Iintsomi nenyaniso malunga nesifo sikagawulayo

Umxholo

• 1. Abantu abane-HIV kufuneka basebenzise iikhondom rhoqo.
• 2. Ukwanga emlonyeni kudlulisa i-HIV.
• 3. Umfazi womntu one-HIV usenokungabi nayo intsholongwane.
• 4. Indoda okanye umfazi one-HIV akakwazi ukuba nabantwana.
• 5. Abantu abane-HIV akukho mfuneko yokuba basebenzise iikhondom ukuba iqabane lakho nalo linentsholongwane.
• 6. Abo bane-HIV bane-AIDS.
• 7. Ndingayifumana i-HIV ngokwabelana ngesondo ngomlomo.
• 8. Izinto zokudlala zokwabelana ngesondo zikwasasaza intsholongwane kagawulayo.
• 9. Ukuba ngaba uvavanyo luthi awunayo, andinayo i-HIV.
• 10. Kuyenzeka ukuba uphile kakuhle une-HIV.

Intsholongwane kaGawulayo yafunyanwa ngo-1984 kwaye kule minyaka ingama-30 idlulileyo kuninzi okutshintshileyo. Inzululwazi iguqukile kwaye i-cocktail ebikade igubungele ukusetyenziswa kwenani elikhulu lamayeza, namhlanje inenani elincinci nelisebenza ngokukuko, kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbalwa.

Nangona kunjalo, nangona ixesha kunye nomgangatho wobomi bomntu osulelekileyo unyuke kakhulu, i-HIV ayinanyango okanye isitofu Ukongeza, kusoloko kukho amathandabuzo malunga nalo mba kwaye yiyo loo nto sizihlule apha iintsomi eziphambili kunye neenyaniso ngokunxulumene nentsholongwane kaGawulayo kunye noGawulayo ukuze wazi kakuhle.

1. Abantu abane-HIV kufuneka basebenzise iikhondom rhoqo.

INYANISO: Bonke abantu abanentsholongwane kaGawulayo bacetyiswa ukuba babelane ngesondo kuphela kunye nekhondom ukukhusela amaqabane abo. Iikhondom lolona hlobo lokuzikhusela kwintsholongwane kaGawulayo kwaye ke ngoko kufuneka zisetyenziswe kunxibelelwano olusenyongweni, kwaye kufuneka zitshintshwe emva kokuphuma nganye.

2. Ukwanga emlonyeni kudlulisa i-HIV.

UBUXOKI: Ukudibana namathe akuyidluliseli kwintsholongwane kagawulayo kwaye ke ukwanga emlonyeni kungenzeka ngaphandle kobunzima kwisazela, ngaphandle kokuba amaqabane anesilonda emlonyeni, kuba nanini na xa kunxibelelana negazi kukho umngcipheko wokosulela.

3. Umfazi womntu one-HIV usenokungabi nayo intsholongwane.

INYANISO: Ukuba owasetyhini one-HIV uyakhulelwa kwaye afumane unyango olufanelekileyo ngalo lonke ixesha lokukhulelwa, umngcipheko wokuba umntwana azalwe enentsholongwane mncinci. Nangona ukuhanjiswa okungekho semngciphekweni kukhetho lokuyeka okokugqibela, owasetyhini unokukhetha ukuhanjiswa okuqhelekileyo, kodwa umsebenzi ophindwe kabini ngegazi kunye nolwelo lomzimba luyimfuneko ukunqanda ukungcolisa umntwana. Nangona kunjalo, umfazi akakwazi ukuncancisa kuba intsholongwane iyadlula ebisini kwaye ingamngcolisa umntwana.

4. Indoda okanye umfazi one-HIV akakwazi ukuba nabantwana.

UBUXOKI: Umfazi onentsholongwane kaGawulayo angakhulelwa kodwa kufuneka enze iimvavanyo zokufumanisa ukuba ngaba umthamo wakhe wentsholongwane awunayo na kwaye kufuneka athathe onke amayeza ugqirha amxelela ukuba angangcolisi umntwana. Ngayiphi na imeko, ukuba indoda okanye umfazi unesifo seropositive ukunqanda ukungcoliseka kweqabane, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kwenziwe in vitro fertilization, kucetyiswa ngakumbi ukuba kusetyenziswe ubuchule be-intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Kule meko, ugqirha ususa amanye amaqanda emfazini kwaye elebhu afake isidoda sendoda kwiqanda kwaye emva kweeyure ezimbalwa ufake ezi seli kwisibeleko sowasetyhini.

