I-Mycoplasma Pneumonia

Umxholo

• Yintoni ebangela i-mycoplasma pneumonia?
• Ngubani osemngciphekweni wokuphuhlisa i-mycoplasma pneumonia?
• Zithini iimpawu zemycoplasma pneumonia?
• Ifunyaniswa njani i-mycoplasma pneumonia?
• Zithini iindlela zokhetho zonyango lwe-mycoplasma pneumonia?
• Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane
• ICorticosteroids
• Unyango lwe-Immunomodulatory
• Ndingayikhusela njani i-mycoplasma pneumonia?
• I-mycoplasma pneumonia ibachaphazela njani abantwana?
• Zeziphi iingxaki zeMycoplasma pneumonia?
• Ithini imbono yexesha elide?

Yintoni i-mycoplasma pneumonia?

I-Mycoplasma pneumonia (MP) sisifo esosulelayo sokuphefumla esisasazeka ngokulula ngokudibana namanzi okuphefumla. Ingabangela ubhubhane.

I-MP yaziwa ngokuba yi-atypical pneumonia kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba "yinyumoniya yokuhamba." Isasazeka ngokukhawuleza kwiindawo ezixineneyo, ezifana nezikolo, iikhampasi zekholeji kunye namakhaya abalupheleyo. Xa umntu owosulelekileyo ekhohlela okanye ethimla, ukufuma okuqukethe ibacteria ye-MP kukhutshwa emoyeni. Abantu abangenachaphazeleka kwimeko-bume yabo banokuphefumla ngokulula intsholongwane.

ukuba abantu bakhule kwindawo abahlala kuyo (ngaphandle kwesibhedlele) zibangelwa Mycoplasma pneumoniae iintsholongwane. Iibhaktheriya zinokubangela i-tracheobronchitis (ingqele esifubeni), umqala obuhlungu, usulelo lweendlebe kunye nenyumoniya.

Ukhohlokhohlo olomileyo luphawu oluqhelekileyo losulelo. Amatyala anganyangekiyo okanye abukhali anokuchaphazela ingqondo, intliziyo, inkqubo yemithambo-luvo, ulusu kunye nezintso kwaye zibangele i-hemolytic anemia. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, iLungu lePalamente liyabulala.

Ukuxilongwa kwangoko kunzima kuba zimbalwa iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga. Njengoko iPhalamende iqhubeka, ukucinga ngocingo kunye novavanyo lwelabhoratri kunokuba nakho ukuyifumana. Oogqirha basebenzisa i-antibiotics ukunyanga i-MP. Unokufuna i-antibiotics efakelweyo ukuba umlomo awusebenzi okanye ukuba inyumoniya inzima.

Iimpawu ze-MP zahlukile kwezo zenyumoniya ebangelwa ziintsholongwane eziqhelekileyo, ezinje nge IStreptococcus kwaye Haemophilus. Izigulana zihlala zingenakho ukuphefumla kakhulu, umkhuhlane omkhulu, kunye nesikhohlela esivelisayo kunye ne-MP. Ngokuqhelekileyo banomkhuhlane ophantsi, ukukhwehlela owomileyo, ukuphefumula okuncinci ngokukodwa ngokuzikhandla, kunye nokukhathala.

Yintoni ebangela i-mycoplasma pneumonia?

Inkqubo ye- I-Mycoplasma inyumoniya ibacteria yenye yezona zinto zaziwayo kubantu. Kukho iintlobo ezingaphezu kwama-200 ezahlukeneyo ezaziwayo. Uninzi lwabantu abanezifo zokuphefumla ezibangelwa Mycoplasma pneumoniae musa ukuvelisa inyumoniya. Nje ukuba ungene ngaphakathi emzimbeni, intsholongwane inokuthi izincamathisele kwithishu yamaphaphu kwaye iphindaphinde de kube usulelo olupheleleyo lukhula. Uninzi lweemeko ze-mycoplasma pneumonia zipholile.

Ngubani osemngciphekweni wokuphuhlisa i-mycoplasma pneumonia?

Kubantu abadala abaninzi abasempilweni, amajoni omzimba angalwa ne-MP ngaphambi kokuba ikhule ibe sisifo. Ezona zisengozini zibandakanya:

• abadala abadala
• abantu abanezifo ezibeka esichengeni amajoni abo omzimba, njenge-HIV, okanye abakwi-steroids ezinganyangekiyo, i-immunotherapy, okanye i-chemotherapy
• abantu abanesifo semiphunga
• abantu abanezifo zerhengqa
• abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka yobudala emi-5

Zithini iimpawu zemycoplasma pneumonia?

