Vaccine Polio (VIP / VOP): yeyantoni kwaye uyithatha nini

Umxholo

• Ulifumana nini iyeza lokugonya
• Kufuneka ukuba amalungiselelo abe njani
• Xa ungathathi
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokwenzeka zokugonya

Isitofu sokugonya ipoliyo, esikwabizwa ngokuba yi-VIP okanye i-VOP, sisithintelo esikhusela abantwana kwiintlobo ezi-3 ezahlukeneyo zentsholongwane ezibangela esi sifo, esidume ngokuba kukukhubazeka kosana, apho inkqubo yeemvakalelo inokuthotywa kwaye ikhokelele ekukhubazekeni kwamalungu kunye utshintsho lweemoto emntwaneni.

Ukukhusela ukosulelwa yintsholongwane yepoliyo, ingcebiso yoMbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi kunye noMbutho woGonyo waseBrazil kukunika idosi ezi-3 zesitofu se-VIP, esisitofu esinikwa ngenaliti, ukuya kuthi ga kwiinyanga ezi-6 nokuba amathamo ama-2 ngaphezulu kuthathwe de kubeyiminyaka emi-5, enokuba ngomlomo, esisigonyo seVOP, okanye inaliti, yeyona ndlela ifanelekileyo.

Ulifumana nini iyeza lokugonya

Iyeza lokuthintela ukukhubazeka komntwana kufuneka lenziwe ukusuka kwiiveki ezi-6 ubudala ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka emi-5 ubudala. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abangenalo olu gonyo banokugonywa, nokuba sebekhulile. Ke ngoko, ugonyo olupheleleyo malunga nepoliyo kufuneka luhambisane nale shedyuli ilandelayo:

• Idosi yokuqala: kwiinyanga ezi-2 ngenaliti (VIP);
• Idosi yesibini: kwiinyanga ezi-4 ngenaliti (VIP);
• Idosi yesithathu: kwiinyanga ezi-6 ngenaliti (VIP);
• Ukuqiniswa kokuqala: phakathi kweenyanga ezili-15 nezili-18, ezinokubangelwa kukugonya ngomlomo (OPV) okanye ngenaliti (VIP);
• Ukuqiniswa kwe2nd: phakathi kweminyaka emi-4 ukuya kwemi-5, enokubangelwa kukugonya ngomlomo (OPV) okanye ngenaliti (VIP).

Nangona isitofu sokugonya somlomo singesosimo sokuthintela utshintsho lwe-immunological, kunokubakho ukusebenza kwentsholongwane kwaye kukhokelela kwisifo, ngakumbi ukuba iidosi zokuqala khange zithathwe. Kwelinye icala, isitofu esitofwayo senziwe yintsholongwane engasebenziyo, oko kukuthi, ayinakho ukukhuthaza esi sifo.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ishedyuli yokugonya iyalandelwa, ukusetyenziswa kwesitofu sokugonya se-VOP njengesikhuthazi ngexesha lephulo lokugonya kuthathwa njengokukhuselekileyo. Bonke abantwana ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka emihlanu ubudala kufuneka bathathe inxaxheba kwinkqubo yokugonya ipoliyo kwaye kubalulekile ukuba abazali beze nencwadana yokugonya ukurekhoda ulawulo lwezitofu zokugonya. Iyeza lokugonya ipoliyo lisimahla kwaye linikezelwa yiNkqubo eManyeneyo yezeMpilo, kwaye kufuneka lisetyenziswe kumaziko ezempilo yingcali yezempilo.

Kufuneka ukuba amalungiselelo abe njani

Ukuze uthathe iyeza lesitofu (i-VIP), akukho lungiselelo lukhethekileyo luyimfuneko, nangona kunjalo, ukuba umntwana ufumana iyeza lokutofa ngomlomo (OPV), kuyacetyiswa ukuba uyeke ukuncancisa ukuya kuthi ga kwiyure enye kwangaphambili, ukuthintela umngcipheko wegalufa. Ukuba usana luyahlanza okanye igalufa emva kogonyo, kufuneka kuthathwe idosi entsha ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko.

Xa ungathathi

Isitofu sokugonya sepoliyo akufuneki ukuba sinikezelwe kubantwana abanamajoni omzimba abuthathaka, abangelwa zizifo ezinjengoGawulayo, umhlaza okanye emva kokufakwa komzimba, umzekelo. Kwezi meko, abantwana kufuneka baye kugqirha wabantwana kuqala, kwaye ukuba okokugqibela kubonisa ukugonyelwa ipoliyo, iyeza lokugonya kufuneka lenziwe kumaZiko aBodwa aQhagamsheleneyo nge-Immunobiological.

Ukongeza, ugonyo kufuneka lubekelwe elinye ixesha ukuba uyagula, ukugabha okanye urhudo, njengoko isitofu sokugonya singenakufunxwa, kwaye akukwacetyiswa nokuba kubantwana abaphuhlise ipoliyo emva kolawulo lwayo nayiphi na idosi yesitofu sokugonya.

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokwenzeka zokugonya

Iyeza lokukhubazeka lobuntwana kunqabile ukuba libe neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, umkhuhlane, ukukhubazeka, urhudo kunye nentloko inokwenzeka. Ukuba umntwana uqala ukubonisa iimpawu zokukhubazeka, nto leyo enqabileyo kakhulu, abazali kufuneka bamse esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza. Jonga ukuba zeziphi iimpawu eziphambili zepoliyo.

Ukongeza kolu gonyo, umntwana kufuneka athathe ezinye ezinje, umzekelo, isitofu sokugonya iHepatitis B okanye iRotavirus, umzekelo. Yazi ishedyuli epheleleyo yokugonya umntwana.