Unxibelelwano phakathi kweziyobisi kunye nokutya: ziyintoni kwaye ungazithintela njani

Umxholo

• 1. Amachiza oxinzelelo lwegazi
• 2. womchamo
• 3. iziyobisi Antiarrhythmic
• 4. Ii-anticoagulants zomlomo
• 5. I-anti-hypercholesterolemics
• 6. Ii-antidiabetics zomlomo
• 7. Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane
• 8. Amayeza okulwa noxinzelelo
• 9. Iipilisi zentlungu kunye ne-anti-inflammatories
• 10. Iibronchodilators
• 11. ILevothyroxine
• 12. Iintsholongwane
• 13. IiBisphosphonates
• Isisu sepH sichaphazela njani amayeza
• Kufuneka wenze ntoni ngaphambi kokuqala naliphi na iyeza

Ukutya ukutya kunye neziselo kunye nezinye iintlobo zamayeza kunokuchaphazela indlela ezisebenza ngayo ezi ziyobisi, zibathintele ekubeni nefuthe elilindelekileyo okanye bandise amathuba okubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Nangona kunjalo, ayilulo lonke unxibelelwano olubi, kuba amanye amayeza, xa ethathwa kunye nokutya, anokuba nokuphuculwa kokufakwa kwawo, okunyusa ukusebenza konyango.

Ke ngoko, xa uqala ukuthatha iyeza elitsha okanye unyango olude, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ulandele zonke iingcebiso zonyango zonyango olukhuselekileyo nolusebenzayo, kubandakanya neengcebiso zokondla.

Unxibelelwano phakathi kwamayeza kunye nokutya luxhomekeke kudidi lwamayeza asetyenzisiweyo:

1. Amachiza oxinzelelo lwegazi

Amachiza oxinzelelo lwegazi ziindlela eziphambili ezisetyenziselwa ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi kuba ziyayiphumlisa imithambo yegazi, iququzelela ukujikeleza kwegazi kwaye incede intliziyo ukuba yenze umzamo omncinci wokumpompa.

La machiza anokwahlulwa-hlulwa abe ziiklasi ezi-3 kwaye, ngokuxhomekeke kwiklasi, kuya kufuneka ukhathalelo oluthile:

• I-Angiotensin-eguqula i-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, ezinje nge-captopril, i-enalapril, i-lisinopril okanye i-ramipril: ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kokutya kunye ne-potassium kufuneka kuthintelwe, njengoko la machiza ebangela ukwanda kule minerali egazini, enokuthi ikhokelele ekubonakaleni kweziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinjengobuthathaka bemisipha okanye ukubetha kwentliziyo ngendlela engaqhelekanga . Kwimeko ye-captopril, ngakumbi, kubalulekile ukuthatha iyeza kwisisu esingenanto, kuba ukutya kunciphisa ukufunxeka kwayo;
• Ibhlokhi yeBeta ezifana nepropranolol, i-carvedilol kunye ne-metoprolol: izongezo okanye ukutya okunotye kwi-calcium kufuneka kuthintelwe, kuba le minerali inokunciphisa ukusebenza kwala machiza. Umgangatho ofanelekileyo kukuthatha amayeza kwiiyure ezi-2 emva kokutya oku kutya okanye izongezo. Kwimeko yepropranolol okanye i-metoprolol, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uthathe ipilisi kunye okanye ngokukhawuleza emva kwesidlo ukuphucula ukufunxwa kunye nokusebenza konyango;
• Isithinteli seCalcium blocker ezinje nge-nifedipine, amlodipine, nicardipine, verapamil kunye ne-diltiazem: izongezo okanye ukutya okunotye kwi-calcium kufuneka kuthintelwe, njengoko le minerali inciphisa ukusebenza kwezi antihypertensives.

Ukongeza, ijusi yeziqhamo, eyaziwa ngokuba yi i-grapefruit, kufuneka ithintelwe ngexesha lonyango olunamachiza oxinzelelo lwegazi kuba kunciphisa umsebenzi we-enzyme enoxanduva lokucutha la machiza, anokubangela ukwanda kweziphumo ebezingalindelekanga okanye ukunxila.

