Uluhlu loNyango kunye nokuThimba

Umxholo

• Iimpawu ezimxinwa ze-AEDs
• ICarbamazepine (iCarbatrol, iTegretol, iEpitol, iEquetro)
• IClobazam (Onfi)
• IDiazepam (iValium, iDiastat)
• I-Divalproex (iDepakote)
• I-eslicarbazepine acetate (i-Aptiom)
• I-AEDs ezibanzi
• IClonazepam (iKlonopin)
• IClorazepate (iTranxene-T)
• I-Ezogabine (Potiga)
• I-Felbamate (Felbatol)
• ILamotrigine (iLamictal)
• ILevetiracetam (iKeppra, iSpritam)
• ILorazepam (Ativan)
• I-Primidone (iMysoline)
• Itopiramate (iTopamax, iQudexy XR, iTrokendi XR)
• IValproic acid (iDepacon, iDepakene, iDepakote, iStavzor)
• IZonisamide (iZonegran)
• Thetha nogqirha wakho

Intshayelelo

Ukuxhuzula kubangela ukuba ingqondo yakho ithumele imiqondiso engaqhelekanga. Lo msebenzi ungakhokelela ekubanjweni. Ukuhluthwa kunokwenzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi, ezinje ngokulimala okanye ukugula. Isathuthwane yimeko ebangela ukuxhuzula okuphindaphindayo. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zokuxhuzula. Uninzi lwazo lunokunyangwa ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane.

Amachiza asetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukuxhuzulwa kuthiwa zii-antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Ngokutsho kweZiko leSizwe lokuPhazamiseka kweNeurological and Stroke, kukho ngaphezulu kwe-20 ye-AEDs emiselweyo. Izinketho zakho zixhomekeke kubudala bakho, indlela ophila ngayo, uhlobo lokuhlutha onalo, kunye nokuba uxhuzula kaninzi kangakanani. Ukuba ungumfazi, nabo baxhomekeke kwithuba lakho lokukhulelwa.

Zimbini iintlobo zamachiza okuthimba: i-AEDs emxinwa kunye neAEDs ezibanzi. Abanye abantu banokufuna ukuthatha amayeza angaphezu kwelinye ukukhusela ukuxhuzula.

Iimpawu ezimxinwa ze-AEDs

I-AEDs ye-spectrum emxinwa yenzelwe iintlobo ezithile zokubanjwa. La machiza asetyenziswa ukuba ukubanjwa kwakho kwenzeka kwindawo ethile yengqondo rhoqo. Nazi ii-AEDs ezimxinwa, ezidweliswe ngokwe-alfabhethi:

ICarbamazepine (iCarbatrol, iTegretol, iEpitol, iEquetro)

I-Carbamazepine isetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukuxhuzula okwenzeka kwi-lobe yexeshana. Esi sidakamizwa sinokukunceda ukunyanga okwesibini, okukhethiweyo, kunye nokuhlaselwa. Inxibelelana namanye amachiza amaninzi. Qinisekisa ukuba uxelele ugqirha wakho ngawo onke amayeza owathathayo.

IClobazam (Onfi)

I-Clobazam inceda ukuthintela ukungabikho, ukubanjwa, kunye nokuthimba. Yeyodidi lweziyobisi ekuthiwa yi-benzodiazepines. La machiza ahlala esetyenziselwa ukuhlala, ukulala kunye noxinzelelo. Ngokwe-Epilepsy Foundation, eli yeza linokusetyenziswa kubantwana abaneminyaka emi-2 ubudala. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, eli chiza linokubangela ukusabela okukhulu kolusu.

IDiazepam (iValium, iDiastat)

I-Diazepam isetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukuhlangana kunye nokuxhuzula ixesha elide. Eli chiza kwakhona benzodiazepine.

I-Divalproex (iDepakote)

I-Divalproex (i-Depakote) isetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukungabikho, inxenye, ubunzima obuntsonkothileyo kunye nokubanjwa okuninzi. Yonyusa ukubakho kwe-gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). I-GABA sisithintelo se-neurotransmitter. Oko kuthetha ukuba kunciphisa ukujikeleza kwemithambo-luvo phantsi. Esi siphumo sinceda ukulawula ukuxhuzula.

I-eslicarbazepine acetate (i-Aptiom)

Eli chiza lisetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukuqaleka okungagqibelelanga. Kucingelwa ukuba kusebenza ngokuthintela amajelo esodiyam. Ukwenza oku kunciphisa ukulandelelana kwemithambo-luvo ekubanjweni.

I-AEDs ezibanzi

Ukuba unodidi olunye lokubanjwa, i-AED ebanzi inokuba lolona khetho kunyango lwakho. La machiza ayilelwe ukuthintela ukubanjwa kwiindawo ezingaphezulu kwesinye zobuchopho. Khumbula ukuba ii-AED ezinamacala amancinci zisebenza kuphela kwicandelo elinye lobuchopho. Ezi AEDs ezibanzi ezibanzi zidweliswa ngokwee-alfabhethi ngamagama abo aqhelekileyo.

