Umhlaza wamaphaphu: Ngaba uyasebenza?

Umxholo

• Isebenza njani i-immunotherapy yomhlaza wemiphunga?
• Ii-inhibitors zokujonga ukungasebenzi komzimba
• Amachiza omzimba monoclonal
• Amayeza okugonya umhlaza wemiphunga
• Olunye ugonyo
• Ngubani umgqatswa olungileyo we-immunotherapy?
• Ngaba iyasebenza?
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zeziyobisi ze-immunotherapy
• Uqala njani unyango
• Ukujoyina uvavanyo lweklinikhi
• Yintoni imbonakalo?

Yintoni i-immunotherapy?

I-Immunotherapy yonyango olusetyenziselwa ukunyanga ezinye iindlela zomhlaza wemiphunga, ngakumbi umhlaza wesifo somhlaza wamaphaphu. Ngamanye amaxesha kuthiwa yi-biologic therapy okanye i-biotherapy.

I-Immunotherapy isebenzisa iziyobisi ezikhuthaza amajoni akho omzimba ukuba achonge kwaye atshabalalise iiseli zomhlaza. I-Immunotherapy lukhetho lonyango kwangoko xa kufunyaniswe umhlaza wemiphunga. Kwezinye iimeko, isetyenziswa emva kolunye uhlobo lonyango olungqina ukuba aluphumelelanga.

Isebenza njani i-immunotherapy yomhlaza wemiphunga?

Amajoni akho omzimba ayakukhusela kusulelo nakwizigulo. Iiseli zakho zomzimba ziqeqeshelwe ukujolisa kwaye zihlasele izinto zangaphandle, ezinje ngeentsholongwane kunye nezinto ezingavumiyo, ezingena emzimbeni wakho.

Amajoni akho omzimba anokujolisa kwaye ahlasele iiseli zomhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, iiseli zomhlaza zibeka imiceli mngeni ethile. Zisenokubonakala zifana neeseli ezisempilweni, zisenza ukuba kube nzima ukuzibona. Ukongeza, bahlala bekhula kwaye basasazeka ngokukhawuleza.

I-Immunotherapy inokunceda ukukhulisa amajoni akho omzimba ekulweni iiseli zomhlaza. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-immunotherapy ezisebenza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.

Ii-inhibitors zokujonga ukungasebenzi komzimba

Amajoni akho omzimba asebenzisa inkqubo esekwe kwiproteni "yokujonga" ukuqinisekisa ukuba ayihlaseli iiseli ezisempilweni. Iiproteni ezithile kufuneka zenziwe okanye zingasebenzi ukuze ziqalise uhlaselo lomzimba.

Iiseli zomhlaza ngamanye amaxesha zithatha ithuba kwezi ndawo zokujonga ukunqanda ukutshatyalaliswa. Amachiza e-Immunotherapy athintela indawo ekutshekishwa kuyo yenza ukuba kube nzima ngakumbi.

Amachiza omzimba monoclonal

Iintsholongwane zeMonoclonal ziiproteni ezenziwe elebhu ezibopha kwiindawo ezithile zeseli zomhlaza. Zingasetyenziselwa ukuphatha amayeza, iityhefu, okanye izinto ezinemitha yeathom ngqo kwiiseli zomhlaza.

Amayeza okugonya umhlaza wemiphunga

Izitofu zomhlaza zisebenza ngendlela efanayo nezitofu zokugonya ezinye izifo. Bazisa iiantigen, ezizinto zangaphandle ezisetyenziselwa ukuqala ukuphendula kwamajoni omzimba ngokuchasene neeseli. Kwizitofu zokugonya umhlaza, zinokusetyenziselwa ukuhlasela iiseli zomhlaza.

Olunye ugonyo

Amanye amayeza e-immunotherapy omeleza amajoni akho omzimba, awenze ukuba usebenze ngakumbi ekulweni iiseli zomhlaza.

Ngubani umgqatswa olungileyo we-immunotherapy?

Abaphandi abayiqondi ngokupheleleyo ukuba ngubani izibonelelo kwi-immunotherapy kwaye kutheni. icebisa ukuba i-immunotherapy inokunceda abantu abanomhlaza wesifo somhlaza ongasencinci, olona hlobo luqhelekileyo lomhlaza wemiphunga.

Unyango ekujoliswe kulo luthathwa njengonyango olusebenzayo ngakumbi kubantu abanesifo semiphunga esineenguqu ezithile zofuzo.

I-Immunotherapy isenokungakhuseleki kubantu abane-autoimmune disorders - njenge-Crohn's disease, i-lupus, okanye i-rheumatoid arthritis- kunye nezo zine-acute okanye ezingapheliyo.

