Anaphylaxis: yintoni, iimpawu eziphambili kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Zeziphi ezona zinto zixhaphakileyo
• Unyango lwenziwa njani

I-Anaphylaxis, ekwabizwa ngokuba kukothuka kwe-anaphylactic, sisenzo esibi kakhulu, esinokubulala xa singanyangwa ngokukhawuleza. Le mpendulo ibangelwa ngumzimba ngokwawo xa kukho impendulo kuhlobo oluthile lwe-allergen, olunokuba kukutya, iyeza, inambuzane yezinambuzane, into okanye izinto.

Impendulo ye-anaphylactic iqala ngokukhawuleza, kwaye inokukhula kwimizuzu embalwa okanye iiyure ezimbalwa, ekhokelela ekubonakaleni kweempawu ezinje ngoxinzelelo lwegazi, ukudumba kwemilebe, umlomo kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla.

Kwimeko apho kurhanelwa i-anaphylaxis, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uye kwangoko kunyango olungxamisekileyo, ukuze unyango lwenziwe ngokukhawuleza. Unyango luhlala luqulathe iadrenaline enesitofu kunye nokubeka iliso kwiimpawu ezibalulekileyo zomntu.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Iimpawu ze-anaphylaxis zihlala zibonakala ngokukhawuleza kwaye zibandakanya:

• Bomvu eluswini kunye inwebu yangaphakathi;
• Ukurhawuzelela ngokubanzi;
• Ukudumba kwemilebe nolwimi;
• Ukuziva kwe-bolus emqaleni.
• Kunzima ukuphefumla.

Ukongeza, ezinye iimpawu ezixhaphakileyo ezinokubonakala zezi: ukungakwazi ukuzibamba, isisu esiswini, ukugabha kunye nokungaqhelekanga kwesinyithi emlonyeni.

Ukongeza, iintlobo zeempawu zinokwahluka ngokobudala. Le theyibhile ilandelayo ibonisa ezona mpawu zixhaphakileyo ebantwaneni nakubantu abadala:

Zeziphi ezona zinto zixhaphakileyo

I-Anaphylaxis yenzeka ngenxa yokuvezwa kukungabikho komzimba kumzimba wakho, zizinto ezithi zisabele kumzimba wakho. Eminye imizekelo yezona zinto zixhaphakileyo zezi zilandelayo:

• Ukutya, okufana neqanda, ubisi, isoya, igluten, amandongomane kunye namanye amandongomane, iintlanzi, ii-molluscs kunye nee-crustaceans, umzekelo;
• Amayeza;
• Izinambuzane ezinetyhefu, ezinjengeenyosi okanye oonomeva;
• Izinto ezinje nge-latex okanye i-nickel;
• Izinto, ezinjengomungu okanye iinwele zezilwanyana.

Funda ukuchonga ukuba yintoni enokubangela ukungabikho komzimba, ngokusebenzisa uviwo.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango lwe-Anaphylaxis kufuneka luqale ngokukhawuleza esibhedlele kwaye, ke ngoko, ukuba olu hlobo lokuphendula lurhanelwa, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuya kwigumbi likaxakeka. Xa ujongene nomothuko we-anaphylactic, into yokuqala edla ngokwenziwa kukulawulwa kwe-adrenaline enesitofu. Emva koko, umntu ujongiwe esibhedlele, apho kujongwa khona iimpawu zakhe ezibalulekileyo.

Ukongeza, kwezinye iimeko, kunokuba yimfuneko ukusebenzisa ioksijini kunye namanye amayeza, anjengee-antihistamines, ezinje nge-intramuscular okanye intravenous clemastine okanye i-hydroxyzine, i-corticosteroids yomlomo, njenge-methylprednisolone okanye i-prednisolone kwaye, ukuba kukho imfuneko, phinda i-adrenaline ye-intramuscular, qho nge-5 imizuzu ukuya kuthi ga kulawulo oluphezulu lwe-3.

Ukuba i-bronchospasm yenzeka, kunokuba yimfuneko ukusebenzisa i-salbutamol ngokuphefumla. Kwi-hypotension, i-saline okanye isisombululo se-crystalloid inokulawulwa.