2. womchamo

I-diuretics ngamachiza aqhelekileyo asetyenziselwa ukunyanga uxinzelelo lwegazi, ukusilela kwentliziyo okanye ukuqokelelana kolwelo kunye nomsebenzi ngokwandisa ukupheliswa kwamanzi kumchamo.

Ezinye iindlela zokuthintela ukhuseleko kwabo basebenzisa ezi ndlela zonyango zezi:

• Sebenzisa izongezo zamaminerali: ngakumbi kwimeko ye-diuretics ekwasusa neetyuwa ezibalulekileyo ezifana ne-potassium, i-magnesium okanye i-calcium. Olu hlobo lokuncedisa kufuneka luboniswe ngugqirha;
• Thatha iiyure ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-2 ngaphambi kokutya: ezinye i-diuretics, ezinjenge-bumetanide, i-furosemide kunye ne-hydrochlorothiazide, zinokungabinakho ukufunxa xa zifunxa ukutya;
• Kuphephe ukusebenzisa izityalo ezingamayeza: Ezinye izityalo ezingamayeza ezifana necascara engcwele, i-foxglove, i-hawthorn emhlophe, ingcambu yedandelion, i-ginseng, i-mackerel, i-licorice, i-grisi ye-grisi, i-alder kunye ne-St. John's wort, inokunyusa umngcipheko weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ze-diuretics.

Ukongeza, ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kwe-diuretics, umntu kufuneka aphephe ukusebenzisa i-licorice njengoko oku kutya kunokunciphisa ukusebenza konyango.

3. iziyobisi Antiarrhythmic

Amachiza e-antiarrhythmic asetyenziselwa ukunyanga isifo sentliziyo njengokungaphumeleli kwentliziyo okanye i-arrhythmia, njengoko zisenza ngokwandisa amandla okucuthwa kwentliziyo. Kule klasi yeziyobisi, esetyenziswa kakhulu yi-digoxin.

I-Digoxin ine-index ye-therapeutic index, oko kukuthi, ukuhluka okuncinci kwidosi kunokubangela iziphumo ezibi kakhulu. Ke ngoko, ukuze unyango lukhuseleke, ezinye iindlela zokuthintela kufuneka zilandelwe, ezinje:

• Gwema ukutya okuphezulu, ezinje ngqolowa yengqolowa, ihabile, irayisi emdaka, ibroccoli okanye iminqathe, umzekelo, njengoko benciphisa ukufunxwa kwe-digoxin, kunciphisa ukusebenza kwayo. Eyona nto ifanelekileyo kukuthatha i-digoxin iyure eli-1 ngaphambi okanye iiyure ezi-2 emva kwesidlo kwaye ulandele isazi sezondlo esinokubonisa eyona ndlela yokunciphisa ukutya kwakho ifayibha ngaphandle kokonakalisa impilo yakho. Jonga uluhlu lokutya okunotye kwifayibha ekufuneka kuthintelwe ngokusetyenziswa kwe-digoxin;
• Gwema ukuxhaswa kunye nokutya okunotye kwi-vitamin Dngenxa yokuba le vithamini inokunyusa inani le-calcium egazini, ekhokelela kwiziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ze-digoxin, ezinokubangela ukunxila ngeempawu zokozela, ukudimazeka, ukudideka, isicaphucaphu, ukugabha, urhudo, iintlungu zesisu, ukungaboni kakuhle okanye ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokungaqhelekanga;
• Gwema ijusi yeediliya okanye i-grapefruit, kuba incindi yesi siqhamo inokunyusa uxinzelelo lwe-digoxin egazini kwaye ibangele ukunxila okanye ukugqithisa.

Ukusetyenziswa kwe-Digoxin kufuneka kubekwe esweni kwaye kubekwe esweni rhoqo yi-cardiologist ukulungisa idosi xa kukho imfuneko, ukuvavanya ukusebenza konyango kwaye kuthintele ukubonakala kweziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

4. Ii-anticoagulants zomlomo

Ii-anticoagulants zomlomo, ezinje nge-warfarin okanye i-acenocoumarol, iyacothisa inkqubo yokujiya kwegazi, eyenza ukuba igazi libe lulwelo ngakumbi, ukunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki zentliziyo efana nokubetha, isifo sentliziyo okanye itrombosis.