I-MP inokulinganisa usulelo oluphezulu lokuphefumla okanye ingqele eqhelekileyo kunokuba ibe sisifo sokuphefumla esisezantsi okanye inyumoniya. Kwakhona, ezi mpawu zihlala zinezi zinto zilandelayo:

• ukukhohlela owomileyo
• umkhuhlane ongapheliyo
• ukugula
• ukuphefumla kancinci

Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, usulelo lunokuba yingozi kwaye lonakalise intliziyo okanye inkqubo ye-nervous system. Imizekelo yezi ngxaki ibandakanya:

• isifo samathambo, apho amalungu adumba khona
• I-pericarditis, ukudumba kwe-pericardium ejikeleze intliziyo
• Isifo sikaGuillain-Barré, isifo esingasebenzi kakuhle kwengqondo esinokukhokelela ekukhubazekeni nasekufeni
• i-encephalitis, ukudumba okunokubusongela ubomi kwengqondo
• ukusilela kwezintso
• i-hemolytic anemia
• iimeko ezinqabileyo nezinobungozi zesikhumba ezinje ngesifo seStevens-Johnson kunye necrolysis enetyhefu
• iingxaki ezinqabileyo zendlebe ezinje nge-bullous myringitis

Ifunyaniswa njani i-mycoplasma pneumonia?

I-MP ihlala ikhula ngaphandle kweempawu ezibonakalayo zokuqala ukuya kwiiveki ezintathu emva kokuvezwa. Ukuxilongwa kwinqanaba lokuqala kunzima kuba umzimba awubonakalisi kwangoko usulelo.

Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, usulelo lunokubonakalisa ngaphandle komphunga wakho. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, iimpawu zosulelo zinokubandakanya ukwahlukana kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi, irhashalala kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba ngokudibeneyo. Uvavanyo lwezonyango lunokubonisa ubungqina bosulelo lwe-MP kwiintsuku ezintathu ukuya kwezisixhenxe emva kokuvela kweempawu zokuqala.

Ukuze ufumane ukuxilongwa, ugqirha wakho usebenzisa i-stethoscope ukuphulaphula naziphi na izandi ezingaqhelekanga ekuphefumlweni kwakho. Isifuba X-reyi kunye novavanyo lwe-CT lunokunceda ugqirha wakho ukuba enze isifo. Ugqirha wakho unoku-odola uvavanyo lwegazi ukuqinisekisa usulelo.

Zithini iindlela zokhetho zonyango lwe-mycoplasma pneumonia?

Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane

Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ngumgca wokuqala wonyango lwe-MP. Abantwana bafumana amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ahlukeneyo kunabantu abadala ukuthintela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokuba yingozi.

IiMacrolides, ukhetho lokuqala lwee-antibiotics zabantwana, zibandakanya:

• erythromycin
• ukucacisa
• kwitshya
• izithromycin

Amayeza okubulala abantu abadala aquka:

• mzantsiweb
• yitshisa
• quinolones, ezinjenge-levofloxacin kunye ne-moxifloxacin

ICorticosteroids

Ngamanye amaxesha i-antibiotics iyodwa ayonelanga kwaye kufuneka uphathwe nge-corticosteroids ukulawula ukudumba. Imizekelo yecorticosteroids ibandakanya:

• yingca
• imethylprednisolone

Unyango lwe-Immunomodulatory

Ukuba une-MP ebukhali, unokufuna olunye "unyango lwe-immunomodulatory" ukongeza kwi-corticosteroids, enje nge-intravenous immunoglobulin okanye i-IVIG.

Ndingayikhusela njani i-mycoplasma pneumonia?

Umngcipheko wokufumana ikhontrakthi ze-MP kwiinyanga zasebusika nakwiinyanga zasebusika. Iindawo ezivaliweyo okanye ezixineneyo zenza kube lula ukuba usulelo ludlulise ukusuka emntwini luye emntwini.

Ukunciphisa umngcipheko wosulelo, zama oku kulandelayo:

• Fumana iiyure ezintandathu ukuya kwezisibhozo zokulala ngobusuku ngabunye.
• Yitya ukutya okunezondlo.
• Kuphephe abantu abaneempawu MP.
• Hlamba izandla zakho ngaphambi kokuba utye okanye emva kokudibana nabantu abosulelekileyo.

