Iiprobiotic zorhudo: Izibonelelo, iintlobo kunye neziphumo zecala

Umxholo

• Iiprobiotic zinokunyanga njani kwaye zithintele urhudo
• Iindidi zorhudo eziphendula kunyango lweprobiotic
• Urhudo olosulelayo
• Urhudo olunxulumene ne-Antibiotic
• Urhudo lomhambi
• Urhudo oluchaphazela abantwana neentsana
• Ezona ntlobo zibalaseleyo zeeprobiotic zokunyanga urhudo
• Iziphumo ezinokubakho ezinxulumene nokusetyenziswa kweprobiotic
• Umgca wezantsi

Sibandakanya iimveliso esicinga ukuba ziluncedo kubafundi bethu. Ukuba uthenga amakhonkco kweli phepha, sinokufumana ikhomishini encinci. Nantsi inkqubo yethu.

Iiprobiotic zizinto ezincinci eziluncedo eziye zaboniswa zibonelela ngezibonelelo ezininzi zezempilo.

Kananjalo, izongezo zeprobiotic kunye nokutya okune-probiotic kuye kwaba lunyango lwendalo oluthandwayo lweemeko ezithile zempilo, kubandakanya nemicimbi yokugaya ukutya enje kurhudo ().

Eli nqaku lichaza indlela iiprobiotic ezinokunceda ngayo ukulwa notyatyazo, uphononongo olona lusebenzayo, kwaye lujongane neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinxulumene nokusetyenziswa kweprobiotic.

Iiprobiotic zinokunyanga njani kwaye zithintele urhudo

Ukongeza ekufumanekeni kwizongezo kunye nokutya okuthile, iiprobiotic ngokwendalo zihlala emathunjini akho. Apho badlala indima ebalulekileyo, njengokugcina impilo yomzimba kunye nokukhusela umzimba wakho kukosuleleka nakwizifo ().

Iibhaktheriya ezisemathunjini akho - ngokudibeneyo ezaziwa njenge-gut microbiota- zinokuchaphazeleka ngokuchanekileyo kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo zichaphazeleke kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya ukutya, uxinzelelo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamayeza.

Xa isisu sebacteria singalingani kwaye abantu abaqhelekileyo beprobiotiki bayaphazamiseka, kunokukhokelela kwiziphumo ezibi kwezempilo, ezinje ngokwanda komngcipheko weemeko ezinje nge-bowel syndrome (IBS) kunye neempawu zokugaya ukutya ezinje ngesifo sohudo (,).

UMbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi usichaza isifo sorhudo ngokuba “nezihlalo ezithathu ezikhulu okanye ezingaphezulu okanye ezingamanzi kwisithuba seeyure ezingama-24.” Urhudo olubi luhlala ngaphantsi kweentsuku ezili-14 ngelixa isifo sohudo siqhubeka kangangeentsuku ezili-14 okanye ngaphezulu ().

Ukuxhasa iiprobiotic kunokunceda ekuthinteleni iintlobo ezithile zorhudo kwaye kuncede ukunyanga isifo sohudo ngokuphinda-phinda kunye nokugcina ulusu lwebacteria kunye nokulungisa ukungalingani.

Iiprobiotic zilwa neentsholongwane zentsholongwane ngokukhuphisana nezakhamzimba, ukomeleza amajoni omzimba, kunye nokutshintsha imeko esiswini ukuyenza ingalungelanga umsebenzi we-pathogenic ().

Ngapha koko, uphando lubonakalisile ukuba izongezo zeprobiotic zithintela kwaye zinyanga iintlobo ezithile zorhudo kubantwana nakubantu abadala.

Ukuthatha iiprobiotiki kunokunceda ekuthinteleni nasekunyangeni isifo sorhudo ngokuphinda-phinda ulusu lwentsholongwane kunye nokulungisa ukungalingani kwi-gut microbiota.

Iindidi zorhudo eziphendula kunyango lweprobiotic

Urhudo unezizathu ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya usulelo lwebhaktiriya okanye lwegciwane, amayeza athile, kunye nokuvezwa kweentsholongwane ezahlukeneyo ekuhambeni.

Uphando luye lwabonisa ukuba iintlobo ezininzi zorhudo zisabela kakuhle kwizongezelelo zeprobiotic.