La machiza, ngakumbi i-warfarin, asebenza ngokuthintela ivithamin K, eyona vithamini iphambili ethatha inxaxheba kwinkqubo yokunqanda igazi. Ngesi sizathu, ukutya okunotyebileyo kule vithamini kwenza ukuba i-warfarin ingasebenzi kakuhle, kuthintelwe ukusetyenziswa kwezongezo okanye ukutya okutyebileyo kwi-vitamin K efana ne-broccoli, ikhaphetshu, i-kale, isipinatshi, itheniphu kunye ne-brussels sprouts, umzekelo. Jonga uluhlu olupheleleyo lokutya okunothe nge-vitamin K ekufuneka kuthintelwe.

I-Warfarin inokuthathwa kwisisu esigcweleyo okanye esingenanto, nangona kunjalo, kuya kufuneka uyiphephe ukuyithatha ngejusi yeblueberry, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi i-cranberry, okanye umgubo i-cranberry zomile kwiifomsile, iirharnate, ijusi ye-blackcurrant kunye neoyile yembewu emnyama, njengoko zinokunyusa ifuthe le-warfarin kwaye zonyuse umngcipheko wokopha okanye wokopha.

5. I-anti-hypercholesterolemics

Unyango lwe-anti-hypercholesterolemic, ekwabizwa ngokuba zii-statins, ngamachiza asebenza ngokunciphisa i-cholesterol embi kunye ne-triglycerides yegazi, njenge-simvastatin, i-lovastatin, i-fluvastatin, i-pravastatin, i-rosuvastatin okanye i-atorvastatin.

Ezinye iindlela ezibalulekileyo zokutya xa usebenzisa olu hlobo lwamayeza zezi:

• Thatha ebusuku, ngenxa yokuba ukudityaniswa kwecholesterol ngumzimba kuyahluka emini, kufikelela kwinqanaba eliphezulu phakathi kwaphakathi kobusuku ukuya kwi-5 okanye ngo-6 kusasa;
• Gwema ukutya okunotye kwifayibha okanye i-pectin, njengoko zinokuphazamisa ukufunxwa kwee-statins;
• Kuphephe ukusela ijusi yeediliya okanye i-grapefruit ngakumbi xa usebenzisa i-atorvastatin, i-lovastatin okanye i-simvastatin, njengoko le jusi inyusa amanqanaba ala machiza egazini kunye nomngcipheko weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinjengeentlungu zomzimba, ubuthathaka obugqithisileyo, umkhuhlane, umkhuhlane okanye umchamo omnyama.

Eminye imimiselo efana ne-fluvastatin, ipravastatin kunye ne-rosuvastatin azisebenzisani nejusi yeziqhamo zegrape kwaye zinomngcipheko ophantsi weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

6. Ii-antidiabetics zomlomo

I-antidiabetics yomlomo, efana ne-metformin, i-glimepiride, i-acarbose okanye i-glipizide, isebenza ngokunciphisa amanqanaba eglucose egazini ukulawula isifo seswekile kwaye ke kuthintele iingxaki zesi sifo.

I-Metformin, i-glimepiride okanye i-glibenclamide, i-acarbose kufuneka ithathwe kwangoko ekuqaleni kwesidlo esifana nesidlo sakusasa okanye isidlo sokuqala sosuku, umzekelo. I-glipizide ekhutshwa kwangoko, i-glimepiride, i-glibenclamide okanye i-gliclazide kufuneka inikwe imizuzu engama-30 ngaphambi kokutya ukuze isebenze kakuhle.

7. Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane

Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ngamachiza asetyenziselwa ukunyanga usulelo olubangelwa ziintsholongwane kwaye asebenza ngokuthintela ukwanda okanye ukubulala iintsholongwane ezibangele isifo.

