Ilaparoscopy

Umxholo

• Kutheni i-laparoscopy yenziwa?
• Yeyiphi imingcipheko yelaparoscopy?
• Ndiyilungiselela njani i-laparoscopy?
• I-laparoscopy yenziwa njani?
• Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukubuyela kwi-laparoscopy?
• Iziphumo ze-laparoscopy

Yintoni ilaroscopy?

I-laparoscopy, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-laparoscopy yokuqonda isifo, yinkqubo yoqhaqho yokuxilonga esetyenziselwa ukuvavanya amalungu ngaphakathi esiswini. Yinkqubo enobungozi obuncinci, encinci engenayo efuna ukusikwa okuncinci kuphela.

I-Laparoscopy isebenzisa isixhobo esibizwa ngokuba yi-laparoscope ukujonga kwizitho zesisu. I-laparoscope yityhubhu ende, ebhityileyo enokukhanya okuphezulu kunye nekhamera yesisombululo esiphakamileyo ngaphambili. Isixhobo sifakwa ngokusikwa kudonga lwesisu. Njengoko ihamba, ikhamera ithumela imifanekiso kwividiyo.

I-Laparoscopy ivumela ugqirha wakho ukuba abone ngaphakathi komzimba wakho ngexesha lokwenyani, ngaphandle kotyando oluvulekileyo. Ugqirha wakho unokufumana iisampulu ze-biopsy kule nkqubo.

Kutheni i-laparoscopy yenziwa?

I-Laparoscopy ihlala isetyenziselwa ukuchonga kunye nokufumanisa umthombo weentlungu zesisu okanye zesisu. Ihlala yenziwa xa iindlela ezingafunekiyo zingakwazi ukunceda ekufumaneni isifo.

Kwiimeko ezininzi, iingxaki zesisu zinokuchongwa ngeendlela zokucinga ezinje:

• i-ultrasound, esebenzisa amaza esandi ahamba ngesantya esiphezulu ukwenza imifanekiso yomzimba
• Ukuskena kwe-CT, oluthotho lwee-X-ray ezikhethekileyo ezithatha imifanekiso enqamlezayo yomzimba
• Iskena seMRI, esisebenzisa iimagnethi kunye namaza erediyo ukuvelisa imifanekiso yomzimba

I-Laparoscopy yenziwa xa ezi mvavanyo zinganiki lwazi lwaneleyo okanye ukuqonda kwesifo. Inkqubo inokusetyenziselwa ukuthatha i-biopsy, okanye isampulu yethishu, evela kwilungu elithile esiswini.

Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa i-laparoscopy ukuba ivavanye la malungu alandelayo:

• isihlomelo
• inyongo
• isibindi
• injeke
• amathumbu amancinci kunye namathumbu amakhulu (ikholoni)
• udakada
• isisu
• zangasese okanye amalungu okuzala

Ngokujonga le mimandla nge-laparoscope, ugqirha wakho unokubona:

• ubunzima besisu okanye ithumba
• ulwelo kwisisu
• isifo sesibindi
• ukusebenza konyango oluthile
• iqondo apho umhlaza othile uqhubele phambili

Kananjalo, ugqirha wakho uya kuba nakho ukwenza ungenelelo ukunyanga imeko yakho kwangoko emva kokuxilongwa.

Yeyiphi imingcipheko yelaparoscopy?

Umngcipheko oqhelekileyo onxulunyaniswa ne-laparoscopy ukopha, usulelo kunye nomonakalo kumalungu esiswini sakho. Nangona kunjalo, ezi ziziganeko ezinqabileyo.

Emva kwenkqubo yakho, kubalulekile ukuba ujonge nayiphi na imiqondiso yosulelo. Nxibelelana nogqirha wakho ukuba unamava:

• ifiva okanye ingqele
• iintlungu zesisu eziba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha
• ubomvu, ukuvuvukala, ukuphuma kwegazi, okanye ukuhambisa amanzi kwiindawo zokucoca
• isicaphucaphu okuqhubekayo okanye ukugabha
• ukukhohlela okungapheliyo
• ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• ukungakwazi ukuchama
• intloko elula

Kukho umngcipheko omncinci wokonakaliswa kwamalungu avavanywa ngexesha le-laparoscopy. Igazi kunye nolunye ulwelo lunokuvuza emzimbeni wakho ukuba ilungu liye lagqojozwa. Kule meko, uzakufuna olunye utyando ukulungisa umonakalo.

