Yonke into ekufuneka uyazi malunga noJohnson & Johnson's COVID-19 Vaccine

Umxholo

• Sisebenza njani isitofu sokugonya iJohnson & Johnson COVID-19?
• Sisebenza kangakanani isitofu sokugonya iJohnson & Johnson COVID-19?
• Isigulo esiMandundu se-COVID-19 kunye neDatha yokuFa
• Iintlobo ngeentlobo ze-COVID-19
• Zingaphi iidosi zesitofu sikaJohnson & Johnson COVID-19 osifunayo?
• Isitofu sokugonya sikaJohnson & Johnson sikuchaphazela njani ukuhanjiswa kwe-COVID-19?
• Uphengululo lwe

Ngomhla wama-26 kaFebruwari, ikomiti yeengcebiso ngogonyo lwe-FDA yavumelana ngamxhelo-mnye ukuba indulule isitofu sokugonya sikaJohnson & Johnson se-COVID-19 ukuba sisetyenziswe ngokungxamisekileyo. Oko kuthetha ukuba isitofu sokugonya-esifuna idosi enye kuphela-sinokulungela ukusetyenziswa e-US ukuphela kuka-Matshi, ngokweZiko loPhando kunye noMgaqo-nkqubo weSifo esosulelayo (CIDRAP).

Kodwa, isebenza kangakanani iyeza likaJohnson & Johnson le-COVID-19? Kwaye ithelekiswa njani nezinye izitofu ze-COVID-19 ezivela ePfizer naseModerna? Nantsi into ekufuneka uyazi.

Sisebenza njani isitofu sokugonya iJohnson & Johnson COVID-19?

Ukuba uqhelene nogonyo lwe-COVID-19 olwenziwe nguPfizer kunye neModerna, ke usenokuba uyazi ukuba zombini zizitofu zokugonya ze-mRNA. Oko kuthetha ukuba basebenza ngokufaka ikhowudi kwinxalenye yeprotein ye-spike ye-SARS-CoV-2 (icandelo lentsholongwane elinamathela kwiiseli zomzimba wakho) kwaye zisebenzise ezo ziqwenga zifakelweyo ukuqala impendulo yomzimba emzimbeni wakho ukuze yenze amajoni omzimba achasene nentsholongwane. (Jonga: Isebenza njani i-COVID-19 Vaccine?)

Isitofu sokugonya sikaJohnson & Johnson sisebenza ngokwahlukileyo. Enye into, akusiyo isitofu sokugonya se-mRNA. Sisigonyo se-adenovector, esithetha ukuba sisebenzisa intsholongwane engasebenziyo (kule meko, i-adenovirus, ebangela ingqele eqhelekileyo) njenge vector ukuhambisa iiprotein (kule meko, iprotein ye-spike evela kwi-SARS-CoV-2) umzimba wakho yamkela njengesoyikiso kwaye yenze izilwa-buhlungu ngokuchasene nayo, utshilo u-Brittany Busse, MD, ongumlawuli wezonyango wase-WorkCare.

Ngoku, usenokuba uyazibuza ukuba ingaba ukubeka “intsholongwane engasebenziyo” emzimbeni wakho kuya kukugulisa ungaqondanga, kodwa akuyi kuba njalo. "Intsholongwane engasebenziyo ayinakukuphindaphinda okanye ikwenze ugule," utshilo u-Abisola Olulade, MD, ugqirha oqinisekisiweyo webhodi yosapho eSharp Rees-Stealy Medical Group. Endaweni yoko, i-adenovirus kugonyo lukaJohnson & Johnson lwe-COVID-19 lusebenza nje njengomphathi (okanye "i-vector") ye-SARS-CoV-2's spike gene gene kwiiseli zakho, ibangela ukuba iiseli zenze iikopi zolo hlobo, uyacacisa. Cinga nge-spike protein gene njengeseti yemiyalelo yendlela umzimba wakho onokulwa ngayo ne-SARS-CoV-2, wongeza uGqirha Olulade. "Ezi proteni zeprotein zinokubonwa ngamajoni akho omzimba kwaye zikwenze ukuba uvelise izilwa-buhlungu eziza kukhusela kwi-COVID," ucacisa. (I-FYI: Umkhuhlane wokudubula usebenza ngendlela efanayo.)

Ngelixa le teknoloji yokugonya yahlukile kuleyo kaPfizer neModerna, ayisiyiyo ingcamango yenoveli. Ugonyo lwe-COVID lwe-Oxford kunye ne-AstraZeneca's COVID- olwavunywa ukuba lusetyenziswe kwi-EU nase-UK ngoJanuwari (i-FDA okwangoku ilinde idatha evela kulingo lwezonyango lwe-AstraZeneca ngaphambi kokuqwalasela isigunyaziso sase-US, INew York Times iingxelo) - isebenzisa iteknoloji ye-adenovirus efanayo. UJohnson & Johnson uye wasebenzisa iteknoloji ukwenza isitofu sokugonya i-Ebola, ebonakaliswe ukuba ikhuselekile kwaye iyasebenza ekuveliseni impendulo yokuzivikela emzimbeni.