Xa usebenzisa isibulali zintsholongwane, kubalulekile ukusoloko usithatha ngeglasi yamanzi, njengoko iimveliso zobisi ezinje ngobisi kunye neemveliso zobisi ziqukethe iiminerali, ezinje ngecalcium kunye nemagniziyam, ethintela ukufunxeka kwayo, isuse ukusebenza kwayo. Ukongeza, izongezo ezineeminerali akufuneki zithathwe ngaxeshanye nokusetyenziswa kwe -antibiotic, ubuncinci iiyure ze-2 phakathi kwe-antibiotic kunye nesongezelelo.

Ezinye iindlela zokukhusela kunye nezinye i-antibiotics zibandakanya:

• ICiprofloxacino: kunqande ukuyithatha ngejusi yeziqhamo, njengoko kunciphisa ukufunxwa kwaleyeza lokubulala iintsholongwane, kwaye kuya kufuneka ulinde iiyure ezi-2 phakathi kokufaka iyeza kunye nokutya uhlobo oluthile lwencindi yeziqhamo;
• I-Azithromycin: kufuneka ithathwe kwisisu esingenanto, njengoko ukutya kunciphisa ukufunxeka kwayo. Into efanelekileyo kukuthatha la mayeza iyure eli-1 ngaphambi okanye iiyure ezi-2 emva kokutya;
• I-Tetracycline, i-doxycycline okanye i-minocycline: kufuneka zithathwe ngaphandle kwesisu ukuze ziphucule ukufunxeka kwazo, ke, ubuncinci iiyure ze-2 kufuneka zidlule phakathi kokutya kunye nedosi yentsholongwane;
• Iipenicillin, ezinjenge-amoxicillin okanye i-ampicillin: kufuneka ithathwe ekuqaleni kwesidlo esilula ukunciphisa ukucaphuka kwesisu. Nangona kunjalo, kuphephe ukutya ukutya okufana nobisi kunye neemveliso zobisi kunye nala magciwane;
• I-Erythromycin: kufuneka ithathwe isisu esingenanto njengoko ukutya kunciphisa ukufunxwa kwale ntsholongwane. Ngokufanelekileyo, thatha eli yeza kwimizuzu engama-30 ngaphambi okanye kwiiyure ezi-2 emva kokutya.

Kukwabalulekile ukunqanda ukusela iziselo ezinxilisayo ngexesha lonyango ngalo naluphi na uhlobo lweyeza lokubulala iintsholongwane, kuba utywala bunokwenzakalisa isibindi kwaye buphazamise imetabolism ye-antibiotics, ebangela ukwehla kwesiphumo, ukunxila okanye ukwanda kweziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

8. Amayeza okulwa noxinzelelo

Ukudakumba iziyobisi ziziyobisi ezisetyenziselwa ukunyanga uxinzelelo, uxinzelelo, isifo sengqondo, uxinzelelo okanye ukuphazamiseka kokulala, umzekelo.

Zininzi iindlela zokuthintela uxinzelelo, kodwa phakathi kwazo kukho iklasi efuna ukhathalelo oluthile lokutya. Eli klasi libizwa ngokuba yi-monoaminoxidase inhibitors kwaye libandakanya i-amitriptyline, clomipramine, imipramine, phenelzine, tranylcypromine, isocarboxazide okanye selegiline. La machiza anokusebenzisana nokutya okuqukethe i-tyramine kwaye kubangele ingxaki yoxinzelelo lwegazi kunye neempawu zesiyezi, ukwanda kwemveliso yokubila, ukudinwa okugqithisileyo, ukungaboni kakuhle, uvalo, ukuphazamiseka, intloko ebuhlungu kunye nentlungu entanyeni.

I-Tyramine inokufumaneka ngakumbi kukutya okunotyiweyo okanye kukutya okudala okufana noshizi onyangiweyo, ibhekoni, iisoseji, isalami, ham, isipinatshi, ikhaphetshu, isosi yesosi, ibhiya kunye newayini, umzekelo. Oku kutya kufuneka kuthintelwe ngexesha lonyango lwe-monoamine oxidase inhibitors.

