Into omele uyazi malunga neentshukumo zokuzibandakanya

Umxholo

• Zeziphi iintlobo zentshukumo engalawulekiyo?
• I-Tardive dyskinesia (TD)
• Iinyikima
• Myoclonus
• IiTics
• I-Athetosis
• Yintoni ebangela intshukumo engalawulekiyo?
• Ebantwaneni
• Kubantu abadala
• Ufunyaniswa njani unobangela wokuhamba okungalawulekiyo?
• Uvavanyo lokuchonga
• Zithini iindlela zokhetho zentshukumo engalawulekiyo?

Ushwankathelo

Ukuhamba okungazibandakanyi kwenzeka xa uhambisa umzimba wakho ngendlela engalawulekiyo nengajoliswanga kuyo. Ezi ntshukumo zinokuba yiyo nantoni na ukusuka ngokukhawuleza, ukujija iiteki ukuya kwiinyikima ezinde kunye nokubanjwa.

Unako ukufumana ezi ntshukumo phantse kulo naliphi na ilungu lomzimba, kubandakanya:

• intamo
• ubuso
• imilenze

Zininzi iintlobo zeentshukumo ezingalawulekiyo kunye noonobangela. Ukuhamba okungalawulekiyo kwindawo enye okanye ezingaphezulu zomzimba kunokuphela ngokukhawuleza kwezinye iimeko. Kwabanye, ezi ntshukumo yingxaki eqhubekayo kwaye inokuba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Zeziphi iintlobo zentshukumo engalawulekiyo?

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zokuhamba okungazibandakanyi. Umonakalo wamathambo, umzekelo, uhlala uvelisa izihlunu ezincinci zemisipha kwimisipha echaphazelekayo. Ezona ntlobo ziphambili zokuhamba okungazibandakanyi zibandakanya oku kulandelayo:

I-Tardive dyskinesia (TD)

I-Tardive dyskinesia (TD) yimeko ye-neurological. Ivela kwingqondo kwaye yenzeka ngokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ze-neuroleptic. Oogqirha bamisela la machiza ukunyanga ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo.

Abantu abane-TD bahlala bebonisa ukuphindaphinda okungalawulekiyo kobuso obunokubandakanya:

• grimacing
• ukuqhwanyaza ngokukhawuleza kwamehlo
• ulwimi olukhulayo
• ukubetha kwemilebe
• ukutyhoboza kwemilebe
• ukulandela imilebe

Ngokutsho kweZiko leLizwe lokuPhazamiseka kweNeurological and Stroke (NINDS), kukho amayeza ambalwa abonise ukusebenza. Kuya kufuneka uthethe nogqirha wakho ukuze ufumane ukuba loluphi unyango olulungele wena.

Iinyikima

Iinyikima ziintshukumo zesingqi somzimba. Kungenxa yokuphazamiseka kwemisipha ngamaxesha athile.

Ngokwesikolo i-Stanford School of Medicine, uninzi lwabantu luye luthuthumele ekuphenduleni izinto ezinje:

• iswekile esezantsi yegazi
• ukurhoxisa utywala
• ukudinwa

Nangona kunjalo, iinyikima zinokwenzeka kunye neemeko ezibaluleke ngakumbi, ezinje:

• isifo sokuqinelwa yimithambo (multiple sclerosis) (MS)
• Isifo sikaParkinson

Myoclonus

I-Myoclonus ibonakaliswa ngokukhawuleza, ukunyaniseka, ukunyakaza. Zinokwenzeka ngokwendalo:

• ngexesha lokulala
• ngamaxesha othukayo

Nangona kunjalo, banokubakho ngenxa yeemeko zempilo ezinzulu, ezinje:

• ukuxhuzula
• Isifo se-Alzheimer

IiTics

Iitics ziquququ, ukuphindaphinda iintshukumo. Ziye zahlulwa njengezilula okanye ezintsonkothileyo, kuxhomekeke ekubeni zibandakanya inani elincinci okanye elikhulu lamaqela emisipha.

Ukunyusa kakhulu amagxa okanye ukutshintsha iminwe ngumzekelo we-tic elula. Ukuphindaphinda ngokuphindaphindiweyo kunye nokubetha iingalo zomntu ngumzekelo we-tic tata.

Kubantu abancinci, ii-tics zihlala zenzeka nge-Tourette syndrome. Iimpawu zeemoto ezenzeka ngenxa yesi sifo zinganyamalala ixesha elifutshane. Ukuba uhlala ne-Tourette syndrome, unokukwazi ukubathintela kwinqanaba elithile.

Kubantu abadala, ii-tics zinokwenzeka njengophawu lwesifo sika-Parkinson. Ukuqala kwabantu abadala kunokuba ngenxa:

• umothuko
• ukusetyenziswa kwamachiza athile, anje ngemethamphetamines

I-Athetosis

Oku kubhekisa kwiintshukumo ezicothayo, ezikrwada. Ngokutsho kweStanford School of Medicine, olu hlobo lokuhamba ngokungakhathali luhlala luchaphazela izandla neengalo.

Yintoni ebangela intshukumo engalawulekiyo?

Zininzi izinto ezinokubangela intshukumo yokungazibandakanyi. Ngokubanzi, intshukumo engazibandakanyi iphakamisa ukonakala kwimithambo-luvo okanye kwiindawo zobuchopho bakho ezichaphazela ukulungelelaniswa kweemoto. Nangona kunjalo, iimeko ezahlukeneyo ezisisiseko zinokuvelisa intshukumo yokungazibandakanyi.