Ngaba iyasebenza?

I-Immunotherapy isengunyango olutsha kumhlaza wemiphunga, kunye nezifundo ezininzi eziqhubekayo ngoku. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, iziphumo ziyathembisa.

Isifundo somqhubi wenqwelomoya sivavanye ukusebenza kweedosi ezimbini zonyango lwe-immunotherapy kubantu abanesifo somhlaza wamaphaphu esesincinci esasisele siza kwenziwa utyando. Nangona ubungakanani beesampulu babuncinci, abaphandi bafumanisa ukuba iipesenti ezingama-45 zabathathi-nxaxheba zibonise ukuncipha okukhulu kwinani leeseli zomhlaza xa kususwe izicubu zabo.

Olunye uphononongo lwenze isampulu kubantu abangama-616 abanesifo somhlaza wemiphunga esingasetyenziswanga esinyangiweyo. Abathathi-nxaxheba bakhethwa ngokungakhethiyo ukuba bafumane i-chemotherapy kunye ne-immunotherapy okanye i-chemotherapy ene-placebo.

Phakathi kwabo bafumana unyango lwe-immunotherapy, umyinge wokusinda oqikelelweyo wawuyiipesenti ezingama-69.2 kwiinyanga ezili-12. Ngokuchasene noko, iqela le-placebo lalinomlinganiso wokusinda weenyanga ezili-12 weepesenti ezingama-49.4.

I-Immunotherapy sele itshintsha indawo yonyango kubantu abanomhlaza wemiphunga. Nangona kunjalo, ayifezekanga. Kwisifundo sokugqibela, abantu abafumene i-chemotherapy nge-immunotherapy kunokwenzeka ukuba bafumane iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kwaye baphelise unyango lwabo kwangoko xa kuthelekiswa neqela le-placebo.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zeziyobisi ze-immunotherapy

Amachiza e-Immunotherapy anokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Ezinye zezi ziquka:

• ukuqhina
• urhudo
• ukudinwa
• ukucheba
• intlungu edibeneyo
• ukungabikho komdla
• isicaphucaphu
• irhashalala

Ngamanye amaxesha, unyango lwe-immunotherapy lwenza ukuba amajoni omzimba ahlasele amalungu akho. Oku kunokukhokelela kwiziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinobuzaza ngamanye amaxesha.

Ukuba ufumana unyango lwe-immunotherapy, kuya kufuneka uxele iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezintsha kwangoko. Ugqirha wakho unokukunceda uthathe isigqibo sokuba ufuna ukuyeka unyango.

Uqala njani unyango

I-Immunotherapy ayifane ixhaphake njengezinye iindlela zonyango lomhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, bayanda oogqirha ngoku abonelelayo. Uninzi lwaba gqirha zii-oncologists, oko kuthetha ukuba bagxile kunyango lomhlaza.

Ukufumana ugqirha onokubonelela nge-immunotherapy, qhagamshelana neziko lokhathalelo lwempilo eligxile kunyango lomhlaza. Unokucela ugqirha wakho ukuba anike ingcebiso.

I-Immunotherapy inokuba yindleko kwaye ayisoloko igutyungelwa yi-inshurensi. Kuxhomekeka kwindawo ohlala kuyo kunye nomboneleli wakho weinshurensi.

Ukujoyina uvavanyo lweklinikhi

Uninzi lweziyobisi ze-immunotherapy zisephantsi kovavanyo lweklinikhi. Oko kuthetha ukuba azange zivunywe yi-U.S. KuLawulo lokuTya kunye neDrug kwaye ayinakubekwa ngoogqirha.

Abaphandi basebenzisa iimvavanyo zeklinikhi ukujonga ukuba isebenza njani iyeza elinye okanye nangaphezulu. Abathathi-nxaxheba bahlala ngokuzithandela. Ukuba ungathanda ukuthatha inxaxheba kuvavanyo lweklinikhi, ugqirha wakho unokukunceda ufunde ngakumbi, kubandakanya umngcipheko kunye nezibonelelo zokuthatha inxaxheba.

Yintoni imbonakalo?

Lixesha kuphela eliza kuxela ukuba lisebenza njani i-immunotherapy kunyango lomhlaza wemiphunga. Okwangoku, kubonakala ngathi unyango lwe-immunotherapy lunokuphucula indlela abajonga ngayo abantu abanomhlaza wamaphaphu ongaqhelekanga. Uphando luqhubela phambili ngokukhawuleza kodwa iziphumo zexesha elide ziya kuthatha iminyaka.