5. Abantu abane-HIV akukho mfuneko yokuba basebenzise iikhondom ukuba iqabane lakho nalo linentsholongwane.

UBUXOKI: Nangona iqabane linayo i-HIV, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe iikhondom kunxibelelwano olusenyongweni kuba kukho iindidi ezahlukeneyo zentsholongwane kaGawulayo kwaye zinemithwalo eyahlukeneyo yentsholongwane. Ke ukuba umntu une-HIV yohlobo loku-1 kuphela kodwa iqabane lakhe line-HIV 2, ukuba babelana ngesondo ngaphandle kwekhondom bobabini banazo zombini ezi ntlobo zentsholongwane, okwenza unyango lube nzima ngakumbi.

6. Abo bane-HIV bane-AIDS.

UBUXOKI: INTSHOLONGWANE KAGAWULAYO ​​ibhekisa kwintsholongwane yomzimba kunye ne-AIDS sisifo esichaphazela ukungabikho komzimba kwaye ngenxa yoko la magama awanakusetyenziswa ngokungafaniyo. Ukuba nentsholongwane akuthethi ukuba uyagula kwaye yiyo loo nto igama elithi AIDS libonakaliswa kuphela xa umntu esiba mnandi ngenxa yokuba buthathaka kwamajoni akhe omzimba kwaye kungathatha ngaphezulu kweminyaka eli-10 ukwenzeka.

7. Ndingayifumana i-HIV ngokwabelana ngesondo ngomlomo.

INYANISO: Umntu ofumana isondo ngomlomo akanabungozi bokungcola, kodwa umntu owabelana ngesondo ngomlomo unobungozi bokuba angosuleleka nakweliphi na inqanaba, kokubini ekuqaleni kwesenzo, xa kukho into yokuthambisa yendalo yendoda, kwaye ngexesha lokuchama . Kungenxa yoko le nto kucetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe ikhondomu nokuba ungabelana ngesondo ngomlomo.

8. Izinto zokudlala zokwabelana ngesondo zikwasasaza intsholongwane kagawulayo.

INYANISO: Sebenzisa into yokudlala ngesondo emva kokuba umntu one-HIV usenokudlulisela le ntsholongwane, emenze umntu osulelekileyo, ngoko ke akukhuthazwa ukuba wabelane ngezi zinto zokudlala.

9. Ukuba ngaba uvavanyo luthi awunayo, andinayo i-HIV.

UBUXOKI: Emva kokudibana ne-HIV, umzimba womntu ungathatha ukuya kwiinyanga ezi-6 ukuvelisa izilwa-buhlungu zokulwa i-HIV 1 kunye no-2 ezinokuchongwa kuvavanyo lwe-HIV. Ke ngoko, ukuba ubukhe waziphatha ngendlela eyingozi ngelixa usabelana ngesondo ngaphandle kwekhondom, kufuneka wenze uvavanyo lwakho lokuqala lwe-HIV kwaye emva kweenyanga ezi-6 kufuneka uphinde wenze olunye uvavanyo. Ukuba ngaba iziphumo zovavanyo lwesi-2 nazo azinayo, oku kubonisa ukuba khange wosulelwe.

10. Kuyenzeka ukuba uphile kakuhle une-HIV.

INYANISO: Ngokuqhubela phambili kwesayensi, ii-antiretrovirals zisebenza kakuhle kwaye zineziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezimbalwa, zizisa umgangatho wobomi obungcono. Ukongeza, kule mihla abantu banolwazi ngakumbi kwaye akukho kucalucalulo ngokunxulumene nentsholongwane kaGawulayo kunye noGawulayo, nangona kunjalo kubalulekile ukwenza unyango ngokuthatha amayeza aboniswe ngugqirha, usoloko usebenzisa iikhondom kwaye uqhuba iimviwo kunye nokubonisana kwezonyango. rhoqo.