Imithambo engacacanga: yintoni, i-anatomy kunye nemisebenzi ephambili

Umxholo

• I-anatomy ye-vagus nerve
• Imisebenzi ephambili
• Utshintsho lwe-vagus nerve

I-vagus nerve, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-pneumogastric nerve, yimisipha ebaleka isuka kwingqondo iye esiswini, kwaye kwindlela yayo, inika amasebe aliqela angenawo amalungu omlomo wesibeleko, wesisu kunye nasesiswini, aneemvakalelo kunye nemisebenzi yemoto, kubalulekile ekugcinweni kwemisebenzi ebalulekileyo, enjengokubetha kwentliziyo kunye nommiselo wemithambo, umzekelo.

Isibini semithambo ye-vagus, ebekwe kwicala ngalinye lomzimba, sisibini se-10 setotali yezibini ze-cranial ezili-12 ezidibanisa ingqondo emzimbeni. Kuba imithambo-luvo ye-cranial ibizwa ngokuba ngamanani amaRoma, i-vagus nerve ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-X pair, kwaye ithathwa njengeyona mithambo mde ye-cranial.

Inkuthazo ethile kwimbilini ye-vagus, ebangelwa luxinzelelo, uloyiko, iintlungu, utshintsho kwiqondo lobushushu okanye ngokuma nje ixesha elide, kunokubangela into ebizwa ngokuba yi-vasovagal syncope, apho umntu anokufumana isiyezi okanye isiqaqa, kunokubangela ukwehla kwentliziyo kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi. Qonda ukuba yintoni vasovagal syncope kwaye uyiphatha njani.

I-anatomy ye-vagus nerve

Izibini ze-Cranial

Imvelaphi ye-vagus nerve

I-vagus nerve yeyona thambo inkulu ye-cranial kwaye iqala ngasemva kwebhalbhu yomqolo, ubume bengqondo obudibanisa ubuchopho kunye nentambo yomqolo, kwaye ishiye ukakayi ngembobo ebizwa ngokuba yi-jugular foramen, yehla intamo nesifuba de kube iphela esiswini.

Ngexesha le-vagus nerve, ibeka ngaphakathi i-pharynx, i-larynx, intliziyo kunye namanye amalungu, kwaye yiyo apho ingqondo ibona ukuba anjani la malungu kwaye ilawula imisebenzi yawo emininzi.

Imisebenzi ephambili

Eminye yemisebenzi ephambili ye-vagus nerve ibandakanya:

• Reflexes zokukhohlela, ukuginya nokugabha;
• Ukurhoxa kweentambo zokukhupha ilizwi ekuveliseni ilizwi;
• Ukulawulwa kokucutha kwentliziyo;
• Ukuhla kwenqanaba lentliziyo;
• Iintshukumo zokuphefumla kunye nokuxinana kwentliziyo;
• Ukulungelelaniswa kokuhamba kokuqina kunye nokuhamba kwamathumbu, kunye nokunyuka kwencindi yesisu;
• Imveliso yokubila.

Ukongeza, i-vagus nerve yabelana ngeminye yemisebenzi yayo nge-glossopharyngeal nerve (IX pair), ngakumbi kwingingqi yentamo, inoxanduva lokuziva ubambe, apho inzwa ye-vagus inxulumene ngakumbi neswekile kunye ne-glossopharyngeal enencasa ekrakra.

Utshintsho lwe-vagus nerve

I-vagus nerve palsy inokubangela ubunzima ekuginyekeni, ukudakumba, ubunzima ekuthetheni, ukucaphuka kwimisipha ye-pharynx kunye ne-larynx, kunye notshintsho kuxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo. Oku kukhubazeka kunokubakho ngenxa yomothuko, ukonzakala kotyando, uxinzelelo ngamathumba okanye iisyndromes ezithile zemithambo-luvo.

Ukongeza, kukho iimeko ezibangela ukukhuthazeka okugqithileyo kwimbilini ye-vagus, evelisa imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-vagal syncope okanye ukuphelelwa ngamandla. Ihlala ivela kubantu abancinci kwaye kungenxa yokwehla kwenqanaba lentliziyo kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi, ngenxa yokunqongophala kweoksijini kwingqondo, ebangela ukuba utyhafe. Jonga ukuba wenzeni ukuba uphumelele.

I-Vagal syncope inokubangelwa ngu:

• Ukuboniswa kobushushu;
• Iimvakalelo ezinamandla, ezinjengomsindo;
• Ukuzingisa ukuma ixesha elide;
• Utshintsho lobushushu;
• Ukuginya ukutya okukhulu kakhulu;
• Ukuba kwindawo ephakamileyo;
• Yiva indlala, iintlungu, okanye amanye amava amnandi.

Ukukhuthaza i-vagus nerve kungenziwa kwakhona nge-massage ecaleni kwentamo. Ngamanye amaxesha i-vagal maneuver yenziwa ngoogqirha kwimeko engxamisekileyo yokulawula isifo sentliziyo.