Imingcipheko engaqhelekanga ibandakanya:

• iingxaki ezivela kwi-anesthesia jikelele
• ukudumba kodonga lwesisu
• iqhekeza legazi, elinokuhamba liye kwi-pelvis yakho, imilenze, okanye imiphunga

Kwezinye iimeko, ugqirha wakho ugqirha unokukholelwa ukuba umngcipheko we-laparoscopy yokuxilonga uphezulu kakhulu ukuba uqinisekise izibonelelo zokusebenzisa ubuchule obuncinci bokuhlasela. Le meko ihlala ivela kwabo bathe benza utyando lwangaphambi kwesisu, nto leyo eyonyusa umngcipheko wokwenza ukunamathela phakathi kwezakhiwo esiswini. Ukwenza i-laparoscopy phambi kokubambelela kuya kuthatha ixesha elide kwaye kwandise umngcipheko wokwenzakala kwamalungu.

Ndiyilungiselela njani i-laparoscopy?

Kuya kufuneka uxelele ugqirha wakho malunga nalo naliphi na iyeza okanye amayeza owathengisayo. Ugqirha wakho uya kukuxelela indlela ekufuneka zisetyenziswe ngayo ngaphambi nasemva kwenkqubo.

Ugqirha wakho unokutshintsha idosi yawo nawaphi na amayeza anokuchaphazela isiphumo se-laparoscopy. La machiza abandakanya:

• ii-anticoagulants, ezinje ngegazi
• iziyobisi ezichasayo (ii-NSAID), kubandakanya i-aspirin (iBufferin) okanye ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB)
• amanye amayeza achaphazela ukujiya kwegazi
• Imifuno okanye izongezo zokutya
• ivithamin K

Kuya kufuneka uxelele ugqirha wakho ukuba ukhulelwe okanye ucinga ukuba ukhulelwe. Oku kuya kunciphisa umngcipheko wokonzakala kusana lwakho olusakhulayo.

Phambi kwe-laparoscopy, ugqirha unokuyalela uvavanyo lwegazi, ukuchama, i-electrocardiogram (EKG okanye i-ECG), kunye ne-X-ray yesifuba. Ugqirha wakho unokwenza novavanyo oluthile lokucinga, kubandakanya i-ultrasound, i-CT scan, okanye iskena seMRI.

Olu vavanyo lunokunceda ugqirha wakho ukuba aqonde ngcono ukungaqheleki kuvavanywa ngexesha le-laparoscopy. Iziphumo zikwanika ugqirha wakho isikhokelo esibonakalayo ngaphakathi kwesisu sakho. Oku kunokuphucula ukusebenza kwe-laparoscopy.

Kuya kufuneka uphephe ukutya nokusela ubuncinci iiyure ezisibhozo ngaphambi kwe-laparoscopy. Kuya kufuneka ulungiselele ukuba ilungu losapho okanye umhlobo akugoduse emva kwenkqubo. I-Laparoscopy ihlala isenziwa kusetyenziswa i-anesthesia ngokubanzi, enokukwenza wozele kwaye ungakwazi ukuqhuba iiyure ezininzi emva kotyando.

I-laparoscopy yenziwa njani?

I-Laparoscopy ihlala yenziwe njengenkqubo yokugula. Oku kuthetha ukuba uya kuba nakho ukuya ekhaya kwangolo suku lunye lotyando lwakho. Inokwenziwa esibhedlele okanye kwiziko lotyando olungaphandle.

Uya kuthi unikwe i-anesthesia ngokubanzi yolu hlobo lotyando. Oku kuthetha ukuba uya kulala ngenkqubo kwaye awuyi kuva ntlungu. Ukufezekisa i-anesthesia ngokubanzi, umgca we-intravenous (IV) ufakwe kwelinye lamathambo akho. Nge-IV, i-anesthesiologist yakho inokukunika amayeza akhethekileyo kunye nokubonelela nge-hydration ngamanzi.

Kwezinye iimeko, i-anesthesia yendawo isetyenziswa endaweni yoko. I-anesthetic yendawo ye-anesthetic yendawo, ngoko nangona uya kuvuka ngexesha lotyando, awuyi kuva nayiphi na intlungu.

Ngexesha le-laparoscopy, ugqirha wotyando wenza ukusikwa ngaphantsi kweqhosha lesisu sakho, emva koko afake ityhubhu encinci ebizwa ngokuba yi-cannula. I-cannula isetyenziselwa ukufutha isisu sakho ngegesi yecarbon dioxide. Le gesi ivumela ugqirha wakho ukuba abone ngokucacileyo amalungu akho esiswini.

Nje ukuba isisu sakho sinomoya, ugqirha ufaka i-laparoscope ngokusebenzisa incision. Ikhamera eqhotyoshelwe kwi-laparoscope ibonisa imifanekiso kwiscreen, ivumela amalungu akho ukuba ajongwe ngexesha lokwenyani.

Inani kunye nobungakanani bokuchongwa kuxhomekeke kwizifo ezithile ugqirha wakho azama ukuqinisekisa okanye ukuzikhupha kuzo. Ngokubanzi, usuka kwinto enye ukuya kwezine ezicwangcisiweyo eziphakathi kwe-1 kunye ne-2 iisentimitha ubude. Ezi zinto zibanjiweyo zivumela ukuba kufakwe ezinye izixhobo. Umzekelo, ugqirha wakho ugqirha unokufuna ukusebenzisa esinye isixhobo sokwenza utyando. Ngexesha le-biopsy, bathatha isampulu encinci yethishu kwilungu ukuze kuvavanywe.