Urhudo olosulelayo

Urhudo olosulelayo sisifo sorhudo esibangelwa sisixhobo esosulelayo, esifana neentsholongwane okanye iiparasites. Ngaphezulu kweebhaktheriya ezahlukeneyo ezingama-20, iintsholongwane, kunye neeparasites ziyaziwa ukuba zibangela urhudo osulelayo, kubandakanya Irotavirus, E. coli, kunye Salmonella ().

Urhudo olosulelayo luxhaphake kakhulu kumazwe asakhasayo kwaye kungakhokelela ekufeni ukuba alunyangwa. Unyango lubandakanya ukunqanda ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, ukunciphisa ixesha lomntu osulelayo, kunye nokunciphisa ixesha lokuhambisa.

Olunye uphononongo lwezifundo ezingama-63 kubantu abayi-8,014 bagqiba kwelokuba ii-probiotic zikhusele ngokukhuselekileyo ixesha lokurhuda kunye nokuhamba rhoqo kwesitulo kubantu abadala kunye nabantwana abanesifo sorhudo esosulelayo ().

Ngokomndilili, amaqela anyangwe ngeprobiotic afumana isifo sohudo phantse iiyure ezingama-25 ngaphantsi kwamaqela olawulo ().

Urhudo olunxulumene ne-Antibiotic

Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ngamayeza asetyenziselwa ukunyanga uluhlu lwezifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane. Urhudo sisiphumo esichaphazeleka kunyango lwe-antibiotiki ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwesisu esiqhelekileyo se-microbiota la mayeza abangela.

Ukuthatha iiprobiotic kunokunceda ukuthintela urhudo olunxulunyaniswa nokusetyenziswa kweyeza lokubulala iintsholongwane.

Ukuphononongwa kwezifundo ezili-17 kubantu abangama-3,631 kubonise ukuba isifo sohudo esinxulumene ne-antibiotic sasixhaphake kakhulu kulabo babengenakongeza ngeprobiotic.

Ngapha koko, phantse i-18% yabantu abakumaqela olawulo babenesifo sohudo esihambelana ne-antibiotic ngelixa i-8% yabantu abakumaqela anyangwe nge-probiotic bachaphazelekayo ().

Uphengululo luqukumbele ukuba iiprobiotic-ngakumbi ILactobacillus rhamnosus GG kunye Saccharomyces boulardii iintlobo- zinokunciphisa umngcipheko wohudo onxulunyaniswa ne-antibiotic ukuya kuthi ga kwi-51% ().

Urhudo lomhambi

Ukuhamba kukutyhila kwiintlobo ezininzi zezinto ezincinci ezingafakwanga kwinkqubo yakho, ezinokubangela urhudo.

Urhudo lomhambi luchazwa ngokuthi "kukudlula kwezitulo ezintathu okanye nangaphezulu ezingafakwanga kakuhle ngemini" enophawu olunye olunxulumene noko, ezinje ngeekram okanye iintlungu zesisu, ezenzeka kumhambi emva kokufika apho aya khona. Ichaphazela abantu abazizigidi ezingama-20 ngonyaka (,).

Ukuphononongwa kwezifundo ezili-11 kufumanise ukuba unyango lothintelo kunye nezongezelelo zeprobiotic kunciphise kakhulu ukuvela kwesifo sohudo ().

Olunye uphononongo lwe-2019 lwezifundo ezili-12 lubonise ukuba kuphela lonyango oluneprobiotic Saccharomyces boulardii kukhokelele ekunciphiseni okubonakalayo ukuya kuthi ga kwiipesenti ezingama-21 kuhudo lwabahambi ().

Urhudo oluchaphazela abantwana neentsana

Urhudo olunxulumene ne-antibiotic kunye nezifo ezibangela urhudo zixhaphake kwiintsana nasebantwaneni.

I-Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) sisifo samathumbu esenzeka phantse kuphela kwiintsana. Esi sifo sibonakaliswa kukudumba kwamathumbu okukhokelela kukonyuka kweentsholongwane, ezonakalisa kakhulu iiseli zamathumbu kunye nekholoni ().

I-NEC yimeko embi kunye nenqanaba lokusweleka eliphakamileyo njenge-50% ().

Enye yeempawu ze-NEC sisifo sorhudo esiqatha. Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ahlala esetyenziselwa ukunyanga esi sifo, esinokukhokelela kurhudo olunxulunyaniswa namayeza oluchaphazela imeko yesigulana.

Ukongeza, ezinye iingcali zicebisa ukuba unyango lwe -antibiotic inokuba yinto enye ebangela i-NEC ().

