Ukuphazamiseka kwiBipolar (Ukudakumba kweManic)

Umxholo

• Ziintoni Iimpawu?
• Iintlobo zeNgxaki yokuBipolar
• Ibipolar I
• Ibipolar II
• Ukuphazamiseka kwiBipolar Ngaphandle kokuchazwa (i-BP-NOS)
• Ukuphazamiseka kwiCyclothymic (Cyclothymia)
• Ukukhawuleza okuhamba ngebhayisikile kwiBipolar Disorder
• Ukuchonga ukuphazamiseka kweBipolar
• Unyango lwe-Bipolar Disorder
• Imbonakalo

Yintoni i-Bipolar Disorder?

Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo kukuphazamiseka kwengqondo apho umntu afumana umahluko omkhulu ekucingeni, kwiimvakalelo nakwindlela yokuziphatha. Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo ngamanye amaxesha kubizwa ngokuba kukugula koxinzelelo lomntu okanye uxinzelelo lwemanic.

Abantu abanesifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuqhelekileyo bahamba ngamaxesha oxinzelelo okanye imania. Banokufumana ukutshintsha rhoqo kwemood.

Le meko ayifani kuye wonke umntu onayo. Abanye abantu banokufumana imeko yokudakumba. Abanye abantu banokuba nezigaba zobuntu. Kuyakwazi nokuba neempawu zoxinzelelo kunye neempawu zobuntu ngaxeshanye.

Ngaphezulu kweepesenti ezimbini zabantu baseMelika abaya kuba nengxaki yokuphazamiseka engqondweni.

Ziintoni Iimpawu?

Iimpawu zokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo zibandakanya ukutshintsha kwemood (ngamanye amaxesha kakhulu) kunye notshintsho ku:

• amandla
• amanqanaba omsebenzi
• iipateni zokulala
• indlela yokuziphatha

Umntu onesifo esiyi-bipolar akanakuhlala enamava oxinzelelo okanye obudoda. Banokuba namaxesha amade eemood ezingazinzanga. Abantu abangenayo ingxaki yokuphazamiseka engqondweni kunye nokudla ngokufumana “amanqanaba aphezulu”. Utshintsho lweemvakalelo olubangelwa kukuphazamiseka engqondweni luhluke kakhulu kolu “phezulu nakwezantsi.”

Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo kuhlala kukhokelela ekusebenzeni kakubi emsebenzini, ingxaki esikolweni, okanye ulwalamano olonakeleyo. Abantu abaneemeko ezinzima kakhulu, ezingaphendulwanga zesifo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuzibulala ngamanye amaxesha bayazibulala.

Abantu abanengxaki yokuphazamiseka engqondweni kunye namava oxinzelelo lweemvakalelo ekubhekiswa kubo "njengeziqendu zemood."

Iimpawu zesiqendu soxinzelelo sinokubandakanya:

• iimvakalelo zokuziva ulilize okanye ukuziva ungaxabisekanga
• Ukuphulukana nomdla kwizinto ezinokuthanani nesondo
• utshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha
• ukudinwa okanye amandla aphantsi
• iingxaki ngoxinzelelo, ukwenza izigqibo, okanye ukulibala
• ukungazinzi okanye ukucaphuka
• utshintsho kwindlela otya ngayo okanye ekulaleni ngayo
• Umbono wokuzibulala okanye ukuzama ukuzibulala

Kwelinye icala eligqithisileyo lomdlalo iziqendu zomntu. Iimpawu ze-mania zingabandakanya:

• ixesha elide lovuyo olukhulu, imincili, okanye uvuyo
• ukucaphuka kakhulu, ukuphazamiseka, okanye imvakalelo yokuba "unentambo" (ukutsiba)
• ukuphazamiseka lula okanye ukungazoli
• ukuba neengcinga zomdyarho
• ukuthetha ngokukhawuleza okukhulu (amaxesha amaninzi ngokukhawuleza abanye abakwazi ukuqhubeka)
• ukuthatha iiprojekthi ezintsha ngaphezulu kunokuba zinokuphathwa (kugqitywe kugqitywe kwinjongo)
• ukungabi nanto yokulala
• iinkolelo ezingekho ngqiqweni malunga nobuchule bomntu
• ukuthatha inxaxheba ekuziphatheni okungxamisekileyo okanye okusemngciphekweni onjengokungcakaza okanye ukuchitha imali, isondo esingakhuselekanga, okanye ukwenza utyalomali olungenabulumko

