I-Hypercalcemia: Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba unayo iCalcium eninzi?

Umxholo

• Ziintoni iimpawu zehypercalcemia?
• Ngokubanzi
• Izintso
• Isisu
• Intliziyo
• Imisipha
• Inkqubo yamathambo
• Iimpawu ze-Neurological
• Yintoni ebangela i-hypercalcemia?
• Hyperparathyroidism
• Izifo zemiphunga kunye nomhlaza
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango
• Izongezo zokutya kunye namayeza e-counter
• Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni
• Ichongwa njani i-hypercalcemia?
• Zeziphi iindlela zonyango zonyango lwehypercalcemia?
• Amatyala amancinci
• Ukumodareyitha iimeko ezinzima
• Isiseko sehyperparathyroidism
• Umhlaza
• Zeziphi iingxaki ezinxulunyaniswa ne-hypercalcemia?
• Ithini imbono yexesha elide?
• Q:
• A:

Yintoni iHypercalcemia?

I-Hypercalcemia yimeko apho une-calcium ephezulu kakhulu egazini lakho. I-calcium ibalulekile ekusebenzeni kwesiqhelo kwamalungu, iiseli, izihlunu, kunye nemithambo-luvo. Kwakhona kubalulekile ekunqandeni igazi nakwimpilo yethambo.

Nangona kunjalo, ubuninzi bayo bunokubangela iingxaki. IHypercalcemia yenza kube nzima ukuba umzimba wenze imisebenzi yawo yesiqhelo. Amanqanaba aphezulu kakhulu e-calcium anokusongela ubomi.

Ziintoni iimpawu zehypercalcemia?

Awunakho ukuba neempawu ezibonakalayo ukuba une-hypercalcemia emnene. Ukuba unetyala elibi kakhulu, uya kuba neempawu kunye neempawu ezichaphazela amalungu omzimba wakho.

Ngokubanzi

• intloko ebuhlungu
• ukudinwa

Izintso

Iimpawu ezinxulumene nezintso zibandakanya:

• ukunxanwa ngokugqithiseleyo
• ukuchama kakhulu
• iintlungu phakathi komqolo kunye nesisu esingaphezulu kwelinye icala ngenxa yamatye ezintso

Isisu

Iimpawu ezinxulumene nesisu zibandakanya:

• isicaphucaphu
• intlungu zesisu
• ukunciphisa ukutya
• ukuqhina
• ukugabha

Intliziyo

I-calcium ephezulu inokuchaphazela inkqubo yombane yentliziyo, ibangele izingqisho zentliziyo engaqhelekanga.

Imisipha

Amanqanaba e-calcium anokuchaphazela izihlunu zakho, zibangele ukujija, iicramps kunye nobuthathaka.

Inkqubo yamathambo

Amanqanaba aphezulu e-calcium anokuchaphazela amathambo, akhokelela ku:

• iintlungu zethambo
• osteoporosis
• ukuqhekeka kwisifo

Iimpawu ze-Neurological

I-Hypercalcemia inokubangela iimpawu ze-neurological, ezinje ngoxinzelelo, ukulahleka kwememori kunye nokucaphuka. Iimeko ezinzima zingabangela ukudideka kunye ne-coma.

Ukuba unomdlavuza kwaye unayo nayiphi na impawu ye-hypercalcemia, biza ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza. Akuqhelekanga kumhlaza ukuba kubangele amanqanaba aphezulu e-calcium. Xa oku kusenzeka kungxamiseko lonyango.

Yintoni ebangela i-hypercalcemia?

Umzimba wakho usebenzisa unxibelelwano phakathi kwecalcium, ivithamin D, kunye neparathyroid hormone (PTH) ukulawula amanqanaba e-calcium.

I-PTH inceda umzimba ulawule ukuba ingakanani ikhalsiyam engena kumjelo wegazi ukusuka emathunjini, kwizintso nakumathambo. Ngokwesiqhelo, i-PTH inyuka xa inqanaba le-calcium egazini lakho liwela kwaye linciphe xa inqanaba lakho le-calcium linyuka.