9. Iipilisi zentlungu kunye ne-anti-inflammatories

Iipilisi zentlungu kunye neziyobisi ezichasayo zisetyenziselwa ukunyanga iintlungu ezinobushushu ukuya kumodareyitha kwaye zinokunxibelelana nokutya okuthile:

• IParacetamol: kufuneka ithathwe ngaphandle kwesisu esingenanto kuba ukutya, ngakumbi oko kune-pectin, kunokunciphisa ukufunxeka kwabo, kunciphise ukusebenza kwazo. Ukongeza, umntu kufuneka akuphephe ukusebenzisa iziselo ezinxilisayo kuba kunokubangela ityhefu yesibindi kwaye kuququzelele ukubonakala kwesibindi okanye unyango lwe-hepatitis. Jonga uluhlu lokutya okutyebileyo kwi-pectin ekufuneka kuthintelwe.
• Acetylsalicylic acid, ibuprofen, naproxen kunye ketoprofen: kufuneka kuthathwe kunye nokutya ukunqanda ukucaphuka kwesisu.

Ukongeza, ezinye izityalo zonyango ezifana neSt.

10. Iibronchodilators

Iibronchodilators sisiyobisi esisetyenziselwa ukunyanga nokukhusela uhlaselo kubantu abaneengxaki zokuphefumla ezifana nesifuba, i-bronchitis engapheliyo, i-emphysema okanye isifo esinganyangekiyo semiphunga.

Ezinye iindlela zokuthintela ukutya, ngakumbi xa usebenzisa i-bronchodilators ixesha elide, zezi:

• Kuphephe ngesityalo esinganyangekiyo se foxglove kuba inokunyusa iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ze-bronchodilators okanye ibangele ukunxila;
• Kuphephe ukutya ukutya neziselo eziqulathe icaffeine, ezinje ngekofu, iti eluhlaza, iti emnyama, itshokholethi, iziselo ezihlwahlwazayo okanye iziselo ezinamandla, njengoko zinokwandisa umngcipheko weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, ezinje ngokuxokozela, ukoyika okanye ukubetha kwentliziyo okukhawulezayo;
• Kulumkele ukusela utywala, ikakhulu ekusetyenzisweni kwe-theophylline kuba utywala bunokunyusa umngcipheko weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, ezinjengokugabha, ukugabha, intloko ebuhlungu okanye ukucaphuka.

Ezinye ii-bronchodilators, ngakumbi i-salbutamol kunye ne-theophylline, xa zisetyenziselwa ixesha elide, zinokubangela ukwanda kokulahleka kwezimbiwa ezifana ne-calcium, i-magnesium kunye ne-potassium kwaye, ngenxa yoko, ukusetyenziswa kwezongezo eziboniswe ngugqirha kunokuba yimfuneko.

11. ILevothyroxine

I-Levothyroxine yihomoni ye-thyroid eyenziweyo esetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-hypothyroidism okanye xa kukho ukunqongophala kwale hormone egazini.

La mayeza kufuneka athathwe esiswini esingenanto, njengoko ukutya kunciphisa ukufunxeka kwawo, kunciphisa ukusebenza kwawo. Ke kuyacetyiswa ukuba uthathe i-levothyroxine kusasa kwisisu esingenanto, ubuncinci imizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwengama-60 ngaphambi kwesidlo sakusasa.

12. Iintsholongwane

Iiarhente ze-Antineoplastic ziziyobisi ezisetyenziselwa unyango lomhlaza kwaye zinokuncitshiswa kokusebenza kwazo ukuba zithathwa kunye nokutya okuthile. Eminye imizekelo yile:

• Tamoxifen: umntu kufuneka aphephe ukutya ukutya kunye neemveliso zesoya njengoko zinciphisa isenzo se-tamoxifen, ukunciphisa ukusebenza kwayo kunyango lomhlaza wamabele;
• Imercaptopurine: kufuneka uthathwe ungatyanga kwaye uhlala uneglasi yamanzi, ungaze ubisi. Ukutya kunciphisa ukufunxeka kwayo, kunciphisa ukusebenza kweyeza leukemia. Eyona nto ilungileyo kukuthatha eli yeza kwiyure eli-1 ngaphambi okanye kwiiyure ezi-2 emva kokutya;
• ICapecitabine: kufuneka ithathwe kwisithuba semizuzu engama-30 emva kokutya, njengoko ukutya kuphucula ukufunxeka kwayo, okunyusa ukusebenza ngempumelelo konyango lomhlaza wamabele, wamathumbu okanye wesisu.

