Utyando lweBariatric: yintoni, ngubani onokuyenza kunye neentlobo eziphambili

Umxholo

• Ngubani onokwenza utyando
• Eyona nto iphambili kuyo
• Iindidi zotyando lwe-bariatric
• 1. Ibhanti yesisu
• 2. Dlula esiswini
• 3. I-gastrectomy ethe nkqo
• 4. I-Biliopancreatic shunt
• Umngcipheko onokubakho wotyando

Utyando lwe-Bariatric luhlobo lotyando apho inkqubo yokwetyisa iguqulwa ukuze kuncitshiswe ukutya okunyamezelwayo sisisu okanye ukuguqula inkqubo yokwetyisa yendalo, ukuze kuncitshiswe kakhulu inani leekhalori ezifunxwe, ukuququzelela ukuphulukana nobunzima .

Kungenxa yokuba luhlobo lotyando oluthi, kwiimeko ezininzi, lungenelele kakhulu, utyando lwe-bariatric luhlala luboniswa kuphela njengohlobo lonyango xa umntu sele ezame ezinye iindlela zonyango kodwa ngaphandle kweziphumo ezilindelekileyo, okanye xa ukutyeba kakhulu kubeka ubomi umngcipheko.

Ke ngoko, ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe olu hlobo lotyando, wonke umntu kufuneka enze uvavanyo olunzima lwezonyango kunye neqela elinamacandelo ahlukeneyo eliquka ugqirha wotyando, isazi sezinto zokutya, ugqirha wezengqondo, ugqirha wezentliziyo nezinye izinto zonyango.

Ngubani onokwenza utyando

Utyando lwe-Bariatric luhlala lubonakalisiwe kubantu abatyebe ngaphezulu kwebanga lesibini abangakhange babonise ziphumo emva kweenyanga ezininzi zonyango ngokutya okwaneleyo kunye nokuzilolonga rhoqo.

Olu tyando luhlala luboniswa kuphela kubantu abaphakathi kweminyaka eli-16 ukuya kwengama-65, kwaye luboniswa kuphela nguMphathiswa Wezempilo waseBrazil kwimeko:

• I-BMI ilingana okanye ingaphezulu kwe-50 kg / m²;
• I-BMI ilingana okanye ingaphezulu kwe-40 kg / m², ngaphandle kokulahleka kwesisindo kunye nokubeka iliso kwezonyango kunye nesondlo okungenani iminyaka emi-2;
• I-BMI ilingana okanye ingaphezulu kwe-35 kg / m² kunye nobukho bezinye izifo ezinobungozi obuphezulu be-cardiovascular, ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, isifo sikashukela esingalawulwayo kunye ne-cholesterol ephezulu.

Kwangelo xesha, iSebe lezeMpilo likwabonisa iimeko ezithile apho utyando lwe-bariatric luyekisiwe kwaye lubandakanya: ukuba nesifo sengqondo esingalawulekiyo, kubandakanya ukusebenzisa iziyobisi kunye neziselo ezinxilisayo; unesifo sentliziyo okanye semiphunga esixhomis 'amehlo; ukuba noxinzelelo lwexinzelelo lwe-portal kunye ne-varopha esophageal varices; ukuba nezifo ezivuthayo zendlela yokugaya ephezulu okanye ukubandezeleka Ukunyusa yomhlaza.

Bukela le vidiyo ilandelayo kwaye ujonge iimeko ezinokuthi zenziwe phantsi kotyando:

Eyona nto iphambili kuyo

Ukongeza ekulahlekeni kwesisindo, utyando lwe-bariatric luzisa izibonelelo ezinxulumene nezifo ezinxulumene nokukhuluphala, ngokuphucula kunye nokunyanga izifo ezinje:

• Uxinzelelo lwegazi;
• Ukungoneli kwentliziyo;
• Ukungaphumeleli kokuphefumla;
• Isifuba;
• Isifo seswekile;
• Cholesterol ephezulu.

Olu hlobo lotyando luhlala luhambelana nezinye izibonelelo zentlalo kunye nezengqondo, njengokunciphisa umngcipheko woxinzelelo kunye nokwanda kokuzithemba, unxibelelwano lwasentlalweni kunye nokuhamba komzimba.

