Unonophelo lonyameko: ziyintoni kwaye ziboniswa nini

Umxholo

• Ngubani ofuna ukukhathalelwa
• Nguwuphi umahluko phakathi kokhathalelo lokudambisa kunye ne-euthanasia?
• Ungalufumana njani ukhathalelo oludlamkileyo

Ngokwe-World Health Organisation (i-WHO), ukhathalelo lokuthomalalisa luhlobo lokhathalelo, lwenzelwe umntu onesifo esibi okanye esinganyangekiyo, kunye nosapho, ngenjongo yokunciphisa ukubandezeleka kwakhe, ukuphucula impilo kunye umgangatho wobomi.

Iindidi zokhathalelo ezinokuthi zibandakanyeke zezi:

• Yenzululwazi: zisetyenziselwa ukunyanga iimpawu zomzimba ezingathandekiyo, ezinjengeentlungu, ukuphefumla kancinci, ukugabha, ukuba buthathaka okanye ukulala, umzekelo;
• Yengqondo: jonga iimvakalelo kunye nezinye iimpawu ezingalunganga zengqondo, ezinje ngoxinzelelo okanye usizi;
• Ezentlaloukunikela ngenkxaso kulawulo lweengxabano okanye izithintelo ekuhlaleni, ezinokuthintela ukhathalelo, njengokungabikho komntu onika inkathalo;
• Ngokomoya: qaphela kwaye uxhase imiba enjengokubonelela ngoncedo lwenkolo okanye isikhokelo malunga nentsingiselo yobomi nokufa.

Lonke olu nyango alunakho ukunikezelwa ngugqirha kuphela, kuyimfuneko ukuba kukho iqela eliqulunqwe ngoogqirha, abongikazi, iingcali zengqondo, oonontlalontle kunye nezinye iingcali ezinje ngee-physiotherapists, i-Occupational Therapists, i-nutritionists kunye nomfundisi okanye omnye umntu omele ezomoya.

E-Brazil, ukhathalelo lokunyanga sele lubonelelwa zizibhedlele ezininzi, ngakumbi ezo zineenkonzo ze-oncology, nangona kunjalo, olu hlobo lokhathalelo kufuneka, ngokufanelekileyo, lufumaneke kwizibhedlele ngokubanzi, ukubonisana nabaguli abagulayo kunye nasekhaya.

Ngubani ofuna ukukhathalelwa

Unonophelo lonyameko luboniswa kubo bonke abantu abanesifo esisesichengeni sokuphila esiba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha, kwaye sikwaziwa njengesifo esinganyangekiyo.

Ke, ayisiyonyani ukuba le nkxalabo yenziwa xa kungasekho "kwanto yokwenza", kuba inkathalo ebalulekileyo isenokubonelelwa ngentlalo-ntle kunye nomgangatho wobomi bomntu, nokuba uphila kangakanani na.

Eminye yemizekelo yeemeko apho kukhathalelwa khona, nokuba yeyabantu abadala, abantu abadala okanye abantwana, zibandakanya:

• Umhlaza;
• Izifo zemithambo-luvo ezinjenge-Alzheimer's, iParkinson's, sclerosis okanye i-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis;
• Ezinye izifo ezingapheliyo, ezifana nesifo samathambo;
• Izifo ezikhokelela ekusileleni kwamalungu, ezinje ngesifo sezintso ezingapheliyo, isifo sentliziyo, isifo semiphunga, isifo sesibindi, phakathi kwezinye;
• Advanced AIDS;
• Naziphi na ezinye iimeko ezisongela ubomi, ezinje ngengozi yentloko ebukhali, ikhoma engenakuphikiswa, izifo zofuzo okanye izifo ezinganyangekiyo.

Unonophelo oludlamkileyo lukwasebenza ekunyamekeleni nasekuxhaseni izihlobo zabantu abaphethwe zezi zifo, ngokunika inkxaso ngokunxulumene nendlela ekufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo, ukusonjululwa kobunzima ekuhlaleni kunye nokwandiswa okungcono kokulila, njengemeko ezinjengokuzinikezela Ukukhathalela umntu okanye ukujongana nethuba lokuphulukana nomntu omthandayo kunzima kwaye kunokubangela ukubandezeleka okukhulu kumalungu osapho.

Nguwuphi umahluko phakathi kokhathalelo lokudambisa kunye ne-euthanasia?

Ngelixa i-euthanasia iphakamisa ukuba ikulindele ukusweleka, ukhathalelo lokuthomalalisa awuxhasi lo mkhwa, ngokungekho mthethweni eBrazil. Nangona kunjalo, abanqweneli ukuhlehlisa ukufa, kodwa kunoko, bacebisa ukuvumela isifo esinganyangekiyo ukuba silandele indlela yaso yendalo, kwaye ngenxa yoko, sinika yonke inkxaso ukuze nakuphi na ukubandezeleka kuthintelwe kwaye kunyangwe, kuvelisa ukuphela kobomi. ngesidima. Qonda ukuba yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-euthanasia, orthothanasia kunye ne-dysthanasia.

Ke, ngaphandle kokungavumi ukubulawa kwesifo, ukhathalelo lokunyanga aluxhasi ukwenziwa kwezonyango kuthathwa njengokungento, Oko kukuthi, ezo zinenjongo yokwandisa ubomi bomntu, kodwa ezingazukuyinyanga, zibangele iintlungu kunye nokuhlasela.

Ungalufumana njani ukhathalelo oludlamkileyo

Unonophelo lokunyanga luboniswa ngugqirha, nangona kunjalo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba kuyenziwa xa kufika ixesha, kubalulekile ukuba uthethe neqela lezonyango elihamba nesigulana kwaye ubonise umdla wabo kolu hlobo lokhathalelo. Ke, unxibelelwano olucacileyo noluphandle phakathi kwesigulana, usapho kunye noogqirha malunga nokuchongwa kunye nokhetho kunyango lwaso nasiphi na isifo kubaluleke kakhulu ekuchazeni le micimbi.

Kukho iindlela zokubhala le minqweno, ngamaxwebhu abizwa ngokuba yi "Advance will directives", avumela umntu ukuba axelele oogqirha bakhe ngononophelo lwempilo abalufunayo, okanye abangafuni kulifumana, xa kunokwenzeka, nangasiphi na isizathu, ngokwabo abakwazi ukuveza iminqweno ngokunxulumene nonyango.

Yiyo loo nto, i-Federal Council of Medicine icebisa ukuba ubhaliso lwentando enokwenziwa kwangaphambili lunokwenziwa ngugqirha ohamba nesigulana, kwirekhodi lakhe lonyango okanye kwirekhodi yezonyango, logama nje egunyazisiwe, ngaphandle kwamangqina okanye utyikityo olufunwayo, njengogqirha, ngomsebenzi wakhe, unokholo esidlangalaleni kwaye izenzo zakhe zineziphumo zomthetho nezomthetho.

Kuyenzeka ukuba ubhale kwaye ubhalise kwi-notary esidlangalaleni uxwebhu, olubizwa ngokuba yiVital Testament, apho umntu anokuthi abhengeze le minqweno, echaza, umzekelo, umnqweno wokungafakwa phantsi kweenkqubo ezinje ngokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokuphefumla, ukondla kwiityhubhu okanye ngokudlula kwenkqubo yokuhlaziya ye-cardio-pulmonary, umzekelo. Kolu xwebhu kunokwenzeka ukuba ubonise umntu ozithembileyo ukuba enze izigqibo malunga nolwalathiso lonyango xa engasakwazi ukwenza ukhetho.