Umzimba wakho unokwenza i-calcitonin kwi-thyroid gland xa izinga lakho le-calcium liphakama kakhulu. Xa une-hypercalcemia, kukho i-calcium egqithisileyo kumjelo wakho wegazi kwaye umzimba wakho awunakho ukulawula inqanaba lakho le-calcium ngesiqhelo.

Zininzi izinto ezinokubangela le meko:

Hyperparathyroidism

Amadlala e-parathyroid ngamadlala amancinci amane abekwe emva kwencindi yedlala entanyeni. Balawula ukuveliswa kwehomoni yeparathyroid, ethi yona ilawule ikhalsiyam egazini.

I-Hyperparathyroidism yenzeka xa enye okanye nangaphezulu yamadlala akho e-parathyroid eqala ukusebenza kwaye akhuphe i-PTH kakhulu. Oku kudala ukungalingani kwekhalsiyam umzimba ongakwaziyo ukuyilungisa ngokwakho. Esi sesona sizathu siphambili sehypercalcemia, ngakumbi kubafazi abangaphezulu kweminyaka engama-50 ubudala.

Izifo zemiphunga kunye nomhlaza

Izifo zeGranulomatous, ezinjengesifo sephepha kunye ne-sarcoidosis, zizifo zemiphunga ezinokubangela ukuba amanqanaba e-vitamin D anyuke. Oku kubangela ukufunxeka kwecalcium, eyonyusa inqanaba lecalcium egazini lakho.

Eminye imihlaza, ngakumbi umhlaza wemiphunga, umhlaza webele, kunye nomhlaza wegazi, inokuphakamisa umngcipheko wehypercalcemia.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango

Amanye amayeza, ngakumbi i-diuretics, anokuvelisa i-hypercalcemia. Benza oku ngokubangela ukuba i-diuresis enqabileyo yolwelo, ilahleko yamanzi emzimbeni, kunye ne-calcium engaphantsi. Oku kukhokelela kuxinzelelo lwecalcium egazini.

Ezinye iziyobisi, ezifana ne-lithium, zibangela ukuba i-PTH eninzi ikhutshwe.

Izongezo zokutya kunye namayeza e-counter

Ukuthatha i-vitamin D okanye i-calcium eninzi ngendlela yokuncedisa kunokunyusa izinga lakho le-calcium. Ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kwe-calcium carbonate, efumaneka kwii-antacids eziqhelekileyo ezinjengeTum kunye neRolaids, nako kunokukhokelela kumanqanaba aphezulu e-calcium.

Iidosi eziphezulu zezi mveliso zingathengiswayo zii-hypercalcemia e-United States.

Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni

Oku kuhlala kukhokelela kumatyala amancinci e-hypercalcemia. Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kubangela ukuba i-calcium yakho inyuke ngenxa yexabiso eliphantsi lolwelo onalo egazini lakho. Nangona kunjalo, ubungqongqo buxhomekeke kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwezintso.

Kubantu abanesifo esinganyangekiyo sezintso, iimpembelelo zokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni zinkulu.

Ichongwa njani i-hypercalcemia?

Ugqirha wakho unokusebenzisa uvavanyo lwegazi ukujonga inqanaba lecalcium egazini lakho. Uvavanyo lwe-Urine olulinganisa i-calcium, iprotheni kunye nezinye izinto zinokukunceda.

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ufumana inqanaba eliphezulu le-calcium, baya kuyala iimvavanyo ezingaphezulu ukuze bafumane unobangela wemeko yakho. Uvavanyo lwegazi kunye nomchamo kunokunceda ugqirha wakho ukuba afumane isifo sehyperparathyroidism kunye nezinye iimeko.

