I-renal biopsy: izikhombisi, ukuba zenziwa njani kunye nokulungiselela

Umxholo

• Iimpawu zesifo sezintso
• Kwenziwa njani
• Ukulungiselela i-biopsy yezintso
• Ukungqinelana kunye neengxaki ezinokwenzeka

Uvavanyo lwezintso luvavanyo lonyango apho kuthathwa khona isampulu encinci yezicubu zezintso ukuze kuphandwe ngezifo ezichaphazela izintso okanye ukukhapha abaguli abaye bakhutshelwa izintso, umzekelo. I-biopsy kufuneka yenziwe esibhedlele kwaye umntu makagcinwe phantsi kweliso kangangexesha leeyure ezili-12 ukuze ugqirha abeke esweni ukuvela komntu kunye nenani legazi kumchamo.

Ngaphambi kokwenza i-biopsy, kufuneka kwenziwe olunye uvavanyo, olufana ne-coagulogram kunye novavanyo lomchamo, ukongeza kwi-ultrasound ye-renal, ukujonga ubukho be-cysts, ukumila kwezintso kunye neempawu zezintso, kwaye ke, jonga ukuba kunokwenzeka ukwenza i-biopsy. Ukusebenza kwale nkqubo akubonakaliswanga ukuba umntu unesintso esinye, unempawu kunye neempawu zokosuleleka, une-hemophilic okanye une-polycystic kidney.

Iimpawu zesifo sezintso

I-nephrologist ingabonisa ukusebenza kwe-biopsy ye-renal xa inani elikhulu leeproteni kunye / okanye igazi libonwa kumchamo wemvelaphi engaziwayo, kwimeko yokungaphumeleli kwezintso okungaphuculiyo nasemva kokufakelwa kwezintso ukuze kubekwe esweni isigulana.

Ke, i-biopsy yezintso iboniswa ukuba iphande izifo ezichaphazela izintso kwaye iqinisekise isifo, njenge:

• Ukungaphumeleli kakuhle kwezintso;
• Glomerulonephritis;
• Lupus nephritis;
• Ukusilela kwezintso.

Ukongeza, i-renal biopsy inokuboniswa ukuvavanya impendulo yesi sifo kunyango kunye nokuqinisekisa ubungakanani bokuphazamiseka kwezintso.

Ayililo lonke ixesha kukho utshintsho kwiziphumo eziyimfuneko zokwenza i-biopsy. Oko kukuthi, ukuba umntu unegazi kumchamo, utshintsho kwi-creatinine okanye kwiprotheni kumchamo wedwa kwaye aluhambisani noxinzelelo lwegazi, umzekelo, i-biopsy ayiboniswanga. Ukongeza, akukho mfuneko yokwenza i-biopsy ukuba isizathu sokubandakanyeka kwezintso siyaziwa.

Kwenziwa njani

I-biopsy kufuneka yenziwe esibhedlele, kusetyenziswa i-anesthesia yendawo kwizigulana zabantu abadala ezisebenzisana nenkqubo okanye ukuthomalalisa abantwana okanye abantu abadala abangasebenzisaniyo. Inkqubo ithatha malunga nemizuzu engama-30, nangona kunjalo kuyacetyiswa ukuba isiguli sihlale esibhedlele kangangeeyure eziyi-8 ukuya kwezi-12 emva kwenkqubo ukuze ugqirha akwazi ukuvavanya impendulo yomntu kuvavanyo.

Ngaphambi kwenkqubo, i-ultrasound yezintso kunye nenkqubo yokuchama iyenziwa ukukhangela ukuba akukho lutshintsho luyekisayo okanye lonyuse umngcipheko woviwo. Ukongeza, kwenziwa iimvavanyo zaselebhu, ezinje ngenkcubeko yegazi, i-coagulogram kunye novavanyo lomchamo ukujonga ukuba kunokwenzeka na ukwenza i-biopsy ngaphandle kwengxaki.

Ukuba yonke into iyathotyelwa, umntu ubekwa elele ngesisu kwaye uviwo lwenziwa ngoncedo lomfanekiso we-ultrasound, ovumela ukuba kuchongwe indawo efanelekileyo yokubeka inaliti. Inaliti itsala iisampulu zezicubu zezintso, nezithunyelwa elebhu ukuze zihlolwe. Uninzi lwexesha, iisampulu ezimbini zithathwa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zezintso ukuze iziphumo zichaneke ngakumbi.

Emva kwe-biopsy, isiguli kufuneka sihlale esibhedlele ukuze sijongwe kwaye akukho mngcipheko wokopha emva kwenkqubo okanye ukutshintsha koxinzelelo lwegazi. Kubalulekile kwisigulana ukwazisa ugqirha ngazo naziphi na iimpawu abazivezayo emva kwe-biopsy, ezinje ngokuchama ubunzima, ukugodola, ubukho begazi kumchamo ngaphezulu kweeyure ezingama-24 emva kokuvulwa, ukuphelelwa ngamandla okanye ukwanda kwentlungu okanye ukudumba kwendawo apho lwenziwa uviwo.

Ukulungiselela i-biopsy yezintso

Ukwenza i-biopsy, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kungabikho ziyobisi zithathwa njenge-anticoagulants, iiplatelet anti-aggregating agents okanye iziyobisi ezichasayo okungenani iveki enye ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe i-biopsy. Ukongeza, ugqirha ucebisa ukuba kwenziwe i-renal ultrasound ukujonga ubukho bezintso kuphela, amathumba, ii-cysts, i-fibrotic okanye izintso ezixineneyo ezichasene novavanyo.

Ukungqinelana kunye neengxaki ezinokwenzeka

I-biopsy ye-renal ayiboniswanga kwimeko yezintso enye, izintso ezi-atrophied okanye i-polycystic, iingxaki ze-coagulation, uxinzelelo lwegazi olungalawulekiyo okanye iimpawu zosulelo lomchamo.

I-biopsy yezintso inobungozi obuphantsi, kwaye azikho iingxaki ezininzi ezinxulumene noko. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye kunokwenzeka ukuba kukho ukopha. Ngenxa yoku, kucetyiswa ukuba umntu ahlale esibhedlele ukuze ugqirha abone ubukho balo naliphi na uphawu olubonisa ukopha ngaphakathi.