Sisebenza kangakanani isitofu sokugonya iJohnson & Johnson COVID-19?

Kulingo olukhulu lweklinikhi oluphantse lube ngama-44,000 abantu, iyeza likaJohnson & Johnson's COVID-19 liboniswe lisebenza ngeepesenti ezingama-66 lilonke ekuthinteleni okuphakathi (okuchazwa njengonempawu enye okanye ezingaphezulu ze-COVID-19) ukuya kubunzima be-COVID-19 (ephawulwa yi-COVID-19). ukwamkelwa kwi-ICU, ukungaphumeleli kokuphefumula, okanye ukungaphumeleli kwamalungu, phakathi kwezinye izinto) iintsuku ezingama-28 emva kokugonywa, ngokutsho koshicilelo lwenkampani. (Idatha "iya kufakwa kwijenali ephononongwe ngoontanga kwiiveki ezizayo," utshilo ushicilelo lweendaba.)

UJohnson noJohnson bakwabelana ngelokuba inqanaba lokugonya lokuzikhusela kwi-COVID elilinganiselweyo yayiyiipesenti ezingama-72 e-US, iipesenti ezingama-66 eLatin America, kunye neepesenti ezingama-57 eMzantsi Afrika (ethe yadityaniswa, ikunika iipesenti ezingama-66 zeqondo lokusebenza) . Ukuba la manani abonakala ngathi ayathandeki, kufanelekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba, ngokuthelekisa, umkhuhlane udubula kuphela ngama-40 ukuya kuma-60 epesenti esebenzayo ekukhuseleni umzimba kumkhuhlane, kodwa isadlala indima enkulu ekunciphiseni ukulaliswa esibhedlele kunye nokufa, utshilo UGqirha Olulade. (Eyeleleneyo: Ngaba i-Flu Shot inokukukhusela kwi-coronavirus?)

Isigulo esiMandundu se-COVID-19 kunye neDatha yokuFa

Ekuqaleni, izinga lokusebenza lokugonya likaJohnson & Johnson leepesenti ezingama-66 linokubonakala ngathi liphantsi, ngakumbi xa ulithelekisa namazinga okusebenza asuka eModerna (iipesenti ezingama-94.5 ezisebenzayo) kunye nePfizer (“ngaphezulu kweepesenti ezingama-90 ezisebenzayo,” ngokutsho kwenkampani). Kodwa ukuba umba nzulu, idatha kaJohnson & Johnson yenza bonisa iziphumo ezithembisayo ngakumbi, ngakumbi xa kufikwa kwezona meko zinzima ze-COVID-19.

Kuyo yonke imimandla, iyeza lokugonya lalikhona Iipesenti ezingama-85 zisebenza kakuhle ekuthinteleni i-COVID-19 ebukhali, ngokweendaba zikaJohnson & Johnson. Ngapha koko, inkampani yaphawula ukuba iyeza layo lokugonya libonisa "ukhuseleko olugqibeleleyo ngokuchasene nokulaliswa esibhedlele kunye nokufa okunxulumene ne-COVID" kwiintsuku ezingama-28 emva kokugonywa, "ngaphandle kweemeko ezichaziweyo" zokulaliswa esibhedlele okanye ukufa phakathi kwabo bafumene iyeza likaJohnson & Johnson.

Ngokumalunga neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, uJohnson & Johnson bathi iyeza labo le-COVID "linyamezeleke kakuhle" kubo bonke abathathi-nxaxheba kulingo. Idatha yokuqala yenkampani iphakamisa ukuba isitofu sokugonya sinokubangela "iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinesidima esihambelana nokugonywa," kubandakanya ukudinwa, intloko ebuhlungu, ukukhathazeka kwezihlunu, kunye nentlungu yendawo yenaliti.

Iintlobo ngeentlobo ze-COVID-19

Ngokungafaniyo nezifundo zikaPfizer kunye neModerna, ityala lokugonya likaJohnson & Johnson libandakanya iziphumo kwimimandla emininzi-kubandakanya nezo zisandula ukubona ukuphakama kwamatyala e-COVID abangelwa kukuvela kwentsholongwane. UGqr. Olulade uthi: “[Ezi zinto zahlukileyo] zazingakhange zibalasele ngexesha lokufundwa kwezitofu zangaphambili. Ewe, abaphandi ngoku bajonge indlela esebenza ngayo konke Amachiza e-COVID-19 anokukhusela umzimba kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-COVID-19. Okwangoku, uGqirha Busse uthi umahluko wase-UK "akunakwenzeka ukuba ube yinkxalabo kwizitofu zokugonya ze-COVID." Nangona kunjalo, uyongeza, apho ngu Uqikelelo lokuba ukwahluka kwe-COVID evela eMzantsi Afrika naseBrazil “kunokutshintsha indlela amajoni omzimba adibana ngayo nentsholongwane” kwaye kunokwenza ezo zithinteli zikhuseleke ukuba “zingasebenzi kakuhle.” (Idibeneyo: Kutheni le nto ii-COVID-19 zeStrins zisasazeka ngokukhawuleza?)

