Isifundo sifumanisa eyona ngxaki iphambili kuvavanyo lwasekhaya

Umxholo

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Ukuvavanywa ngokuthe ngqo kubathengi (i-DTC) kuvavanyo lwemfuza lunomzuzwana. I-23andMe ifumene imvume ye-FDA yokuvavanya utshintsho lwe-BRCA, oko kuthetha ukuba okokuqala ngqa, uluntu ngokubanzi lunokuzivavanya ezinye zeenguqu ezaziwayo ezonyusa umngcipheko webele, i-ovari kunye nomhlaza webele. Into kukuba, iingcali zemfuza ziye zaxwayisa ukuba ezi mvavanyo zasekhaya zinomda kwaye zisenokungachaneki ngendlela ezibonakala ngayo. (BTW, 23andMe yenye yeenkampani ezininzi ezibonelela ngovavanyo lwemfuzo kumhlaza wamabele ekhaya-nangona iyiyo yodwa engafuni myalelo kagqirha.)

Ngoku, uphando olutsha lunika ukukhanya ngokuthe ngqo Njani ukungachaneki kuvavanyo lwasekhaya kunokuba kunjalo. Isifundo esitsha kwijenali Imfuza kwizonyango ithathele ingqalelo iisampulu zezigulane ezingama-49 ezazithunyelwe kwilebhu yemfuza yeklinikhi ekhokelayo, i-Ambry Genetics, ukuba ijongwe kabini emva kokuba uvavanyo lwasekhaya sele lwenziwe. Lo mkhuba, obizwa ngokuba "luvavanyo lokuqinisekisa," ngokubanzi kucetyiswa ngoochwephesha xa umntu efumana iziphumo kuvavanyo lwasekhaya lofuzo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, uvavanyo oluqinisekisayo lucelwa ngugqirha wokunyamekela emva kokuba isigulane sicele uncedo lokutolika ingxelo yabo yedatha ekrwada.

Le datha "ekrwada" ifuna ukutolikwa ngumntu wesithathu ilebhu ukuze iqinisekiswe kwaye iqondwe ngokuchanekileyo-inyathelo elitsiba abantu abaninzi. Kolu phando, abaphandi baqokelela izicelo zovavanyo ezininzi zokuqinisekisa njengoko benokufumana kwaye bathelekisa uhlalutyo lwabo lwe-DNA yezigulana nakwiziphumo zovavanyo lwasekhaya ezixeliweyo. Ijika ukuba iipesenti ezingama-40 zomahluko (okt, iintlobo ezithile) ezichazwe kwidatha evela kuvavanyo lwasekhaya yayizezona zinto zilungileyo.

Ngokusisiseko, oko kuthetha ukuba ufuzo luyehluka kuvavanyo lwasekhaya oluchongwe kwidatha eluhlaza-yomngcipheko ophantsi kunye nomngcipheko omkhulu-ayiqinisekiswanga yilebhu yonyango yemfuza. Ngapha koko, ezinye iintlobo zofuzo ezichongiweyo njenge "yengozi eyandayo" yemfuza kuvavanyo lwasekhaya lwahlelwa njenge "benign" yilebhu yeklinikhi. Oko kuthetha ukuba abanye abantu abafumene iziphumo "ezilungileyo" kwiimvavanyo zabo *bengekho* ngokwenene kumngcipheko owongeziweyo. (Idibeneyo: Ngaba uVavanyo lwezoNyango lwaseKhaya luyanceda okanye luyakukhathaza?)

Abacebisi ngemfuzo abothuki."Ndiyavuya ukuba amanani abonisa amazinga aphezulu okufundwa okungachanekanga ukuze abathengi abaninzi babenolwazi ngobuthathaka obufumanekayo kuvavanyo lwemfuza lwe-DTC," utshilo uTinamarie Bauman, umongikazi oqinisekisiweyo webhodi yemfuza kunye nomlawuli oncedisayo Inkqubo yemfuzo yengozi kwi-AMITA Health Cancer Institute.

Isisombululo: Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokubona umcebisi ngemfuza. "Abacebisi bemfuzo benza okungaphezulu kokuvavanya umngcipheko; bakunceda ukuba uqonde ngakumbi malunga neziphumo ezilungileyo okanye ezimbi," utshilo uBauman. "Nabani na owenza uvavanyo lwe-DTC aze emva koko afumane iziphumo eziluhlaza angaxela nje kancinci ukuba kuninzi ekufuneka kuphononongwe nokutolikwa."

Ukuba ngenene *unawo* umngcipheko owonyukileyo wesifo sofuzo, umcebisi wemfuzo unokukunceda ukuba uthathe inyathelo lokunciphisa umngcipheko wakho, ukuxilonga kwangethuba, okanye unikeze ngonyango olunolwazi ngakumbi kunye nolwakho ukuba kuyimfuneko.

Kwaye nangona ingcebiso ka-Bauman kubathengi malunga novavanyo lwe-DTC yayifana ngaphambi kokuba kuphume olu phando, ngoku luziva lungxamisekileyo ngakumbi-ngakumbi kwabo banokuba nolwalamano lomhlaza. "Ndisebenza kwi-oncology, kwaye ndikhathazeke kakhulu kuvavanyo lwasekhaya lweentlobo zomhlaza," utshilo. "Kukho ithuba elihle lokuguqula ubomi kunye neempembelelo ezimbi."

Ke ukuba sele ufumene iziphumo kuvavanyo lwemfuzo yasekhaya, ukufumana uvavanyo lokuqinisekisa kubalulekile, utshilo. "Kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa zonke iinkcukacha ze-DTC ezingafunekiyo kwilabhoratri yeklinikhi enamava," utshilo uBauman. Kukwabalulekile ukuba uqonde izibonelelo kunye nokusikelwa umda kuvavanyo, kunye neziphumo ezinokubakho zeziphumo. Uyakwenza ntoni ukuba isiphumo sibuya si-positive? Iyakuthi ithethe ntoni xa ithi ine-negative? "Imvume enolwazi yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo," utshilo uBauman. "Ukudibana kungaphelisa ukudideka."

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