Ebantwaneni

Kubantwana, ezinye zezona zinto zixhaphakileyo zokuhamba okungazibandakanyi zezi:

• i-hypoxia, okanye i-oxygen engonelanga ngexesha lokuzalwa
• I-kernicterus, ebangelwa yi-pigment engaphezulu eveliswa sisibindi esibizwa ngokuba yi-bilirubin
• i-cerebral palsy, sisifo sengqondo esichaphazela intshukumo yomzimba kunye nokusebenza kwezihlunu

I-Kernicterus ngoku ayifane ibonwe e-United States ngenxa yokuhlolwa rhoqo kwe-bilirubin yabo bonke abantwana abasandul 'ukuzalwa.

Kubantu abadala

Kubantu abadala, ezinye zezizathu eziqhelekileyo zokuhamba okungazibandakanyi zibandakanya:

• Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi
• Ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza e-neuroleptic amiselwe ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo ixesha elide
• amathumba
• ukwenzakala kwengqondo
• ukubetha
• ukuphazamiseka komzimba, njengesifo sikaParkinson
• iingxaki zokubanjwa
• igcushuwa enganyangekiyo
• izifo ze-thyroid
• ukuphazamiseka kwemfuza, kubandakanya isifo sikaHuntington kunye nesifo sikaWilson

Ufunyaniswa njani unobangela wokuhamba okungalawulekiyo?

Yenza idinga nogqirha wakho ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho uneentshukumo eziqhubekayo, ezingalawulekiyo zomzimba kwaye awuqinisekanga ngesizathu.

Ukuqeshwa kwakho kuya kuqala kudliwanondlebe olunzulu lwezonyango. Ugqirha wakho uya kuthi aqwalasele imbali yakho yobuqu kunye neyosapho, kubandakanya nawaphi na amayeza owathathayo okanye awenzileyo ngaphambili.

Eminye imibuzo inokubandakanya:

• Iqale nini kwaye njani intshukumo?
• Ngawaphi amalungu omzimba achaphazelekayo?
• Yintoni ebonakala ngathi yenza iintshukumo zibe mandundu okanye zibengcono?
• Ngaba uxinzelelo luchaphazela ezi ntshukumo?
• Zihamba kangaphi iintshukumo?
• Ngaba intshukumo iya isiba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha?

Kubalulekile ukukhankanya naziphi na ezinye iimpawu onokuthi ube nazo kunye nezi ntshukumo zingalawuleki.Ezinye iimpawu kunye neempendulo zakho kwimibuzo kagqirha wakho ziluncedo kakhulu ekuthatheni isigqibo ngeyona ndlela ilungileyo yonyango.

Uvavanyo lokuchonga

Ngokuxhomekeke kwisizathu esikrokrelwayo, ugqirha wakho unoku-odola uvavanyo olunye okanye nangaphezulu. Oku kunokubandakanya iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo zegazi, ezinje:

• Izifundo ze-electrolyte
• Uvavanyo lomsebenzi we-thyroid ukukhusela ukungasebenzi kwe-thyroid
• ityhubhu yeserum okanye uvavanyo lwe-serum ceruloplasmin ukulawula isifo sikaWilson
• i-syphilis serology ukulawula i-neurosyphilis
• iimvavanyo zovavanyo lwezifo zesisu zokulawula inkqubo ye-lupus erythematosus (SLE) kunye nezinye izifo ezinxulumene noko
• uvavanyo lwe-serum calcium
• ubalo lweeseli ezibomvu zegazi (RBC)

Ugqirha wakho unokucela kwakhona:

• uvavanyo lomchamo ukulawula iityhefu
• impompo yomqolo kuhlalutyo lomqolo wamanzi
• i-MRI okanye i-CT scan yengqondo ukukhangela ubuchwephesha bobume bayo
• i-electroencephalogram (i-EEG)

Uvavanyo lwePsychopharmacology lunokuba luncedo kuvavanyo lokuqonda isifo. Nangona kunjalo, oku kuxhomekeke ekubeni uthatha iziyobisi okanye izinto ezithile.

Umzekelo, i-TD sisiphumo esecaleni sokusebenzisa ii-neuroleptics ngexesha elithile. Nokuba unayo i-TD okanye enye imeko, iziphumo zalo naliphi na iyeza kufuneka livavanywe ngexesha lovavanyo. Oku kuya kunceda ugqirha wakho enze uxilongo olusebenzayo.

Zithini iindlela zokhetho zentshukumo engalawulekiyo?

Indlela ojonga ngayo iyahluka, kuxhomekeke kubukhali beli phawu. Nangona kunjalo, amanye amayeza anokunciphisa ubunzima. Umzekelo, iyeza elinye okanye nangaphezulu anokunceda ukugcina ukungalawuleki kokuhamba okunxulunyaniswa nokuphazamiseka kokubanjwa kubuncinci.

Umsebenzi womzimba ngaphakathi kwezikhokelo zikagqirha unokunceda ukuphucula ukulungelelanisa kwakho. Inokukunceda nokucotha ukonakala kwemisipha. Iindlela ezinokubakho zomzimba zibandakanya:

• ukuqubha
• ukuzolula
• ukuzilolonga
• ukuhamba

Unokufumana inkxaso kunye namaqela okuzinceda eluncedo ukuba uneentshukumo ezingalawulekiyo. Buza ugqirha wakho ngoncedo ekufumaneni nasekujoyineni ezi ntlobo zamaqela.