I-Myelomeningocele: yintoni, iimpawu, oonobangela kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Yintoni ebangela i-myelomeningocele
• Unyango lwenziwa njani
• Lwenziwa njani utyando
• Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba kwenziwe utyando esibelekweni?
• I-Physiotherapy ye-myelomeningocele
• Xa ubuyela kwagqirha

I-Myelomeningocele lolona hlobo luqatha lwespina bifida, apho amathambo omqolo womntwana engakhuli kakuhle ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ebangela ukubonakala kwesingxobo ngasemva esine-spinal cord, luvo kunye ne-cerebrospinal fluid.

Ngokubanzi, ukubonakala kwesingxobo se-myelomeningocele kuhlala rhoqo emazantsi omqolo, kodwa inokuvela naphina emqolo, ibangele umntwana ukuba aphulukane nobuntununtunu kunye nokusebenza kwamalungu angaphantsi kwendawo yotshintsho.

I-Myelomeningocele ayinanyango kuba, nangona kunokwenzeka ukunciphisa ibhegi ngoqhaqho, izilonda ezibangelwa yingxaki azinakuguqulwa ngokupheleleyo.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Olona phawu luphambili lwe-myelomeningocele kukubonakala kwesingxobo kumqolo womntwana, nangona kunjalo, ezinye iimpawu zibandakanya:

• Ubunzima okanye ukungabikho kokuhamba emilenzeni;
• Buthathaka kwezihlunu;
• Ukuphulukana nobuntununtunu kubushushu okanye kubanda;
• Ukungahambi kakuhle komchamo kunye nelindle;
• Ukulungiswa kwemilenze okanye iinyawo.

Ngokwesiqhelo, ukuxilongwa kwe-myelomeningocele kwenziwa kanye ngexesha lokuzalwa kunye nokujongwa kwengxowa kumqolo womntwana. Ukongeza, ugqirha uhlala ecela iimviwo ze-neurological ukukhangela nayiphi na inxaxheba.

Yintoni ebangela i-myelomeningocele

Unobangela we-myelomeningocele awukasekwa kakuhle, nangona kunjalo kukholelwa ukuba sisiphumo sezinto zofuzo kunye nokusingqongileyo, kwaye ihlala inxulumene nembali yokungalunganga komqolo kusapho okanye ukusilela kwe-folic acid.

Ukongeza, abasetyhini abasebenzisa amayeza athile e-anticonvulsant ngexesha lokukhulelwa, okanye abanesifo seswekile, umzekelo, kunokwenzeka ukuba babe ne-myelomeningocele.

Ukuthintela i-myelomeningocele, kubalulekile ukuba abasetyhini abakhulelweyo bongeze i-folic acid ngaphambi nangexesha lokukhulelwa, kuba ukongeza kuthintelo lwe-myelomeningocele, kuthintela ukuzalwa kwangaphambi kwexesha kunye ne-pre-eclampsia, umzekelo. Jonga indlela i-folic acid yokuncedisa ekufuneka yenziwe ngayo ngexesha lokukhulelwa.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango lwe-myelomeningocele luhlala luqala ngaphakathi kweeyure ezingama-48 zokuqala emva kokuzalwa ngotyando ukulungisa utshintsho kumqolo kunye nokuthintela ukuqala kosulelo okanye izilonda ezitsha kwintambo yomqolo, ukunciphisa uhlobo lwe-sequelae.

Nangona unyango lwe-myelomeningocele ngoqhaqho lusebenza ekunyangeni ukwenzakala komqolo wosana, alunakunyanga i-sequelae ebenayo umntwana oko wazalwa. Oko kukuthi, ukuba umntwana wazalwa ekhubazekile okanye engasebenziyo, umzekelo, ayizukunyangwa, kodwa iya kuthintela ukubonakala kwe-sequelae entsha enokuvela ekuvezweni kwentambo yomqolo.

Lwenziwa njani utyando

Utyando lokunyanga i-myelomeningocele luhlala lusenziwa esibhedlele phantsi kwe-anesthesia ngokubanzi kwaye kufanelekile, ukuba lwenziwe liqela eliqukethe i-neurosurgeon kunye nogqirha weplastikhi. Kungenxa yokuba ihlala ilandela inyathelo ngenyathelo:

1. Intambo yomqolo ivaliwe yi-neurosurgeon;
2. Imisipha yangasemva ivaliwe ngugqirha wotyando kunye ne-neurosurgeon;
3. Ulusu luvaliwe ngugqirha weplastikhi.

Rhoqo, njengoko kukho ulusu oluncinci olufumanekayo kwindawo ye-myelomeningocele, ugqirha wotyando kufuneka asuse iqhekeza lolusu kwenye indawo yomqolo okanye ezantsi yosana, ukwenza isicatshulwa kunye nokuvala ukuvuleka ngasemva.

Ukongeza, uninzi lweentsana ezine-myelomeningocele nazo zinokuphuhlisa i-hydrocephalus, eyingxaki ebangela ukufumba okungaphezulu kolwelo ngaphakathi kukakayi kwaye, ke, kunokuba yimfuneko ukuba kwenziwe utyando olutsha emva konyaka wokuqala wobomi ukubeka inkqubo enceda ukukhupha ulwelo kwamanye amalungu omzimba. Funda kabanzi malunga nendlela i-hydrocephalus ephathwa ngayo.

Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba kwenziwe utyando esibelekweni?

Nangona kunqabile rhoqo, kwezinye izibhedlele, kukwakhona ukhetho lotyando lokuphelisa i-myelomeningocele ngaphambi kokuphela kokukhulelwa, ngaphakathi kwisibeleko somfazi okhulelweyo.

Olu tyando lunokwenziwa kwiiveki ezingama-24, kodwa yinkqubo ebuthathaka kakhulu ekufuneka yenziwe kuphela ngugqirha oqeqeshiweyo, ogqiba ukwenza utyando lubize kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, iziphumo zotyando esibelekweni zibonakala zingcono, kuba mancinci amathuba okonzakala kwethambo lomqolo ngexesha lokukhulelwa.

I-Physiotherapy ye-myelomeningocele

I-Physiotherapy ye-myelomeningocele kufuneka yenziwe ngexesha lokukhula komntwana kunye nenkqubo yophuhliso ukugcina ukuphakama kwamalungu kunye nokuphepha ukubola kwemisipha.

Ukongeza, unyango lomzimba lukwayindlela entle yokukhuthaza abantwana ukuba bajongane nokusikelwa umda kwabo, njengakwimeko yokukhubazeka, ebavumela ukuba baphile ngokuzimeleyo, ngokusebenzisa iintonga okanye isitulo esinamavili, umzekelo.

Xa ubuyela kwagqirha

Emva kokuba umntwana ephumile esibhedlele kubalulekile ukuba uye kwagqirha xa iimpawu ezinje:

• Umkhuhlane ongaphezu kwama-38ºC;
• Ukungabikho komnqweno wokudlala nokungakhathali;
• Ubomvu kwindawo yotyando;
• Ukwehla kwamandla kumalungu angachaphazelekiyo;
• Ukugabha rhoqo;
• Indawo ethambileyo ecekeceke.

Ezi mpawu zingabonisa iingxaki ezinzulu, ezinjengosulelo okanye i-hydrocephalus, kwaye ke kubalulekile ukuba uye kwigumbi likaxakeka ngokukhawuleza.