Abanye abantu abane-bipolar disorder banokufumana i-hypomania. I-Hypomania ithetha "phantsi kwe-mania" kwaye iimpawu zifana kakhulu ne-mania, kodwa zincinci. Umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwezi zibini kukuba iimpawu zehypomania ngokubanzi azonakalisi ubomi bakho. Iziqendu zeManic zingakhokelela esibhedlele.

Abanye abantu abane-bipolar disorder bafumana "iimeko ezixubeneyo" apho kuhlala khona iimpawu zoxinzelelo kunye neempawu zobuntu. Kwimeko exubekileyo, umntu uhlala eneempawu ezibandakanya:

• ukuphazamiseka
• ukuphuthelwa
• utshintsho olukhulu kukutya
• Umbono wokuzibulala

Umntu uya kuhlala eziva omelele ngelixa befumana zonke ezi mpawu zingasentla.

Iimpawu zesifo esiyi-bipolar zihlala zisiba mbi ngaphandle konyango. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona umboneleli wakho wokuqala ukuba ucinga ukuba ufumana iimpawu zesifo esiyi-bipolar.

Iintlobo zeNgxaki yokuBipolar

Ibipolar I

Olu hlobo lubonakaliswa zii-manic okanye iziqendu ezixubileyo ezihlala ubuncinci iveki enye. Unokufumana iimpawu ezinzima zomntu ezifuna ukunakekelwa esibhedlele kwangoko. Ukuba ufumana iziqendu zokudakumba, zihlala zihlala iiveki ezimbini ubuncinci. Iimpawu zoxinzelelo kunye ne-mania kufuneka ngokungafaniyo nokuziphatha komntu kwesiqhelo.

Ibipolar II

Olu hlobo lubonakaliswa ngumzekelo weziqendu zokudakumba ezixutywe neziqendu ze-hypomanic ezingenayo "i-manic (okanye exubeneyo) yeepisiti" ezigcweleyo.

Ukuphazamiseka kwiBipolar Ngaphandle kokuchazwa (i-BP-NOS)

Olu hlobo ngamanye amaxesha lufunyaniswa xa umntu eneempawu ezingahambelaniyo neekhrayitheriya zokuqonda isifo se-bipolar I okanye i-bipolar II. Nangona kunjalo, umntu usenamava otshintsho lweemvakalelo ezahluke kakhulu kwindlela abaziphethe ngayo.

Ukuphazamiseka kwiCyclothymic (Cyclothymia)

Isifo seCyclothymic luhlobo oluphantsi lokuphazamiseka kwengqondo xa umntu enoxinzelelo olungephi oluxutywe neziqendu zehypomanic iminyaka emibini ubuncinci.

Ukukhawuleza okuhamba ngebhayisikile kwiBipolar Disorder

Abanye abantu banokufumanisa ukuba banesifo esaziwa ngokuba yi "bipolar disorder." Kunyaka omnye, abaguli abanale ngxaki baneziqendu ezine nangaphezulu:

• uxinzelelo olukhulu
• imania
• hypomania

Kuqheleke kakhulu kubantu abanesifo se-bipolar esibuhlungu nakwabo bafunyenwe bekwiminyaka yobudala (rhoqo phakathi ukuya kwiminyaka yeshumi elivisayo), kwaye ichaphazela abafazi abaninzi kunamadoda.