Uvavanyo olunokuvumela ugqirha wakho ukuba ajonge ubungqina bomhlaza okanye ezinye izifo ezinokubangela i-hypercalcemia ibandakanya:

• X-reyi zesifuba, ezinokubonisa umhlaza wemiphunga
• iimammograms, ezinceda ukufumanisa umhlaza wamabele
• Izikena ze-CT, ezenza umfanekiso ocacileyo womzimba wakho
• Iskena seMRI, esivelisa imifanekiso eneenkcukacha zamalungu omzimba wakho kunye nolunye ulwakhiwo
• Uvavanyo lwe-DEXA yamaminerali wovavanyo, ovavanya amandla amathambo

Zeziphi iindlela zonyango zonyango lwehypercalcemia?

Unyango olunokunyangwa kwi-hypercalcemia luxhomekeke kubukrakra beemeko kunye nesizathu esisisiseko.

Amatyala amancinci

Awunakufuna unyango olukhawulezileyo ukuba unecala elincinci le-hypercalcemia, kuxhomekeke kwisizathu. Nangona kunjalo, kuya kufuneka ubeke iliso kwinkqubela phambili yayo. Ukufumana oyena nobangela kubalulekile.

Iziphumo eziphakanyisiweyo zamanqanaba e-calcium emzimbeni wakho azichaphazeli nje kwinqanaba le-calcium ekhoyo, kodwa ikhula ngokukhawuleza kangakanani. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukunamathela kwiingcebiso zikagqirha wakho zokulandela.

Nokuba amanqanaba aphezulu e-calcium anokukhokelela kumatye ezintso kunye nomonakalo wezintso ekuhambeni kwexesha.

Ukumodareyitha iimeko ezinzima

Uya kudinga unyango esibhedlele ukuba une-moderation ukuya kwimeko enzima. Injongo yonyango kukubuyisela inqanaba lakho le-calcium kwesiqhelo. Unyango lukwanenjongo yokuthintela ukonakala emathanjeni nasezintso zakho. Ukhetho oluqhelekileyo lonyango lubandakanya oku kulandelayo:

• ICalcitonin yincindi yedlala eveliswe kwidlala lengqula. Icothisa ilahleko.
• Ulwelo olungena ngaphakathi lungena emzimbeni kwaye lusehlise amanqanaba e-calcium egazini.
• Iicorticosteroids ziyeza ezichasayo. Ziluncedo kunyango lwevithamini D.
• Amayeza e-loop diuretic anokunceda izintso zakho zihambise ulwelo kwaye zisuse ikhalsiyam eyongezelelweyo, ngakumbi ukuba unesifo sentliziyo.
• I-bisphosphonates efakwa ngaphakathi kwi-calcium esezantsi ngokulawula amathambo e-calcium.
• I-Dialysis ingenziwa ukususa igazi lakho le-calcium eyongezelelweyo kunye nenkunkuma xa wenzakele izintso. Oku kuhlala kwenziwa ukuba ezinye iindlela zonyango azisebenzi.

Isiseko sehyperparathyroidism

Kuxhomekeka kubudala bakho, ukusebenza kwezintso, kunye nefuthe, unokufuna utyando ukuze ususe amadlala angaqhelekanga e-parathyroid. Le nkqubo inyanga iimeko ezininzi ze-hypercalcemia ezibangelwa yi-hyperparathyroidism.

Ukuba utyando alunakukhethwa kuwe, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa iyeza elibizwa ngokuba yi-cinacalcet (Sensipar). Oku kunciphisa inqanaba lakho le-calcium ngokunciphisa imveliso ye-PTH. Ukuba une-osteoporosis, ugqirha wakho unokuthatha i-bisphosphonates ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuqhekeka.

Umhlaza

Ukuba unomdlavuza, ugqirha uya kuxoxa ngeendlela zokonyango kunye nawe ukukunceda ubone iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokunyanga i-hypercalcemia.

