV, ukucwangcisa kwangaphambili kuya kukunceda ukuba ube nohambo olonwabisayo.

Kwiimeko ezininzi, i-HIV ayizukuchaphazela okanye ikuthintele ekuhambeni. Kodwa uhambo lwasekhaya nolwamanye amazwe luya kufuna ukulungiswa. Ukuya kwilizwe elahlukileyo kuya kufuna ukucwangciswa okungakumbi.

Nazi ezinye iingcebiso zokukunceda ucwangcise kwaye uzilungiselele ukubaleka.

1. Zinike ixesha elongezelelekileyo

Ukuhamba xa une-HIV kunokufuna ukucwangciswa okungaphezulu kunye nokulungiselela. Zama ukubhukisha uhambo iinyanga ezimbalwa okanye nangaphezulu kwangaphambili.

Oku kuya kunika ixesha elininzi lokudibana nomboneleli wakho wezempilo, ufumane amayeza kunye nezitofu zokugonya ezongezelelweyo, uqinisekise i-inshurensi yakho, kwaye upakishe ngokufanelekileyo indawo oya kuyo.

2. Qiniseka ukuba akukho zithintelo kwilizwe oceba ukulindwendwela

Kuya kufuneka ukuba wenze uphando ngaphambi kokuba uye kumazwe aphesheya.

Amanye amazwe anezithintelo ekuhambeni kwabantu abaphila ne-HIV. Izithintelo kuhambo luhlobo localucalulo xa une-HIV.

Umzekelo, amanye amazwe anemigaqo-nkqubo ngokubhekisele kubantu abane-HIV abangena kweli lizwe okanye bahlala kutyelelo lwexeshana elifutshane (iintsuku ezingama-90 okanye ngaphantsi) okanye utyelelo lwexesha elide (ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezingama-90).

Amagqwetha kwihlabathi liphela ayasebenza ukunciphisa nokususa izithintelo zokuhamba, kwaye benze inkqubela phambili.

Ukusukela ngo-2018, amazwe ali-143 awanazo izithintelo zokuhamba kwabo baphila ne-HIV.

Nayi eminye imizekelo yenkqubela phambili yakutshanje:

• I-Taiwan kunye ne-South Korea zisusile zonke izithintelo ezikhoyo.
• ISingapore iyilulazisile imithetho yayo kwaye ngoku ivumela ukuhlala okwexeshana.
• ICanada yenza kube lula kubantu abaphila ne-HIV ukuba bafumane imvume yokuhlala.

Unokukhangela kwi-intanethi yolwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuba ilizwe linayo nayiphi na imiqobo kubahambi abane-HIV. Izindlu zoonozakuzaku kunye nabameli bazo nazo ziluncedo ekufumaneni ulwazi oluthe kratya.

3. Cwangcisa ixesha lokubonana nomboneleli wakho wezempilo

Thetha nomboneleli wakho wezempilo okungenani inyanga ngaphambi kohambo lwakho. Banokuxoxa ngemeko yakho yangoku yezempilo nokuba zingazichaphazela njani izicwangciso zokuhamba. Banokwenza uvavanyo lwegazi ukuze babone ukuba amajoni akho omzimba asebenza njani.

Kule ndawo yokuqeshwa, kuya kufuneka:

• Fumana ulwazi malunga nezitofu zokugonya eziyimfuneko okanye amayeza onokuwadinga ngaphambi kohambo lwakho.
• Cela ummiselo kuwo nawaphi na amayeza oza kuwadinga kuhambo lwakho.
• Fumana iikopi zayo nayiphi na imigqaliselo oza kuyisebenzisa kuhambo lwakho.
• Cela ileta evela kugqirha wakho echaza amayeza oza kuwapakisha kwaye uwasebenzise kuhambo lwakho. Kusenokufuneka ubonise olu xwebhu xa useluhambweni nakwamasiko.
• Thetha ngayo nayiphi na imiba yezonyango enokuthi yenzeke ngelixa useluhambeni.
• Xoxa ngeeklinikhi okanye ababoneleli ngezempilo kwindawo oya kuyo abanokukunceda ngokhathalelo lonyango ukuba kukho imfuneko.

4. Fumana izitofu zokugonya eziyimfuneko

Ukuhambela kumazwe athile kufuna ukuba kufumaneke izitofu zokugonya ezintsha okanye izitofu zokugonya. Umboneleli wakho wezempilo uya kuyiphonononga impilo yakho ngaphambi kokucebisa okanye ngokulawula ugonyo oluthile.

Amaziko oLawulo lweNtsholongwane kunye noThintelo athi abo bane-HIV ngaphandle kokucinezelwa kakhulu kufuneka bagonywe njengaye nawuphi na umhambi. Abantu abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo banokufuna ugonyo olongezelelekileyo lweemeko ezinjengemasisi ukuba amajoni omzimba wabo aphelile.