Emva kokuba inkqubo yenziwe, izixhobo ziyasuswa. Ukucocwa kwakho emva koko kuvaliwe ngemithungo okanye iteyiphu yotyando. Iibhendi zinokubekwa ngaphezulu kwesiqwengana.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukubuyela kwi-laparoscopy?

Xa utyando luphelile, uya kujongwa iiyure ezininzi ngaphambi kokuba ukhululwe esibhedlele. Iimpawu zakho ezibalulekileyo, njengokuphefumla kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo yakho, kuya kujongwa kufutshane. Abasebenzi basesibhedlele baya kujonga nazo naziphi na iimpendulo ezingalunganga kwi-anesthesia okanye kwinkqubo, kunye nokujonga ukopha ixesha elide.

Ixesha lokukhululwa kwakho liya kwahluka. Kuxhomekeka:

• imeko yakho yomzimba iyonke
• uhlobo lweanesthesia esetyenzisiweyo
• impendulo yomzimba wakho kutyando

Ngamanye amaxesha, kungafuneka uhlale esibhedlele ubusuku bonke.

Ilungu losapho okanye umhlobo uya kufuna ukukuqhuba agoduke ukuba ufumene ianesthesia ngokubanzi. Iziphumo zeanesthesia ngokubanzi zihlala zithatha iiyure ezininzi ukunxiba, kungakhuseleka ukuqhuba emva kwenkqubo.

Kwiintsuku ezilandela i-laparoscopy, unokuziva ubuhlungu obulinganiselweyo kunye nokubetha kwiindawo apho kwenziwe khona izinto. Nayiphi na intlungu okanye ukungonwabi kufuneka kuphuculwe kwiintsuku nje ezimbalwa. Ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza okuthomalalisa iintlungu.

Kuqhelekile ukuba ube neentlungu zamagxa emva kwenkqubo yakho. Intlungu ihlala isisiphumo segesi yecarbon dioxide esetyenziselwa ukufaka isisu sakho ekwenzeni indawo yokusebenza yezixhobo zotyando. Irhasi inokucaphukisa uvalo lwakho, ekwabelana ngemithambo yegxalaba lakho. Inokubangela nokudumba. Ukuphazamiseka kuya kuhamba kwiintsuku ezimbalwa.

Ngokwesiqhelo ungaqhubeka nayo yonke imisebenzi yesiqhelo kwiveki. Uya kudinga ukuya kwindibano yokulandelelana kunye nogqirha wakho malunga neeveki ezimbini emva kwe-laparoscopy.

Nazi ezinye zezinto onokuzenza ukuqinisekisa ukubuyela kwimeko entle:

• Qalisa imisebenzi elula ngokukhawuleza ukuba ukwazi, ukunciphisa umngcipheko wamahlwili egazi.
• Lala ngakumbi kunesiqhelo.
• Sebenzisa ii-lozenges zomqala ukunciphisa iintlungu zomqala obuhlungu.
• Nxiba iimpahla ezikulungeleyo.

Iziphumo ze-laparoscopy

Ukuba kuthathwe i-biopsy, ugqirha wezifo uya kuyiphonononga. Ugqirha wezifo ngugqirha ojolise kuhlalutyo lwethishu. Ingxelo echaza iziphumo iya kuthunyelwa kugqirha wakho.

Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ezivela kwi-laparoscopy zibonisa ukungabikho kwegazi esiswini, i-hernias, kunye nokuvalwa kwamathumbu emathunjini. Ikwathetha ukuba onke amalungu akho asempilweni.

Iziphumo ezingaqhelekanga ezivela kwi-laparoscopy zibonisa iimeko ezithile, kubandakanya:

• ukubambelela okanye amanxeba okuhlinzwa
• hernias
• appendicitis, ukudumba kwamathumbu
• i-fibroids, okanye ukukhula okungaqhelekanga kwisibeleko
• amaqhuma okanye amathumba
• umhlaza
• cholecystitis, ukudumba kwe-gall bladder
• i-endometriosis, ingxaki apho izicwili ezenza ubume besibeleko zikhula ngaphandle kwesibeleko
• ukwenzakala okanye ukwenzakala kwilungu elithile
• Isifo sokudumba kwentloko, isifo samalungu okuzala

Ugqirha wakho uya kucwangcisa ixesha lokudibana nawe ukuze ugqibe iziphumo. Ukuba kufunyenwe imeko enzima yonyango, ugqirha wakho uya kuxoxa ngeendlela ezifanelekileyo zonyango kunye nawe kwaye asebenze nawe ukuza nesicwangciso sokujongana nale meko.