Yintoni i-nephritis kunye nendlela yokuchonga

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Izizathu ezinokubangela
• Unyango lwenziwa njani
• Ungayikhusela njani nephritis

I-Nephritis siseti yezifo ezibangela ukudumba kwe-glomeruli yezintso, ezizizintso ezinoxanduva lokususa ityhefu kunye nezinye izinto zomzimba, ezinje ngamanzi kunye neeminerali. Kwezi meko izintso zinomthamo omncinci wokucoca igazi.

Ezona ntlobo ziphambili ze-nephritis ezinxulumene nenxalenye yezintso ezichaphazelekayo okanye unobangela wayo, zezi:

• IGlomerulonephritis, apho ukudumba kuchaphazela ikakhulu inxenye yokuqala yezixhobo zokucoca, i-glomerulus, enokuthi ibe buhlungu okanye inganyangeki;
• I-nephritis yangaphakathi okanye i-tubulointerstitial nephritis, apho ukudumba kwenzeka khona kwiityhubhu zezintso nakwizithuba eziphakathi kwee-tubules kunye ne-glomerulus;
• I-Lupus nephritis, apho indawo echaphazelekayo ikwayiglolululus kwaye ibangelwa yiSystemic Lupus Erythematosus, esisifo kumajoni omzimba.

I-Nephritis inokuba buhlungu xa ivela ngokukhawuleza ngenxa yosulelo olubi, njengosulelo lomqala oluvela IStreptococcus, i-hepatitis okanye i-HIV okanye engapheliyo xa ikhula kancinci ngenxa yomonakalo omkhulu wezintso.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Iimpawu nephritis:

• Ukunciphisa isixa umchamo;
• Umchamo obomvu;
• Ukubila okugqithisileyo, ngakumbi ebusweni, ezandleni nasezinyaweni;
• Ukudumba kwamehlo okanye kwemilenze;
• Ukwanda koxinzelelo lwegazi;
• Ubukho begazi kumchamo.

Ngokuvela kwezi mpawu, kuya kufuneka uye kwangoko kwi-nephrologist ukuya kwenza uvavanyo lokuchonga olufana nokuvavanywa komchamo, i-ultrasound okanye ikhompyuter ye-tomography ukuze uchonge ingxaki kwaye uqale unyango olufanelekileyo.

Ukongeza kwezi mpawu, kwi-nephritis engapheliyo kunokubakho ukulahleka kwesidlo, isicaphucaphu, ukugabha, ukudinwa, ukuphuthelwa, ukurhawuzelela kunye necramp.

Izizathu ezinokubangela

Zininzi izinto ezinokubangela ukubonakala kwe-nephritis, enje nge:

• Ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kwamayeza ezinje ngee-analgesics, ii-antibiotics, iziyobisi ezingezizo i-steroidal ezichasayo, i-diuretics, i-anticonvulsants, i-calcineurin inhibitors ezinjenge-cyclosporine kunye ne-tacrolimus;
• Usulelo ngeebhaktheriya, iintsholongwane kunye nabanye;
• Izifongokuzenzekelayo, ezinje ngesystemic lupus erythematosus, Sjogren's syndrome, isifo esisistim esihambelana ne-IgG4;
• Ukuvezwa ixesha elide kwityhefu ezifana ne-lithium, lead, cadmium okanye aristolochic acid;

Ukongeza, abantu abaneentlobo ezahlukeneyo zesifo sezintso, umhlaza, isifo seswekile, i-glomerulopathies, i-HIV, isifo seeseli zerhengqa basemngciphekweni omkhulu wokugula sisifo se-nephritis.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango luxhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-nephritis kwaye, ke, ukuba yi-nephritis ebukhali, unyango lunokwenziwa ngokuphumla ngokupheleleyo, ulawulo lwexinzelelo lwegazi kunye nokuncitshiswa kwetyuwa. Ukuba nephritis etsolo kwabangelwa usulelo, nephrologist ukuze amisele zintsholongwane.

Kwimeko yesifo esinganyangekiyo nephritis, ukongeza kulawulo lwexinzelelo lwegazi, unyango luhlala lusenziwa ngommiselo wamachiza alwa nokudumba anjenge-cortisone, i-immunosuppressants kunye ne-diuretics kunye nokutya okunomda wetyuwa, iiproteni kunye ne-potassium.

I-nephrologist kufuneka idibane rhoqo kuba i-nephritis engapheliyo ihlala ibangela ukusilela kwezintso okungapheliyo. Jonga ukuba yeyiphi imiqondiso enokubonisa ukusilela kwezintso.

Ungayikhusela njani nephritis

Ukuthintela ukuqala kwe-nephritis, umntu kufuneka akuphephe ukutshaya, anciphise uxinzelelo kwaye angathathi amayeza ngaphandle kwengcebiso yezonyango njengoko uninzi lwazo lunokubangela umonakalo kwizintso.

Abantu abanezifo, ngakumbi ezo zomzimba, kufuneka bafumane unyango olufanelekileyo kwaye babonane nogqirha rhoqo, ukuze babeke esweni uxinzelelo lwegazi, kwaye benze uvavanyo lwezintso rhoqo. Ugqirha unokucebisa utshintsho kwindlela otya ngayo njengokutya iiprotheyini ezimbalwa, ityuwa kunye ne-potassium.