Kukuphi ukutya kwe-GM kunye nomngcipheko wezempilo

Umxholo

• Kutheni ziveliswa
• Zintoni ukutya kwe-GM?
• Imizekelo yokutya kwe-transgenic ngeenjongo zonyango
• Imingcipheko yezempilo
• Umngcipheko weNdalo esingqongileyo

Ukutya kweTransgenic, okwaziwa njengokutya okuguqulweyo, zezo zinamaqhekeza e-DNA kwezinye izinto eziphilayo ezixutywe ne-DNA yazo. Umzekelo, ezinye izityalo ziqulathe iDNA kwiibhaktiriya okanye ifungi ezivelisa ukhula zendalo, ezenza ukuba zikhuseleke ngokuzenzekelayo kwizitshabalalisi zezityalo.

Ukuguqulwa kwemvelo kokutya okuthile kwenziwa ngenjongo yokuphucula ukuxhathisa kwabo, umgangatho kunye nobungakanani obuvelisiweyo, nangona kunjalo, kunokubonisa umngcipheko kwezempilo, njengokunyusa ukwenzeka kokungabikho komzimba kunye nokungeniswa kwemichiza yokubulala izinambuzane. Ngesi sizathu, eyona nto ifanelekileyo kukukhetha kangangoko kunokwenzeka ekutyeni okuphilayo.

Kutheni ziveliswa

Ukutya okuguqulweyo ngokwemfuzo kuhlala kuhamba kule nkqubo, ngenjongo:

• Ukuphucula umgangatho wemveliso yokugqibela, ukuze iqulethe izondlo ezingaphezulu, umzekelo;
• Yandisa ukuxhathisa kwakho kwizitshabalalisi;
• Ukuphucula ukumelana nezibulala-zinambuzane ezisetyenzisiweyo;
• Yandisa imveliso kunye nexesha lokugcina.

Ukuvelisa olu hlobo lokutya, abavelisi kufuneka bathenge imbewu kwiinkampani ezisebenza ngobunjineli bemfuza ukuvelisa i-transgenics, ethi iphele ngokunyusa ixabiso lemveliso.

Zintoni ukutya kwe-GM?

Ukutya okuphambili okuthengiswayo eBrazil sisoya, umbona kunye nomqhaphu, ezithi zivelise iimveliso ezinje ngeoyile yokupheka, isicatshulwa se-soy, iiproteyini ezenziwe ngombala wesoya, ubisi lwe-soy, isoseji, imajarini, ipasta, ii-crackers kunye nee-cereals. Nakuphi na ukutya okuqulathe izithako ezinje ngesitatshi sengqolowa, isiraphu yengqolowa kunye nesoya ekubunjweni, kuya kubakho ii-transgenics ekubunjweni kwayo.

Ngokomthetho waseBrazil, ileyibhile yokutya ene-1% ubuncinci bezinto ze-transgenic kufuneka iqulethe isimboli yesazisi, emelwe ngunxantathu omthubi nonobumba T omnyama phakathi.

Imizekelo yokutya kwe-transgenic ngeenjongo zonyango

Irayisi ngumzekelo wokutya okutshintshelwe kwimfuza ukulungiselela iinjongo zonyango, njengokulwa i-HIV okanye ukongeza ku-vitamin A.

Kwimeko yerayisi yokulwa i-HIV, imbewu ivelisa iiprotheyini ezi-3, i-monoclonal antibody 2G12 kunye ne-lectins griffithsin kunye ne-cyanovirin-N, ebopha intsholongwane kwaye inciphise amandla ayo okosulela iiseli zomzimba. Ezi mbewu zinokulinywa ngexabiso eliphantsi kakhulu, elenza ukunyanga esi sifo ngexabiso eliphantsi. Ukongeza, ezi mbewu zingangcola kwaye zisetyenziswe kwizithambiso nakwizithambiso ezisetyenziselwa ulusu, ukulwa intsholongwane ehlala ikho kwimfihlo yamalungu esini.

Olunye uhlobo lwerayisi ye-transgenic ukulungiselela unyango luyinto ebizwa ngokuba yi-Rice Rice, eyaguqulwa ukuba ibe nobutyebi kwi-beta-carotene, uhlobo lwevithamini A. Le rayisi yenziwe ngokukodwa ukulwa nokunqongophala kwale vithamini kwiindawo zentlupheko enkulu , njengakwimimandla yaseAsia.

Imingcipheko yezempilo

Ukusetyenziswa kokutya okungahambelaniyo kunokuzisa ezi ngozi zilandelayo:

• Ukwanda komzimba, ngenxa yeeproteni ezintsha ezinokuveliswa zii-transgenics;
• Ukonyuka kokunganyangeki kwi-antibiotics, enegalelo ekunciphiseni ukusebenza kwala machiza kunyango lwezifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane;
• Ukwanda kwezinto ezinobuthi, ezinokuphelisa ukwenzakalisa umntu, izinambuzane kunye nezityalo;
• Inani eliphezulu lemichiza yokubulala izitshabalalisi kwiimveliso, njengoko i-transgenics inganyangekiyo kwizibulali zinambuzane, ivumela abavelisi ukuba basebenzise izixa ezikhulu ukukhusela intsimi kwizitshabalalisi nokhula.

Ukuthintela le mngcipheko, eyona ndlela yokuphuma kukutya ukutya okunezinto eziphilayo, ekwakhuthaza ukonyuka kokubonelelwa kwale mveliso kwaye ixhasa abavelisi abancinci abangasebenzisi zitshintshi kunye nemichiza yokubulala izitshabalalisi kumasimi abo.

Umngcipheko weNdalo esingqongileyo

Ukuveliswa kokutya kokutya okwandayo kuyonyusa ukuxhathisa kwabo, okuvumela ukusetyenziswa okukhulu kwezibulali zinambuzane kunye neyeza lokubulala izitshabalalisi emasimini, oko kwandisa umngcipheko wongcoliseko lomhlaba kunye namanzi ngezi zinto zeekhemikhali, eziya kuthi ekugqibeleni zigqitywe ngomlinganiselo omkhulu ngabantu kunye uya kuwushiya umhlaba ulihlwempu.

Ukongeza, ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kwemichiza yokubulala izitshabalalisi kunye nezitshabalalisi kunokubangela ukubonakala kwamayeza kunye nezitshabalalisi ezinganyangekiyo kwezi zinto, zisenza ukuba kube nzima ukulawula umgangatho wesityalo.

Okokugqibela, amafama amancinci nawo asengxakini kuba, ukuba bathenga imbewu kukutya okuyi-GM, baya kuba behlawula iifizi kwiinkampani ezinkulu ezivelisa le mbewu, kwaye baya kuhlala benyanzelekile ukuba bathenge imbewu entsha ngonyaka, ngokweekhontrakthi ezisekwe .