Oko kwathiwa, ngelixa isitofu sokugonya singenakukuthintela ukusuleleka yi-COVID-19 ngokupheleleyo, kubonakala ngathi kuyabanceda abantu ukuba baphephe eyona ntsholongwane. "Oko kuthetha ukuba inamandla okunciphisa umthwalo kwinkqubo yethu yokhathalelo lwezempilo kwaye isisondeza koko kukhanya ekupheleni kwetonela," utshilo uGqr Olulade.

"Kukwabalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ngokukhawuleza sinokufumana ugonyo lwabantu, iinguqu ezimbalwa kufuneka intsholongwane iguqule kwaye iphindaphinde," wongeza uGqr Olulade. "Yiyo loo nto kufuneka ukuba wonke umntu [agonyiwe] ngokukhawuleza."

Zingaphi iidosi zesitofu sikaJohnson & Johnson COVID-19 osifunayo?

Ngaphandle kokusebenza kogonyo ngokwalo, iingcali zithi ugonyo lukaJohnson & Johnson lwe-COVID luyathembisa kuba lufuna udubulo olunye, ngelixa ugonyo lukaPfizer kunye neModerna lufuna izitofu ezimbini ezahlulwe ziiveki ezimbalwa.

UGqr. Olulade uthi: “Ngokwenene oku kunokuba kukutshintsha umdlalo. "Siyabona ukuba ezinye izigulana, ngelishwa, azibuyeli kwidosi yazo yesibini," ke le ndlela inye neyenziweyo inokuguqula iyeza lokugonya ngokubanzi.

Enye into ephambili kugonyo lukaJohnson & Johnson lwe-COVID? Ngokucacileyo iidosi zilula ukugcina nokusasaza kunePfizer kunye nezitofu zokugonya zikaModerna, enkosi kusetyenziso lweJ&J lwetekhnoloji yogonyo lwe-adenovector. "I-Adenovirus [kwisitofu sokugonya sikaJohnson & Johnson] inexabiso eliphantsi kwaye ayikho buthathaka [njenge-mRNA kwizitofu zokugonya zePfizer kunye neModerna]," le yokugqibela ifuna ukugcinwa kumaqondo obushushu abandayo kakhulu, kuchaza uGqr. Ugonyo lukaJohnson & Johnson luzinzile kwifriji ukuya kuthi ga kwiinyanga ezintathu, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukuthunyelwa kunye nokusasazwa kwabo bakudingayo. ”

Isitofu sokugonya sikaJohnson & Johnson sikuchaphazela njani ukuhanjiswa kwe-COVID-19?

"Kuselithuba kakhulu ukuxelela," utshilo uPrabhjot Singh, MD, Ph.D., umcebisi oyintloko kwezonyango nakwinzululwazi yeCV19 CheckUp, isixhobo esikwi-intanethi esinceda ukuvavanya umngcipheko we-COVID-19. Oko kuya konke yezitofu zokugonya ze-COVID-19 esizibonileyo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku i-BTW, hayi nje uJohnson & Johnson, uphawula uGqr Singh. "Uphando lwakwangoko lubonisa ukuba umngcipheko wosulelo kufuneka wehle emva kokugonywa, kodwa impendulo eqinisekileyo ifuna isifundo esisesikweni," ucacisa.

Kuba iimpembelelo zokugonya kudluliso lwe-COVID azikaziwa, kubaluleke kakhulu ngakumbi ukuqhubeka nokunxiba iimaski kunye nokugcina umgama wakho kubantu abangaphandle kwekhaya lakho, utshilo uGqirha Olulade. (Yima, ngaba kufuneka ube umaka kabini ukukhusela kwi-COVID-19?)

Okukwintsusa: Konke Ezi zitofu zibonakala zibonelela ngokhuseleko olubalulekileyo kwi-COVID-19, nto leyo intle. Sekunjalo, uGqr. Olulade uthi, “isitofu sokugonya asilophepha-mvume lokuyeka ukulinda. "Kufuneka sicinge ngokungazicingeliyo malunga nempilo nentlalontle yabanye abangekagonyelwa kwaye abakabinakho ukuzikhusela kwi-COVID."

Ulwazi kweli bali luchanekile ngexesha lokushicilelwa. Njengoko uhlaziyo malunga ne-coronavirus i-COVID-19 iqhubeka nokuvela, kunokwenzeka ukuba ulwazi kunye neengcebiso kweli bali zitshintshile okoko kwapapashwa okokuqala. Siyakukhuthaza ukuba ujonge rhoqo ngezixhobo ezinjenge-CDC, i-WHO, kunye nesebe lezempilo likarhulumente kwindawo yakho yokufumana olona lwazi lwanamhlanje kunye neengcebiso.

Uphengululo lwe