Isebenza Njani Intliziyo Yakho

Umxholo

• Amagumbi entliziyo
• Izivalo zentliziyo
• Igazi liphuma entliziyweni
• Isithsaba sentliziyo

Intliziyo yakho

Intliziyo yomntu lelinye lawona malungu asebenza nzima emzimbeni.

Ngokomndilili, ibetha malunga nama-75 amaxesha ngomzuzu. Njengoko intliziyo ibetha, inika uxinzelelo ukuze igazi libaleke ukuhambisa ioksijini kunye nezakha mzimba ezibalulekileyo emzimbeni wakho ngothungelwano olubanzi lwemithambo, kwaye ibuyisa ukuhamba kwegazi kuthungelwano lwemithambo.

Ngapha koko, intliziyo ngokuthe ngcembe impompa umyinge wamawaka amabini eelitha zegazi emzimbeni suku ngalunye.

Intliziyo yakho ibekwe phantsi kwe-sternum kunye ne-ribcage, naphakathi kwemiphunga yakho emibini.

Amagumbi entliziyo

Amagumbi amane entliziyo asebenza njengempompo enamacala amabini, enegumbi elingaphezulu eliqhubekayo elingasentla kwicala ngalinye lentliziyo.

Amagumbi amane entliziyo ngala:

• I-atrium elungileyo. Eli gumbi lifumana igazi eligcwele ioksijini esele liphelile esele lijikeleze umzimba wonke, ngaphandle kwemiphunga, kwaye uyimpompa kwi-ventricle elungileyo.
• I-ventricle yasekunene. I-ventricle yasekunene impompa igazi ukusuka kwi-atrium yasekunene ukuya kwimithambo ye-pulmonary. I-pulmonary artery ithumela igazi elingena-oxygen kwimiphunga, apho ithatha khona ioksijini ngokutshintshisa icarbon dioxide.
• I-atrium yasekhohlo. Eli gumbi lifumana igazi elinomoya-mpilo kwimithambo yemiphunga yemiphunga kwaye iyimpompa kwi-ventricle yasekhohlo.
• I-ventricle yasekhohlo. Ngobunzima bemisipha obugqwesileyo kuwo onke amagumbi, i-ventricle yasekhohlo yeyona ndawo inzima yokumpompa kwentliziyo, njengoko ipompa igazi elihamba liye entliziyweni nakulo lonke umzimba ngaphandle kwemiphunga.

Iintliziyo ezimbini ze-atria zombini zibekwe ngaphezulu kwentliziyo. Banoxanduva lokufumana igazi kwimithambo yakho.

Ii-ventricles ezimbini zentliziyo zibekwe emazantsi entliziyo.Banoxanduva lokumpompa igazi kwimithambo yakho.

Isivumelwano sakho se-atria kunye nee-ventricles zokwenza intliziyo yakho ibethe kwaye ulimpompe igazi kwigumbi ngalinye. Amagumbi entliziyo yakho azaliswa ligazi ngaphambi kokubetha nganye, kwaye ukucuthwa kulityhalela ngaphandle igazi kwigumbi elilandelayo. Ukuchaphazeleka kubangelwa ziimpembelelo zombane eziqala kwindawo yesono, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-sinoatrial node (SA node), ebekwe kwithishu ye-atrium yakho yasekunene.

Iipulse ke zihamba ngentliziyo yakho ziye kwi-atrioventricular node, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-AV node, ekufutshane neziko lentliziyo phakathi kwe-atria kunye nee-ventricles. Ezi ntshukumisa zombane zigcina igazi lakho lihamba ngesingqisho esifanelekileyo.

Izivalo zentliziyo

Intliziyo inezivalo ezine, inye nganye emazantsi emazantsi egumbi ngalinye, ukuze, phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo, igazi lingakwazi ukubuyela umva, kwaye amagumbi anokugcwalisa ligazi kunye nokumpompa igazi phambili ngokufanelekileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha ezi zivalo zinokulungiswa okanye zitshintshwe ukuba ziye zonakala.

Izivalo zentliziyo zezi:

• I-Tricuspid (AV yasekunene) ivelufa. Le valavu ivula ukuvumela igazi ukuba liphume kwi-atrium elungileyo liye kwi-ventricle elungileyo.
• I-valve yemiphunga. Le valavu ivula ukuvumela igazi ukuba liphume kwi-ventricle yasekhohlo iye kwimithambo yemiphunga ukuya emiphungeni, ukuze intliziyo nomzimba wonke ufumane ioksijini engaphezulu.
• IMitral (i-AV yasekhohlo) ivelufa. Le valavu iyavula ukuze igazi lihambe liphuma kwi-atrium yasekhohlo iye kwi-ventricle yasekhohlo.
• Ivalufa yeAortic. Le valavu iyavula ukuze igazi lishiye i-ventricle yasekhohlo ukuze igazi lihambe liye entliziyweni nasemzimbeni wonke, ligcine imiphunga.

Igazi liphuma entliziyweni

Xa usebenza ngokufanelekileyo, igazi elingenayo i-deoxygenated ebuya kumalungu, ngaphandle kwemiphunga, lingena entliziyweni ngemithambo emibini eyaziwa ngokuba yi-vena cavae, kwaye intliziyo ibuyisela igazi layo elibuhlungu libuyele kuyo nge-coronary sinus.

Ukusuka kwezi zakhiwo ze-venous, igazi lingena kwi-atrium elungileyo kwaye lidlule kwi-tricuspid valve kwi-ventricle efanelekileyo. Igazi emva koko lihamba nge-pulmonary valve kwi-pulmonary artery trunk, kwaye ngokulandelayo lihamba ngemithambo ye-pulmonary yasekunene nasekhohlo iye emiphungeni, apho igazi lifumana ioksijini ngexesha lotshintshiselwano lomoya.

Ekubuyeni kwayo ukusuka emiphungeni, igazi elinomoya-mpilo lihamba ngemithambo yamaphaphu yangasekunene nakwesobunxele iye kwi-atrium yasekhohlo yentliziyo. Igazi emva koko lihamba ngevalve ye-mitral kwi-ventricle yasekhohlo, kwigumbi lendawo yamandla entliziyo.

Igazi liphuma ngaphandle kwetyhubhu yasekhohlo ngevalvu ye-aortic, kwaye iye kwi-aorta, inyukela phezulu isuka entliziyweni. Ukusuka apho, igazi lihamba ngendlela yemithambo ukuya kwiseli nganye emzimbeni ngaphandle kwemiphunga.

Isithsaba sentliziyo

Ubume begazi lentliziyo lubizwa ngokuba yinkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi emzimbeni. Igama elithi "coronary" lisuka kwigama lesiLatin elithetha "isithsaba." Imithambo ehambisa umsipha wentliziyo ijikeleze intliziyo njengesithsaba.

Isifo sentliziyo, esikwabizwa ngokuba sisifo semithambo, sihlala sikhula xa ikhalsiyam ine-cholesterol kunye namanqatha amanqatha aqokelela kwaye enzakalise imithambo eyondla umsipha wentliziyo. Ukuba isahlulo solunye lala macwecwe siyaphuka, sinokuthintela ngequbuliso enye yeenqanawa kwaye sibangele ukuba izihlunu zentliziyo ziqale ukufa (i-myocardial infarction) kuba indlala ioksijini kunye nezakhamzimba. Oku kunokwenzeka kwakhona ukuba ifom yegazi yenze enye yeemithambo zentliziyo, ezinokuthi zenzeke kanye emva kokuqhekeka kweplate.