Iindidi zotyando lwe-bariatric

Uhlobo lotyando kufuneka lukhethwe kunye nogqirha, ngokweemeko zeklinikhi yomntu kunye nokukhethwa kwakhe. Olu tyando lunokwenziwa ngokusikwa okuqhelekileyo esiswini okanye nge-videolaparoscopy, apho kusikwa kuphela izinto ezincinci ngexesha lokusebenza:

1. Ibhanti yesisu

Olu lolona hlobo lincinci lokungenelela lotyando lwe-bariatric kwaye lubandakanya ukubeka ibhendi, emile ngomsesane, ejikeleze isisu, ukuze yehle ngobukhulu, igalelo kukutya okuncinci kunye neekhalori.

Ngokwesiqhelo, olu hlobo lotyando lubonisa umngcipheko omncinci wezempilo kwaye inexesha lokufumana ngokukhawuleza, kodwa iziphumo zalo zinokwanelisa kancinci kunezinye iindlela. Funda ngakumbi malunga nokubekwa kwebhendi esiswini.

2. Dlula esiswini

I-Bypass lutyando olungenelelayo apho ugqirha asusa indawo enkulu yesisu aze adibanise ukuqala kwamathumbu kwinxalenye eseleyo yesisu, ukunciphisa indawo yokutya kunye nokunciphisa inani leekhalori ezifunxwe.

Olu hlobo lotyando luneziphumo ezigqwesileyo, ekuvumela ukuba ulahlekelwe ukuya kuthi ga kwiipesenti ezingama-70 zobunzima bokuqala, nangona kunjalo ikwanomngcipheko omkhulu kunye nokubuyela kade. Qonda ngcono ukuba idlula njani isisu.

3. I-gastrectomy ethe nkqo

Ngokungafaniyo ne- ukudlula isisu, kolu hlobo lotyando, olunokwaziwa ngokuba yi "utyando lwe umkhono", ugqirha wotyando ugcina unxibelelwano lwendalo lwesisu emathunjini, esusa kuphela inxenye yesisu ukusenza sincinci kunesiqhelo, ukunciphisa inani leekhalori ezingenisiweyo.

Olu tyando lunemingcipheko embalwa kune ukudlula, kodwa ikwaneziphumo ezingonelisi kangako, ivumela ukuba ilahle malunga ne-40% yesisindo sokuqala, iyafana nebhendi yesisu. Jonga ukuba olu hlobo lotyando lwenziwa njani.

4. I-Biliopancreatic shunt

Kolu tyando, inxenye yesisu kwaye uninzi lwamathumbu amancinci luyasuswa, ngoyena mmandla uphambili apho ukufunxeka kwezondlo kwenzeka. Ngale ndlela, indawo enkulu yokutya ayetyiswanga okanye ifunxwe, ukunciphisa inani leekhalori ekudleni.

Nangona kunjalo, kwaye nangona inxenye enkulu yamathumbu amancinci isusiwe, inyongo iyaqhubeka ukukhutshwa kwisiqwenga sokuqala samathumbu amancinci athi emva koko adityaniswe kwelona candelo lokugqibela lamathumbu amancinci, ukuze kungabikho kuphazamiseka ekuhambeni yenyongo, nokuba ukutya akusadluli kwelona nxalenye lokuqala lamathumbu amancinci.

Umngcipheko onokubakho wotyando

Umngcipheko wotyando lwe-bariatric unxulunyaniswa ikakhulu nenani kunye nobukhali bezifo ezinxulumene nokukhuluphala, ezona ngxaki ziphambili yile:

• I-pulmonary embolism, kukuvaleka komthambo wegazi emiphungeni, kubangele iintlungu ezinzima kunye nokuphefumla nzima;
• Ukopha ngaphakathi kwindawo yotyando;
• Iifistula, ezizipokotho ezincinci ezakha kwiindawo zangaphakathi zommandla osebenzayo;
• Ukugabha, urhudo kunye nezihlalo ezinegazi.

Ezi ngxaki zihlala zivela ngexesha lokuhlala esibhedlele, kwaye zisonjululwa ngokukhawuleza liqela lezonyango. Nangona kunjalo, kuxhomekeke kubukhali beempawu, kunokuba yimfuneko ukwenza umsebenzi omtsha ukulungisa ingxaki.

Ukongeza, kuqhelekile ukuba emva kotyando lwe-bariatric, abaguli baneengxaki zokutya okunje nge-anemia, i-folic acid, i-calcium kunye nokusilela kwe-vitamin B12, kunye nokungondleki kunokubakho nakwezona meko zinzima.

Ukubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo ngokukhawuleza kunye neengxaki ezimbalwa, jonga ukuba kukuthini ukutya ekufuneka kwenziwe emva kotyando lwe-bariatric.