Unokwazi ukufumana ukukhululeka kwiimpawu ngokusebenzisa i-intravenous fluid kunye neyeza ezifana ne-bisphosphonates. Oku kunokwenza kube lula kuwe ukuba ujongane nonyango lwakho lomhlaza.

Iyeza le-cinacalcet linokusetyenziselwa ukunyanga amanqanaba aphezulu e-calcium ngenxa yomhlaza weparathyroid. iphakamisa ukuba inokuba nenxaxheba kunyango lwe-hypercalcemia ngenxa yeminye imihlaza.

Zeziphi iingxaki ezinxulunyaniswa ne-hypercalcemia?

I-Hypercalcemia inokubangela iingxaki zezintso, ezinje ngamatye ezintso kunye nokusilela kwezintso. Ezinye iingxaki zibandakanya ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokungaqhelekanga kunye ne-osteoporosis.

I-Hypercalcemia nayo inokubangela ukudideka okanye isifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo kuba ikhalsiyam inceda ukugcina inkqubo yeemvakalelo isebenza kakuhle. Iimeko ezinzima zinokukhokelela kwi-coma enokusongela ubomi.

Ithini imbono yexesha elide?

Imbonakalo yakho yexesha elide iya kuxhomekeka kwisizathu kwaye imeko yakho imbi kangakanani. Ugqirha wakho unokumisela olona nyango lulungileyo.

Thetha nogqirha wakho rhoqo ukuze uhlale unolwazi kwaye ubuze imibuzo. Qiniseka ukuba uqhubeka nalo naluphi na uvavanyo lokulandela kunye nokuqeshwa.

Unokwenza indima yakho ekuncedeni ukukhusela izintso zakho kunye namathambo kumonakalo ngenxa yehypercalcemia ngokwenza ukhetho olusempilweni. Qinisekisa ukuba usele amanzi amaninzi. Oku kuyakukugcina uhlanjululwe, ugcine amanqanaba egazi e-calcium ezantsi, kwaye unciphise umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa amatye ezintso.

Kuba ukutshaya kunokukhawulezisa ukulahleka kwethambo, kubalulekile ukuba uyeke ngokukhawuleza. Ukutshaya kukwabangela eminye imicimbi yezempilo. Ukuyeka ukutshaya kunokunceda impilo yakho kuphela.

Ukudityaniswa kokuzilolonga umzimba kunye nokuqeqesha amandla kunokugcina amathambo akho omelele kwaye esempilweni. Thetha nogqirha wakho kuqala ukufumana ukuba zeziphi iintlobo zokuzilolonga umzimba ezikhuselekileyo kuwe. Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi ukuba unomdlavuza ochaphazela amathambo akho.

Qiniseka ukuba ulandela izikhokelo zeedosi zokutya okungaphezulu kwekhawuntareni kunye namayeza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wevithamini D kunye nokutya kwe calcium.

Q:

Ngawaphi amanyathelo endimele ndiwathathe xa ndicinga ukuba ndisengozini yehypercalcemia?

Isigulana esingaziwayo

A:

Kukho amanyathelo ahlukeneyo onokuwathatha. Kuya kufuneka uhlale uhlanjululwe ngokwaneleyo ngokusela isixa esifanelekileyo samanzi, kubandakanya amanzi. Kuya kufuneka usebenzise isixa esifanelekileyo setyuwa kwindlela otya ngayo, emalunga ne-2,000 milligrams yesodium ngosuku kubantu abadala abaqhelekileyo. Ekugqibeleni, xela ugqirha wakho ukuba ubone ukuba ngaba nayiphi na imithi yakho yangoku okanye imishanguzo engaphezulu kwe-counter inokuphakamisa umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa i-hypercalcemia.

Steve Kim, iimpendulo ze-MDA zimele izimvo zeengcali zethu zonyango. Yonke imixholo inolwazi ngokungqongqo kwaye akufuneki ukuba ithathelwe ingqalelo njengengcebiso yezonyango.