Xa uqala unyango lomhlaza, i-oncologist okanye i-oncology pharmacist kufuneka icebise ngokunxibelelana kwee-antineoplastic agents ngokutya ngokukodwa, ngokweyeza kunye nohlobo lonyango.

13. IiBisphosphonates

I-Bisphosphonates iziyobisi ezisetyenziselwa ukuthintela kunye nokunyanga izifo ezahlukeneyo zamathambo, ezinje nge-osteoporosis, umhlaza onethambo le-metastasis, ukwanda kwe-calcium egazini okanye kwi-myeloma eninzi.

La machiza kufuneka athathwe esiswini esingenanto, ubuncinci imizuzu engama-30 ngaphambi kokutya, kuba ubukho bokutya kwindawo yokugaya kunciphisa ukufunxwa kwaye kunciphise ukusebenza konyango.

Isisu sepH sichaphazela njani amayeza

Amanye amayeza axhomekeke kwi-pH yesisu ukuze isebenze ngokufanelekileyo, njenge-omeprazole okanye i-esomeprazole, umzekelo, efuna isisu esiswini ukuba sisebenze kwaye senze isenzo sayo, kwaye kufuneka sithathwe ngaphandle kwesisu.

Omnye umzekelo olungileyo zii-antifungals, ezinje nge-ketoconazole, esebenza kakuhle xa kukho i-pH ene-asidi esiswini. Kule meko, kunokucetyiswa ukuba ukhethe ukuthatha iyeza emva kwesidlo kunye nokutya okune-asidi, njengeqanda, itshizi okanye intlanzi. Ukongeza, kuyacetyiswa ukunqanda ukusebenzisa amayeza antacid, umzekelo.

Ngokunjalo, iiprobiotic zisebenza ngcono xa kukho imeko yeasidi ethe chatha esiswini. Ke ngoko, icebo elilungileyo kukuthatha iprobiotic emva kwesidlo esincinci, njengokutya okulula kwasekuseni, ekukhethwa ukuba kube nokutya okukhuthaza i-asidi emodareyithi, njengobisi okanye iyogathi. Jonga uluhlu olupheleleyo lokutya okuyintloko.

Kwiimeko apho iyeza linokuthi isenzo salo sincitshiswe sisisu esiswini okanye sinokubangela isisu, ithebhulethi okanye iphilisi inokuba nokutyabeka, okubizwa ngokuba kukufakwa kwe-enteric, ukuze iyeza lifunxwe ngqo emathunjini, kuthintelwe ukusebenza okunciphisiweyo kunye necala Iziphumo ezifana nokuqaqamba kwentliziyo, ukuvutha kwemvakalelo okanye iintlungu zesisu, umzekelo.

Kufuneka wenze ntoni ngaphambi kokuqala naliphi na iyeza

Ezinye iingcebiso ezibalulekileyo xa uqala ukusebenzisa amayeza zibandakanya:

• Ngamaxesha onke thatha amayeza ngeglasi yamanzi, uphephe iijusi okanye ubisi;
• Buza ugqirha okanye usokhemesti malunga nokutya okunokuthi okanye kungatyiwa ngexesha lonyango;
• Soloko ulandela izikhokelo zonyango malunga neeshedyuli zamayeza kunye nokuba ngaba amayeza kufuneka athathwe esiswini esipheleleyo okanye esingenanto;
• Tshela ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza ukuba unemiphumo emibi.

Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukwazisa ugqirha ngawo onke amayeza, izityalo zonyango okanye izongezo zokutya ezisetyenziselwa ukunqanda ukwanda okanye ukunciphisa ukusebenza kweyeza.