Ukusasazeka kwesi sifo seLyme

Umxholo

• Iimpawu zokuSasazwa kwesi sifo seLyme kwangoko
• Unobangela weSifo seLyme esisasazwe kwangoko
• Izinto zomngcipheko weSifo seLyme esisasazwe kwangoko
• Ukuchongwa kwesifo seLyme esisasazwe kwangoko
• Iingxaki zesifo seLyme esisasazwe kwangoko
• Unyango lwezifo zeLyme ezisasazwa kwangoko
• Umbono weSifo seLyme esiSasazwe kwangoko
• Iingcebiso zokuthintela isifo seLyme
• Iingcebiso zokuthintela isifo seLyme
• Iingcebiso zokuthintela isifo seLyme ekuqhubekeni

Sisifo esasasazwa kwangoko seLyme?

Isifo seLyme esisasazwe kwangoko sisigaba sesifo seLyme apho intsholongwane ebangela le meko isasazeke emzimbeni wakho. Eli nqanaba linokwenzeka kwiintsuku, iiveki, okanye iinyanga emva kokuba umkhaza osulelekileyo ekulume. Isifo seLyme yintsholongwane ebangelwa kukulunywa ngumkhonto omnyama. Ukusasazeka kwesifo seLyme kunxulunyaniswa nenqanaba lesibini lesi sifo. Zintathu izigaba zesifo seLyme:

• Inqanaba 1 sisifo seLyme sendawo. Oku kwenzeka ngaphakathi kweentsuku ezininzi zokulunywa ngamakhalane kwaye kunokubangela ububomvu kwindawo yokulunywa ngamakhalane kunye nomkhuhlane, ukugodola, iintlungu zemisipha kunye nokucaphuka kolusu.
• Inqanaba 2 sisasazwa kwangoko isifo seLyme. Oku kwenzeka ngaphakathi kweeveki zokulunywa ngamakhalane. Usulelo olunganyangekiyo luqala ukusasazeka kwamanye amalungu omzimba, luvelise iintlobo zeempawu ezintsha.
• Isigaba 3 sisasazwa kade sisifo seLyme. Oku kwenzeka kwiinyanga ukuya kwiminyaka emva kokulunywa okokuqala likhalane, xa iintsholongwane zisasazeke kuwo wonke umzimba. Abantu abaninzi kweli nqanaba lesi sifo banamava esi sifo samathambo kunye nentlungu edibeneyo kunye neempawu zemithambo-luvo ezinje ngeentlungu zokudubula, ukuba ndindisholo emaphethelweni, kunye neengxaki zememori yexesha elifutshane.

Iimpawu zokuSasazwa kwesi sifo seLyme kwangoko

Ukuqala kwesifo seLyme esisasazwe kwangoko kungaqala kwiintsuku, iiveki, okanye iinyanga emva kokulunywa likhalane elosulelekileyo. Iimpawu zibonisa ukuba usulelo sele luqalisile ukusasazeka ukusuka kwindawo yokulunywa ngamakhalane ukuya kwamanye amalungu omzimba.

Kule nqanaba, usulelo lubangela iimpawu ezithile ezinokuthi ziphakathi. Bazi:

• i-erythema migrans, eyinto yenkomo yamehlo yenkomo eyenzeka kwezinye iindawo ngaphandle kwendawo yokuluma
• Ukukhubazeka kweBell, ukukhubazeka okanye ubuthathaka bemisipha kwelinye okanye kumacala omabini obuso
• meningitis, kukudumba kwamathambo omqolo
• ukuqina kwentamo, intloko ebuhlungu, okanye umkhuhlane ovela kwi-meningitis
• intlungu ebuhlungu yemisipha okanye ukuba ndindisholo ezingalweni okanye emilenzeni
• iintlungu okanye ukudumba emadolweni, emagxeni, engqinibeni, kunye namanye amalungu amakhulu
• iingxaki zentliziyo, kubandakanya ukubetha kunye nesiyezi

Unobangela weSifo seLyme esisasazwe kwangoko

Isifo seLyme sisifo esosulelayo. Kubangelwa yintsholongwane IBorrelia burgdorferi. Usenokosuleleka xa umkhalane uthwele iibhaktheriya xa zikuluma. Ngokwesiqhelo, amakhalane anebala elimnyama namakhalane asasaza isifo. Amakhalane la aqokelela iintsholongwane xa eluma iimpuku okanye iinyamakazi ezigulayo.

Unokosuleleka xa la makhalane emincinci ezinamathela kumalungu ohlukeneyo omzimba wakho. Zimalunga nobungakanani bembewu yepoppy kwaye ziyayithanda indawo efihliweyo enje nge-groin, ikhwapha kunye nokhakhayi. Rhoqo, banokuhlala bengabonakali kwezi ndawo.