I-mycoplasma pneumonia ibachaphazela njani abantwana?

Ngokubanzi, abantwana basengozini yosulelo kunabantu abadala. Oku kuchukunyiswa yinto yokuba bahlala bengqongwe ngamaqela amakhulu abanye, ekusenokwenzeka ukuba banesifo, abantwana. Ngenxa yoku, banokuba semngciphekweni omkhulu we-MP kunabantu abadala. Thatha umntwana wakho uye kugqirha ukuba ubona naziphi na kwezi mpawu:

• umkhuhlane ophantsi ophantsi
• Iimpawu ezibandayo okanye ezinje ngomkhuhlane ezihlala ixesha elide kuneentsuku ezisi-7 ukuya kwezi-10
• ukhohlokhohlo olomileyo oluqhubekayo
• ukuvutha ngelixa uphefumla
• banokudinwa okanye abaziva kakuhle kwaye ayibangcono
• iintlungu esifubeni okanye esiswini
• ukugabha

Ukufumanisa umntwana wakho, ugqirha wakhe unokwenza enye okanye ngaphezulu koku kulandelayo:

• mamela ukuphefumla komntwana wakho
• thabatha i-X-ray yesifuba
• thatha inkcubeko yebacteria kwimpumlo okanye emqaleni
• oda iimvavanyo zegazi

Nje ukuba umntwana wakho afunyaniswe, ugqirha unokumisela i-antibiotiki kangangeentsuku ezisi-7 ukuya kwezi-10 ukunyanga usulelo. Ezona antibiotics zixhaphakileyo kubantwana zii-macrolides, kodwa ugqirha wabo unokuyalela ii-cyclines okanye i-quinolones.

Ekhaya, qiniseka ukuba umntwana wakho akahlanganyeli nezitya okanye iikomityi ukuze angalusasazi usulelo. Baphe iziselo ezininzi. Sebenzisa iphedi yokufudumeza ukunyanga naziphi na iintlungu zesifuba abazifumanayo.

Usulelo lwe-MP yomntwana wakho luya kucaca emva kweeveki ezimbini. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye izifo zingathabatha ukuya kwiiveki ezintandathu ukuphilisa ngokupheleleyo.

Zeziphi iingxaki zeMycoplasma pneumonia?

Ngamanye amaxesha usulelo lwe-MP lunokuba yingozi. Ukuba unesifo sombefu, iLungu lePalamente linokuzenza zibe mbi ngakumbi iimpawu zakho. Ilungu lePalamente linokukhula libe yimeko ebukhali ngakumbi inyumoniya.

Ixesha elide okanye i-MP engapheliyo inqabile kodwa inokubangela ukonakala okusisigxina kwemiphunga, njengoko kucetyisiwe ukwenziwa kwiimpuku. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, iLungu lePalamente elinganyangekiyo linokubulala. Yiya kugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko xa unempawu, ngakumbi ukuba zihlala ngaphezulu kweeveki ezimbini.

Ithini imbono yexesha elide?

M. pneumoniae Ngokwezibhedlele ezinxulumene nenyumoniya kubantu abadala, ngokweZiko loLawulo lweZifo noThintelo.

Uninzi lwabantu luphuhlisa ii-antibodies kwi-MP emva kosulelo olubi. Amachiza omzimba ayabakhusela ekubeni bosuleleke kwakhona. Izigulana ezinamajoni omzimba abuthathaka, anje nge-HIV kunye nabo baphathwa nge-steroids ezingapheliyo, ii-immunomodulators, okanye i-chemotherapy, banokuba nobunzima ekulweni nosulelo lwe-MP kwaye basemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuphinda basuleleke kwakhona.

Kwabanye, iimpawu kufuneka zinciphise iiveki ezimbini emva konyango. Isikhohlela sinokuhlala ixesha elide, kodwa iimeko ezininzi zisombulula ngaphandle kwesiphumo kwiiveki ezine ukuya kwezintandathu. Jonga ugqirha wakho ukuba uyaqhubeka nokufumana iimpawu ezinzima okanye ukuba usulelo luphazamisa ubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla. Kuya kufuneka ufune unyango okanye uxilongo lwazo naziphi na iimeko ezinokuthi zibangelwe lusulelo lwakho lweMP.