Usasazeka phi uMhlaza weSifuba?

Umxholo

• Iindidi zomhlaza wamabele ophindaphindiweyo
• Ziziphi iimpawu zesifo somhlaza webele?
• Amathambo
• Isibindi
• Amaphaphu
• Ingqondo
• Yintoni ebangela umhlaza webele wemastastatic?
• Ukuchonga umhlaza webele we-metastatic
• Ukunyanga umhlaza webele we-metastatic
• Ukuthatha
• Ngaba unokuwuthintela umhlaza webele we-metastatic?

Usasazeka phi umhlaza wamabele?

Umhlaza wemetastatic ngumhlaza osasazeke waya kwindawo eyahlukileyo yomzimba kunalapho uvela khona. Kwezinye iimeko, umhlaza usenokuba sele usasazeka ngexesha lokuxilongwa kokuqala. Ngamanye amaxesha, umhlaza usenokusasazeka emva konyango lokuqala.

Umzekelo, umntu oye wanyangwa umhlaza webele kwinqanaba lokuqala usenokufumanisa ukuba unomdlavuza ophindaphindiweyo wengingqi okanye wengingqi okanye umhlaza webele we-metastatic. Umhlaza ophindayo ngumhlaza obuya emva konyango lwakho lokuqala.

Ukuphindaphindeka kwemetastasis kunye nokuphindaphinda kwengingqi okanye kwengingqi kunokwenzeka phantse lonke uhlobo lomhlaza.

Iindawo eziqhelekileyo zokufumana umhlaza webele zezi:

• amathambo
• isibindi
• imiphunga
• ingqondo

Umhlaza webele we-Metastatic uthathwa njengomhlaza okwinqanaba eliphambili. Umhlaza we-metastasis okanye ukuphindaphinda kwendawo okanye kwengingqi kunokwenzeka kwiinyanga ukuya kwiminyaka emva konyango lokuqala lomhlaza wamabele.

Iindidi zomhlaza wamabele ophindaphindiweyo

Umhlaza wamabele unokuphinda ubuye ekuhlaleni, kwingingqi, okanye kude:

Umhlaza webele ophindaphindwayo wasekhaya kwenzeka xa kukho ithumba elitsha elivelayo ebeleni elalichaphazelekileyo ekuqaleni. Ukuba isifuba sisusiwe, ithumba lingakhula eludongeni lwesifuba okanye kulusu olukufuphi.

Umhlaza webele ophindaphindiweyo kwenzeka kwingingqi efanayo nomhlaza wokuqala. Kwimeko yomhlaza webele, oku kunokuba zii-lymph node ngaphezulu kwekhola okanye kwi-armpit.

Umhlaza webele ohlala uhleli kwenzeka xa iiseli zomhlaza zihambela kwelinye icandelo lomzimba. Le ndawo intsha ikude kakhulu nomhlaza wokuqala. Xa umhlaza ubuyela umva, uthathwa njengomhlaza we-metastatic.

Ziziphi iimpawu zesifo somhlaza webele?

Akuyena wonke umntu onomdlavuza webele onamava. Xa iimpawu zenzeka, ziyahluka. Iimpawu zixhomekeke kwindawo ye-metastasis kunye nobukhali bayo.

Amathambo

I-Metastasis emathanjeni inokubangela iintlungu zethambo.

Isibindi

I-Metastasis kwisibindi inokubangela:

• i-jaundice, okanye ukuba mthubi kwesikhumba kunye namhlophe ngamehlo
• ukucheba
• intlungu zesisu
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya
• isicaphucaphu
• ukugabha

Amaphaphu

I-Metastasis kwimiphunga inokubangela:

• ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo
• iintlungu zesifuba
• ukudinwa
• ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo

Ingqondo

I-Metastasis kwingqondo inokubangela:

• intloko ebukhali okanye uxinzelelo entloko
• Ukuphazamiseka okubonakalayo
• isicaphucaphu
• ukugabha
• intetho engacacanga
• utshintsho kubuntu okanye ekuziphatheni
• ukuxhuzula
• ubuthathaka
• ukuba ndindisholo
• ukukhubazeka
• ingxaki ngokulingana okanye ukuhamba

Iimpawu ezingacacanga ezinokuhamba kunye naluphi na uhlobo lomhlaza webele we-metastatic zibandakanya:

• ukudinwa
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya
• ukuhla ukusinda
• ifiva

Ezinye iimpawu zisenokungabangelwa ngumhlaza ngokwawo, kodwa ngonyango onokuba ufumene lona. Ukuba ufumana enye yezi mpawu, thetha nogqirha wakho. Banokukwazi ukucebisa unyango ukunciphisa ezinye iimpawu.

Yintoni ebangela umhlaza webele wemastastatic?

Unyango lomhlaza webele lenzelwe ukuphelisa naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza ezinokuhlala emva kotyando. Unyango olunokubakho lubandakanya i-radiation, unyango lwehomoni, unyango lwe-chemotherapy, kunye nonyango ekujolise kulo.

Ngamanye amaxesha, ezinye iiseli zomhlaza ziyasinda kolu nyango. Ezi iiseli zomhlaza zinokuqhekeka kwisisu sokuqala. Ezi seli ke zenza indlela yazo kwamanye amalungu omzimba ngenkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi okanye ye-lymphatic.

Nje ukuba iiseli zihlale ndaweni ithile emzimbeni, zinamandla okwenza ithumba elitsha. Oku kunokwenzeka ngokukhawuleza okanye kuphuhle iminyaka emva konyango lokuqala.