Ukuchonga ukuphazamiseka kweBipolar

Uninzi lweziganeko zokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okungaqhelekanga ziqala ngaphambi kokuba umntu afike kwiminyaka engama-25 ubudala. Abanye abantu banokufumana iimpawu zabo zokuqala ebuntwaneni okanye, ngenye indlela, emva kwexesha ebomini. Iimpawu zeBipolar zinokuhluka ngokobunzima ukusuka kwisimo esiphantsi ukuya koxinzelelo olukhulu, okanye i-hypomania ukuya kwi-mania ebukhali. Kuhlala kunzima ukuyixilonga kuba iza kancinci ithi chu ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Umboneleli wakho wokuqala wokunyamekela uya kuqala ngokukubuza imibuzo malunga neempawu zakho kunye nembali yonyango. Bayakufuna nokwazi malunga notywala okanye iziyobisi. Banokwenza uvavanyo lwaselebhu ukuthintela naziphi na ezinye iimeko zonyango. Uninzi lwezigulana ziya kufuna kuphela uncedo ngexesha lokudakumba, ngenxa yoko kubalulekile ukuba umboneleli wakho wokuqala wononophelo enze uvavanyo lokuqonda ngokupheleleyo ngaphambi kokwenza isifo se-bipolar. Abanye ababoneleli ngononophelo lokuqala baya kubhekisa kwingcali yengqondo ukuba ngaba kurhaneleka ukuba une-bipolar disorder.

Abantu abane-bipolar disorder abasemngciphekweni omkhulu wenani lezinye izifo zengqondo nezomzimba, kubandakanya:

• Uxinzelelo lwasemva koxinzelelo lwasemva (PTSD)
• ukuphazamiseka koxinzelelo
• phobias zentlalo
• I-ADHD
• migraine intloko ebuhlungu
• isifo se-thyroid
• isifo seswekile
• ukutyeba kakhulu

Iingxaki zokusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi ziqhelekile kwizigulana ezinengxaki yokuphazamiseka kwengqondo.

Akukho sizathu saziwayo sokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuguquguqukayo, kodwa kuhlala kusebenza kwiintsapho.

Unyango lwe-Bipolar Disorder

Isifo esiyibipolar asinyangeki. Kuthathwa njengesifo esinganyangekiyo, njengeswekile, kwaye kufuneka silawulwe ngononophelo kwaye sinyangwe kubomi bakho bonke. Unyango luhlala lubandakanya amayeza kunye nonyango, njengonyango lokuziphatha. Amachiza asetyenziselwa unyango lweengxaki ze-bipolar zibandakanya:

• izinto ezizinzileyo ezinje nge-lithium (Eskalith okanye iLithobid)
• amayeza okulwa i-antipsychotic anjengeolanzapine (Zyprexa), quetiapine (Seroquel), kunye ne risperidone (Risperdal)
• amayeza okulwa noxinzelelo anjenge-benzodiazepine ngamanye amaxesha asetyenziswa kwisigaba esibuhlungu se-mania
• amayeza okulwa nokubanjwa (ekwabizwa ngokuba zii-anticonvulsants) ezinje nge-divalproex-sodium (Depakote), lamotrigine (Lamictal), kunye ne-valproic acid (Depakene)
• Abantu abane-bipolar disorder ngamanye amaxesha baya kumiselwa i-anti-depressants ukuba baphathe iimpawu zoxinzelelo lwabo, okanye ezinye iimeko (ezinje ngokubakho kwengxaki yoxinzelelo). Nangona kunjalo, bahlala kufuneka bathathe isimilo, njengoko i-anti-depressant iyodwa inokunyusa amathuba omntu okuba yindoda okanye i-hypomanic (okanye yokuphuhlisa iimpawu zokuhamba ngebhayisikile ngokukhawuleza).

Imbonakalo

Isifo esiyibipolar siyanyangeka. Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba une-bipolar disorder kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba wenze idinga nomnikezeli wakho wokhathalelo oluphambili kwaye kuvavanywe. Iimpawu ezinganyangekiyo zesifo esiyi-bipolar ziya kuba mbi ngakumbi. Kuqikelelwa ukuba malunga neepesenti ezili-15 zabantu abane-bipolar enganyangekiyo bazibulala.

Uthintelo lokuzibulala:

Ukuba ucinga ukuba umntu usemngciphekweni wokuzenzakalisa okanye wenzakalise omnye umntu:

• Tsalela u-911 okanye inombolo yakho yongxamiseko yasekuhlaleni.
• Hlala naloo mntu de kufike uncedo.
• Susa nayiphi na imipu, iimela, amayeza, okanye ezinye izinto ezinokubangela ingozi.
• Mamela, kodwa musa ukugweba, ukuphikisa, ukugrogrisa, okanye ukukhwaza.