Inani eliphantsi le-CD4 T lymphocyte count linokutshintsha ixesha lokuphendula kwizitofu zokugonya. Ezi zitofu zisenokungasebenzi kakuhle okanye zithathe ixesha elide ukuba zisebenze ngokuxhomekeke kubalo.

Oku kunokufuna ukuba ufumane isitofu sokugonya kwangaphambili okanye ufumane isitofu esongezelelekileyo sokugonya. Ukongeza, i-lymphocyte ephantsi ye-CD4 T inokukuthintela ekufumaneni ugonyo oluthile, olufana ne-yellow fever.

5. Pakisha amayeza oza kuwadinga kuhambo lwakho

Qinisekisa ukuba unawo onke amayeza oza kuwathatha kuhambo lwakho ngaphambi kokuhamba. Zisa amathamo ongezelelweyo xa kunokwenzeka ulibaziseke xa useluhambeni.

Amayeza kufuneka aphawulwe ngokucacileyo nakwiipakethe zawo zokuqala. Qiniseka ukuba uphonononga indlela yokugcina amayeza. Cinga ukuba ngaba kufuneka zigcinwe kubushushu obuthile okanye zifihlwe ekukhanyeni ukuba zinolwazelelelo ekukhanyeni.

Phatha ikopi yeleta evela kumboneleli wakho wezempilo echaza amayeza akho.

Ungayisebenzisa le nto ukuba igosa lesintu liyakucela okanye ukuba ufuna unyango okanye ukubuyisela amayeza endaweni yokuba ungekho.

Le leta kufuneka ibandakanye ulwazi lokunxibelelana nomboneleli wakho kunye namayeza owathathayo. Akudingeki ukuba ucacise ukuba kutheni usela amayeza.

6. Gcina amayeza akho asondele

Cinga ngokugcina amayeza kwingxowa yokuphatha ukuba uya kwahlulwa kwimithwalo yakho nangaliphi na ixesha. Oku kuyakuqinisekisa ukuba unamayeza akho xa ulahlekile okanye ulimele umthwalo.

Ukuba ucwangcisa ukuhamba ngenqwelomoya, ukuphatha amayeza angamanzi ngaphezulu kweemililitha eziyi-100 (ml) kuyakudinga imvume kwindiza yakho okanye kwisikhululo seenqwelomoya. Nxibelelana nenqwelo moya yakho ukumisela ukuba uqhuba njani nolwelo olungaphezulu komda oqhelekileyo.

7. Yijonge kwakhona i-inshurensi yakho kwaye uthenge ngakumbi xa kufuneka njalo

Qinisekisa ukuba isicwangciso sakho se-inshurensi siza kubandakanya naziphi na iimfuno zonyango xa useluhambeni. Thenga i-inshurensi yokuhamba ukuba ufuna ukhuselo olongezelelekileyo ngelixa ukwilizwe elahlukileyo. Qiniseka ukuba uthatha ikhadi lakho leinshurensi kuhambo lwakho xa ufuna ukufumana unyango.

8. Lungiselela indawo oya kuyo

Ukuhamba kunokuza nomngcipheko othile kuye nakubani na, hayi abo bane-HIV bodwa. Ufuna ukunqanda ukudibana okungafunekiyo nezinto ezingcolisayo ukunqanda ukugula. Ukupakisha izinto ezithile kunokukunceda ungavuleki.

Ukuhambela kwilizwe elinezinambuzane ezithwele izifo, pakisha into ephindisela izinambuzane nge-DEET (ubuncinci ipesenti engama-30) kunye nempahla egubungela ulusu lwakho. Ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza anokuthintela ezi zifo.

Unokufuna kwakhona ukupakisha itawuli okanye ingubo oza kuyisebenzisa kwiipaki nakwiilwandle kwaye unxibe izihlangu ukuthintela ukudibana nenkunkuma yezilwanyana.

Kwakhona, pakisha isicoci sesandla oza kusisebenzisa kuhambo lwakho ukugcina izandla zakho zingenazintsholongwane.

Funda malunga nokuba kukuphi ukutya onokukuphepha xa usiya kwilizwe elisaphuhlayo.

Kunqande ukutya iziqhamo okanye imifuno ekrwada ngaphandle kokuba uza kuzixobula ngokwakho, inyama ekrwada okanye engaphekwanga kakuhle okanye ukutya kwaselwandle, iimveliso zobisi ezingasetyenziswanga, okanye nantoni na evela kumthengisi wesitalato. Kulumkele ukusela amanzi etephu kunye nokusebenzisa umkhenkce owenziwe ngamanzi aphuma etepini.

Yise kude

Kuyenzeka ukuba ukonwabele ukuhamba ushishino okanye ukuzonwabisa xa uphila ne-HIV.

Qiniseka ukuba ubona umboneleli wakho wezempilo ngaphambi kohambo lokuphonononga nayiphi na imiba yezonyango enokuthi iphazamise izicwangciso zakho zokuhamba.

Ukulungiselela ukuhamba ngogonyo, amayeza aneleyo, i-inshurensi, kunye nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo kunokunceda ekuqinisekiseni amava okuhamba aqinisekileyo.