Ukuchonga umhlaza webele we-metastatic

Iimvavanyo ezininzi zisetyenziselwa ukuqinisekisa isifo somhlaza webele we-metastatic. Oku kubandakanya:

• IMRI
• Ukuskena i-CT
• X-reyi
• Ukuskena amathambo
• i-biopsy yethishu

Ukunyanga umhlaza webele we-metastatic

Akukho lunyango lomhlaza webele we-metastatic. Kukho unyango olujolise ekuthinteleni ukuqhubela phambili, ukunciphisa iimpawu, kunye nokuphucula umgangatho kunye nobude bobomi. Unyango lubodwa.

Baxhomekeke kuhlobo kunye nobungakanani bokuphindaphinda, uhlobo lomhlaza, unyango lwangaphambili olufunyenweyo, kunye nempilo yakho iyonke. Izinketho zonyango zingabandakanya:

• Unyango lwehomoni kwi-estrogen receptor-positive (ER-positive) umhlaza webele, lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lomhlaza webele
• ichemotherapy
• amayeza ajolise kwiiproteni ezithile kwiiseli zomhlaza ukuyeka ukukhula, ngamanye amaxesha kuthiwa lonyango ekujoliswe kulo
• iziyobisi ezakha amathambo ukunciphisa iintlungu zethambo kunye nokwandisa ukomelela kwethambo
• unyango lwemitha
• utyando

I-US Food and Drug Administration (i-FDA) yamkele ipalbociclib (Ibrance) yeziyobisi ngo-2015 ukuba isetyenziswe ngokudibeneyo ne-aromatase inhibitor. Olu dibaniso lusetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-ER-positive, i-HER2-negative metastatic cancer cancer kwi-postmenopausal women.

Olunye unyango olusetyenziswe kumhlaza webele onentsholongwane lubandakanya:

• iimodulators ezikhethiweyo ze-estrogen
• umgcini (Faslodex)
• ngonaphakade (Ummeli)
• I-PARP inhibitor, efana ne-olaparib (Lynparza)
• iziyobisi zokucinezela ii-ovari
• Ukupheliswa kwe-ovari ukunqanda ii-ovari ekuveliseni i-estrogen

Ukongeza kwi-chemotherapy, unyango lwe-HER2-positive metastatic cancer cancer ihlala ibandakanya unyango olujolise kwi-HER2 njenge:

• ipertuzumab (Perjeta)
• trastuzumab (Herceptin)
• i-ado-trastuzumab emtansine (iKadcyla)
• lapatinib (iTykerb)

Ukuthatha

Ukuthatha isigqibo sokuba loluphi ukhetho lonyango lokuqhubela phambili kufuna ulwazi kunye nokuqwalaselwa ngenyameko. Nangona kuya kufuneka usebenze nogqirha wakho ukuqonda ukhetho lwakho, ukhetho ekugqibeleni luxhomekeke kuwe. Njengoko ucinga ngamathuba, gcina ezi ngcebiso engqondweni:

• Musa ukukhawuleza kuyo nantoni na. Thatha ixesha lokujonga ukhetho lwakho, kwaye ufumane uluvo lwesibini ukuba kukho imfuneko.
• Yiza nomntu oza kudibana nogqirha wakho. Thatha amanqaku okanye ubuze ugqirha wakho ukuba unokurekhoda utyelelo lwakho. Oku kunokukunceda ukuba ungalibali nantoni na ekuxoxwa ngayo.
• Buza imibuzo. Ngaba ugqirha wakho uchaze zonke izibonelelo ezinokubakho, umngcipheko kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinxulumene nonyango ngalunye.
• Cinga ngovavanyo lwezonyango. Fumanisa ukuba ngaba kukho naziphi na iimvavanyo zonyango onokufanelekela kuzo. Kunokubakho ukhetho lonyango lokuvavanywa olufumanekayo kumhlaza wakho othile.

Nangona ukufumana ukuxilongwa ngumhlaza webele we-metastatic kunokuba nzima, kukho iindlela ezininzi zonyango ezinokunceda ukunciphisa iimpawu kunye nokwandisa ixesha lokuphila. Nangona lungekho unyango lwangoku, abanye abantu basetyhini baya kuhlala iminyaka emininzi benesifo somhlaza webele.

Uphando ngendlela yokumisa ukukhula kweeseli zomhlaza, ukonyusa amajoni omzimba, kunye nokuphazamisa umhlaza wesifo somhlaza kuyaqhubeka, kwaye iindlela zonyango ezintsha zinokufumaneka kwixesha elizayo.

Ngaba unokuwuthintela umhlaza webele we-metastatic?

Ayikho indlela ecacileyo yokuqinisekisa ukuba umhlaza wakho awuyi kuphinda uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde ulandele unyango emva kokunyanga, kodwa kukho amanyathelo ongayithatha anokunciphisa umngcipheko.

La manyathelo abandakanya:

• ukugcina ubunzima obunempilo
• ukuyeka ukutshaya
• ukuhlala usebenza
• ukutya iziqhamo kunye nemifuno (ubuncinci iikomityi ezi-2/2 imihla ngemihla), iimbotyi, iinkozo, iinkukhu kunye nentlanzi
• ukunciphisa ukutya kwakho inyama ebomvu kunye nokutya kuphela inyama ebomvu engaxutywanga
• ukunqanda ukutya okugqityiweyo kunye neswekile
• ukunciphisa ukusela utywala kwisiselo esinye ngemini kubafazi