IClonazepam (iKlonopin)

IClonazepam yibenzodiazepine esebenza ixesha elide. Isetyenziselwa ukuphatha iintlobo ezininzi zokubanjwa. Oku kubandakanya i-myoclonic, i-akinetic, kunye nokubanjwa okungabikho.

IClorazepate (iTranxene-T)

IClorazepate yi-benzodiazepine. Isetyenziswe njengonyango olongezelelweyo lokubamba ngokukodwa.

I-Ezogabine (Potiga)

Le AED isetyenziswa njengonyango olongezelelweyo. Isetyenziselwa ukuxhamla ngokubanzi, ukuxhathisa, kunye nokuxhamla ngokukodwa. Akuqondwa ngokupheleleyo ukuba isebenza njani. Isebenza imijelo ye potassium. Esi siphumo sizinzisa ukudubula kwakho kwe-neuron.

Eli chiza linokuchaphazela i-retina yamehlo akho kwaye lenzakalise umbono wakho. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, eli chiza lisetyenziswa kuphela emva kokuba ungaphenduli kwamanye amayeza. Ukuba ugqirha wakho ukunika eli chiza, uyakufuna iimviwo zamehlo rhoqo kwiinyanga ezintandathu. Ukuba eli chiza alisebenzeli idosi ephezulu, ugqirha wakho uza kuyeka unyango lwakho ngalo. Oku kukuthintela imiba yamehlo.

I-Felbamate (Felbatol)

I-Felbamate isetyenziselwa ukunyanga phantse zonke iintlobo zokubanjwa kwabantu abangaphenduliyo kolunye unyango. Ingasetyenziswa njengonyango olunye okanye ngokudibanisa namanye amachiza. Isetyenziswa xa ezinye iziyobisi zisilele. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimandundu zibandakanya ianemia kunye nokusilela kwesibindi.

ILamotrigine (iLamictal)

I-Lamotrigine (iLamictal) inokunyanga uluhlu olubanzi lokuxhuzula. Abantu abathatha eli chiza kufuneka babukele imeko enqabileyo nenobungozi yolusu ebizwa ngokuba yiStevens-Johnson syndrome. Iimpawu zinokubandakanya ukuphalaza ulusu lwakho.

ILevetiracetam (iKeppra, iSpritam)

I-Levetiracetam yonyango lodidi lokuqala ngokubanzi, ngokungakhethiyo, ukungabikho komzimba, ukungabikho, kunye nezinye iintlobo zokubanjwa. Ngokokutsho, eli chiza linokunyanga ukugxila, ngokubanzi, i-idiopathic, okanye ukuxhuzula okungumqondiso kubantu bayo yonke iminyaka. Eli chiza linokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbalwa kunezinye iziyobisi ezisetyenziselwa ukuxhuzula.

ILorazepam (Ativan)

ILorazepam (Ativan) isetyenziselwa ukunyanga imeko yokuxhuzula (ixesha elide, ukubanjwa okubalulekileyo). Luhlobo lwe-benzodiazepine.

I-Primidone (iMysoline)

I-Primidone isetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-myoclonic, i-tonic-clonic, kunye nokugxila okujolise kuyo. Kwakhona kusetyenziswa ukunyanga i-myoclonic epilepsy yolutsha.

Itopiramate (iTopamax, iQudexy XR, iTrokendi XR)

I-Topiramate isetyenziswa njengonyango olunye okanye oludibeneyo. Isetyenziselwa ukunyanga zonke iintlobo zokubanjwa kwabantu abadala kunye nabantwana.

IValproic acid (iDepacon, iDepakene, iDepakote, iStavzor)

IValproic acid yindawo ebanzi yeAED. Kuvunyiwe ukunyanga uninzi lokuxhuzula. Ingasetyenziselwa yona okanye kunyango oludibeneyo. I-Valproic acid inyusa ukufumaneka kwe-GABA. I-GABA engakumbi inceda ukuzola kwe-nerve firings ngokungxamisekileyo ekubanjweni.

IZonisamide (iZonegran)

I-Zonisamide (i-Zonegran) isetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukuxhuzulwa kunye nezinye iintlobo zokuxhuzula. Nangona kunjalo, kunokubangela iziphumo ezibi kakhulu. Oku kubandakanya iingxaki zengqondo, ukwehla kobunzima, kunye namatye ezintso.

Thetha nogqirha wakho

Ngaphambi kokuba uthathe i-AED, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubangela. Ezinye ii-AEDs zinokwenza ukubanjwa kube kubi ngakumbi kwabanye abantu. Sebenzisa eli nqaku njengendawo yokutsiba ukubuza ugqirha wakho ulwazi oluthe kratya. Ukusebenza nogqirha kunokukunceda nobabini ukhethe ichiza lokuthimba elilungele wena.