Uninzi lwabantu abaphuhlisa isifo seLyme baxela ukuba abaze babone umkhaza emzimbeni wabo. Ikhalane lithumela intsholongwane emva kokuncanyathiselwa kangangeeyure ezingama-36 ukuya kweziyi-48.

Ukusasazwa kwangoko kwesifo seLyme linyathelo lesibini losulelo. Oku kwenzeka kwiiveki ezimbalwa zokulunywa ngamakhalane, emva kokuba usulelo lokuqala lunganyangwa.

Izinto zomngcipheko weSifo seLyme esisasazwe kwangoko

Usemngciphekweni wokusasazeka kwangoko kwesifo seLyme ukuba uye walunywa likhalane elosulelekileyo kwaye uhlala unganyangwa ngexesha lokuqala lesifo seLyme.

Unomngcipheko owandileyo wokufumana isifo seLyme ukuba uhlala kwenye yeendawo apho uninzi lwezifo zeLyme zichazwe khona. Bazi:

• nakweyiphi na inyakatho-mpuma yamazwe ukusuka eMaine ukuya eVirginia
• amazwe akumntla wombindi, anezehlo eziphezulu eWisconsin naseMinnesota
• unxweme olusentshona, ikakhulu emantla eCalifornia

Iimeko ezithile nazo zinokunyusa umngcipheko wokudibana nekhalane elosulelekileyo:

• igadi, ukuzingela, ukunyuka intaba, okanye ukwenza ezinye izinto ngaphandle kwiindawo apho isifo seLyme sisisoyikiso
• ukuhamba okanye ukunyuka intaba kwingca ephezulu okanye kwiindawo ezinemithi
• ukuba nezilwanyana zasekhaya ezinokuthwala amakhalane ekhaya lakho

Ukuchongwa kwesifo seLyme esisasazwe kwangoko

Ukuze ufumanise isifo seLyme, ugqirha wakho uya kuyalela uvavanyo lwegazi olujonga izihloko, okanye inqanaba lamajoni omzimba kwiibhaktheriya ezibangela isifo. Uvavanyo lwe-immunosorbent edityaniswe ne-enzyme (ELISA) lolona vavanyo luqhelekileyo lwesifo seLyme. Uvavanyo lwe-Western blot test, olunye uvavanyo lwe-antibody, lunokusetyenziselwa ukuqinisekisa iziphumo ze-ELISA. Olu vavanyo lunokwenziwa ngaxeshanye.

Amachiza omzimba B. burgdorferi kungathatha ukusuka kwiiveki ezimbini ukuya kwezintandathu emva kokosuleleka ukuvela egazini lakho. Ngenxa yoko, abantu bavavanywa kwiiveki zokuqala zosulelo banokuvavanya ukungabinakho kwesifo seLyme. Kule meko, ugqirha wakho unokukhetha ukubeka esweni iimpawu zakho kwaye uphinde uvavanye kwakhona kamva ukuba uqinisekise isifo.

Ukuba uhlala kwindawo apho isifo seLyme siqhelekile, ugqirha wakho unokukwazi ukufumanisa isifo seLyme kwisigaba 1 ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zakho kunye namava abo ekliniki.

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukrokrela ukuba usasaze kwangoko isifo seLyme kwaye usulelo lusasazekile emzimbeni wakho, ukuvavanywa kweendawo ezinokuchaphazeleka kunokuba yimfuneko. Olu vavanyo lunokubandakanya:

• i-electrocardiogram okanye i-echocardiogram yokuvavanya ukusebenza kwentliziyo yakho
• impompo yomqolo ukujonga ulwelo lwakho lwe-cerebrospinal
• iMRI yengqondo ukukhangela imiqondiso yeemeko zemithambo-luvo

Iingxaki zesifo seLyme esisasazwe kwangoko

Ukuba awufumani unyango kwinqanaba lokuqala lokusasazwa, iingxaki zesifo seLyme zingabandakanya umonakalo kumalungu akho, intliziyo, kunye ne-system ye-nervous. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba isifo seLyme sifunyenwe kweli nqanaba, iimpawu zisenokuphathwa ngempumelelo.

Ukuba isifo siqhubeka ukusuka kwinqanaba lokusasazwa kwangoko ukuya kwinqanaba lokusasazwa kade, okanye inqanaba lesi-3, ngaphandle konyango, kunokubangela iingxaki zexesha elide. Oku kunokubandakanya:

• I-Lyme arthritis, ebangela ukudumba kwamalungu
• izitenxo zentliziyo yesingqi
• Ingqondo kunye nomonakalo wenkqubo yemithambo-luvo
• ukunciphisa imemori yexesha elifutshane
• ubunzima bokugxila
• intlungu
• ukuba ndindisholo
• iingxaki zokulala
• ukonakala kombono

Unyango lwezifo zeLyme ezisasazwa kwangoko

Xa isifo seLyme sifunyaniswa kwinqanaba lokuqala lasekhaya okanye kwinqanaba lokusasazwa kwangoko, unyango oluqhelekileyo luyinkqubo yeentsuku ezili-14 ukuya kwezi-21 zemithi yokubulala iintsholongwane. I-Doxycycline, amoxicillin, kunye ne-cefuroxime zezona ziyobisi ziqhelekileyo zisetyenziswayo. Amanye amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane okanye amayeza afunekayo anokuxhomekeka kwimeko yakho kunye neempawu ezongezelelweyo.

Unokulindela ukubuyela ngokukhawuleza nangokugqibeleleyo ukuba ufumana amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kwinqanaba lokuqala lesifo seLyme.

Umbono weSifo seLyme esiSasazwe kwangoko

Ukuba ufunyaniswe kwaye uphathwa ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ngeli xesha, unokulindela ukunyangwa kwesifo seLyme. Ngaphandle konyango, iingxaki zinokubakho, kodwa zihlala zinyangeka.

Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, unokufumana ukuqhubeka kwesifo seLyme emva konyango lonyango. Oku kubizwa ngokuba lunyango lwasemva kwesifo seLyme, okanye i-PTLDS. Abanye abantu abanyangwa isifo seLyme baxela imisipha kunye nentlungu edibeneyo, imiba yokulala, okanye ukudinwa emva kokuba unyango lwabo luphelile. Nangona unobangela woku ungaziwa, abaphandi bakholelwa ekubeni kusenokwenzeka ngenxa yempendulo ezenzekelayo apho amajoni akho omzimba ahlasela izicwili ezisempilweni okanye inokunxulunyaniswa nosulelo oluqhubekayo kunye neebhaktiriya ezibangela isifo seLyme.

Iingcebiso zokuthintela isifo seLyme

Iingcebiso zokuthintela isifo seLyme

Ngokuthatha amanyathelo okhuseleko athile, unokuthintela ukudibana ngqo namakhalane asulelekileyo. Ezi zinto zinokunciphisa amathuba okufumana isifo seLyme kunye nokuqhubela phambili kwinqanaba lokusasaza kwangoko:

• Sebenzisa izinto zokugxotha izinambuzane kwimpahla yakho nakulo lonke ulusu olutyhilekileyo xa uhamba kwindawo enemithi okanye enengca apho amakhalane ekhula kakuhle.
• Hamba embindini weendlela ukuthintela ingca ephezulu xa uhamba intaba.
• Emva kokuhamba okanye ukunyuka intaba, tshintsha iimpahla zakho kwaye wenze itsheki efanelekileyo, ujonge kwi-groin, scalp, nakwi-armpmp.
• Jonga izilwanyana zasekhaya xa unamakhalane.
• Phatha iimpahla kunye nezihlangu nge-permethrin, eyinto ephindaphindayo yezinambuzane ehlala isebenza ngokuhlamba okuninzi.

Nxibelelana nogqirha wakho ukuba amakhalane akuluma. Kufuneka ujongwe iintsuku ezingama-30 kwiimpawu zesifo seLyme.

Iingcebiso zokuthintela isifo seLyme ekuqhubekeni

Funda imiqondiso yesifo seLyme kwangoko ukuze ufumane unyango ngokukhawuleza ukuba wosulelekile. Ukuba ufumana unyango ngexesha elifanelekileyo, unokuziphepha iingxaki ezinokubakho xa usasazwa kwangoko sisifo seLyme nakwizigaba ezilandelayo.

Iimpawu zesifo sokuqala seLyme zinokwenzeka ukusuka kwiintsuku ezintathu ukuya kwezingama-30 emva kokuba umkhalane osulelekileyo ekulume. Njonga i:

• irhashalala ebomvu, eyandisiweyo yenkunzi yenkomo kwindawo yokulunywa ngamakhalane
• ukudinwa
• Ukugodola
• imvakalelo yokugula ngokubanzi
• ukurhawuzelela umzimba wonke
• intloko ebuhlungu
• ndiziva ndinesiyezi
• ndiziva ndidiniwe
• iintlungu zemisipha
• intlungu edibeneyo
• ukuqina kwentamo
• ukudumba kwamalungu enkovu