Izifundo zibonise ukuba iiprobiotiki zinokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko we-NEC kunye nokufa kwiintsana ezizelwe ngaphambi kwexesha ().

Uphengululo lwezifundo ezingama-42 ezibandakanya abantwana abangaphezulu kwama-5 000 abangaphantsi kweeveki ezingama-37 ubudala bafumanisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kweeprobiotiki kunciphisile imeko ye-NEC kwaye kwabonisa ukuba unyango lweprobiotic lukhokelele ekwehliseni ukusweleka kweentsana ().

Ukongeza, olunye uphononongo luqukumbele ukuba unyango lweprobiotic lunxulunyaniswa namazinga asezantsi orhudo olunxulumene ne-antibiotic kubantwana abaneminyaka eyi-1 ukuya kwi-18 yeminyaka ().

Olunye uphononongo lufumanise ukuba iintlobo ezithile zeprobiotic, kubandakanya ILactobacillus rhamnosus I-GG, inokunyanga isifo sorhudo esosulelayo nakubantwana ngokunjalo ().

Ukuthatha iiprobiotic kunokunceda ukuthintela nokunyanga isifo sorhudo esihambelana nosulelo, ukuhamba, kunye nokusetyenziswa kweyeza.

Ezona ntlobo zibalaseleyo zeeprobiotic zokunyanga urhudo

Kukho amakhulu eentlobo zeeprobiotiki, kodwa uphando lubonisa ukuba ukongeza ngokukhetha ezimbalwa kunceda kakhulu xa kusilwa urhudo.

Ngokweziphumo zophando lwakutsha nje, ezi ntlobo zilandelayo zezona zinobuchule beprobiotic yokunyanga urhudo:

• ILactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG): Le probiotic iphakathi kwezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo zixhaswayo. Uphando lubonisa ukuba i-LGG yenye yezona ndlela zisebenzayo zokunyanga urhudo kubantu abadala nasebantwaneni (,).
• Saccharomyces boulardii:S. boulardii lunyango olunenzuzo oluqhele ukusetyenziswa kwizongezo zeprobiotic. Kubonakalisiwe ukunyanga isifo sorhudo esidibene ne-antibiotic (,).
• IBifidobacterium lactis: Le probiotic inamandla okonyusa amajoni omzimba kunye neempawu zokukhusela isisu kwaye inokubunciphisa kakhulu ubuzaza kunye nokuphindaphinda kwesifo sorhudo ebantwaneni ().
• Icactobacillus casei:L. casei lolunye uhlobo lweprobiotic oluye lwafundelwa izibonelelo zalo ezichasene nesifo sorhudo. Olunye uphononongo lubonisa ukuba iyayanyanga isifo esihambisayo nesinokusuleleka kubantwana nakubantu abadala (,).

Nangona ezinye iintlobo zeprobiotiki zinokunceda ukunyanga isifo sohudo, ezi ntlobo zidweliswe apha ngasentla zinolona phando luxhasa ukusetyenziswa kwazo kule meko.

Iiprobiotic zilinganiswa kwiiColony Forming Units (CFU), ezibonisa inani leebhaktheriya eziluncedo ezijolise kwidosi nganye. Uninzi lweeproticotic supplements ziqulathe phakathi kwe-1 kunye ne-10 yezigidigidi ze-CFU ngedosi.

Nangona kunjalo, ezinye izongezo zeprobiotic zipakishwe ngaphezulu kwe-100 yezigidigidi ze-CFU ngedosi nganye.

Ngelixa ukhetha ukongezwa kweprobiotic nge-CFU ephezulu kubalulekile, iintlobo ezibandakanyiweyo kwisongezelelo kunye nomgangatho wemveliso zibaluleke ngokulinganayo ().

Ngenxa yokuba umgangatho kunye ne-CFU yezongezelelo zeprobiotic zingahluka ngokubanzi, yinto efanelekileyo yokusebenza kunye noqeqesho lwezempilo olufanelekileyo ukukhetha iprobiotic kunye ne-dosage.

ILactobacillus rhamnosus GG, ISaccharomyces boulardii, iBifidobacterium lactis, kwaye Icactobacillus casei zezinye zezona ntlobo zisebenzayo zeeprobiotiki zokunyanga isifo sohudo.

Iziphumo ezinokubakho ezinxulumene nokusetyenziswa kweprobiotic

Ngelixa iiprobiotic zihlala zithathwa njengekhuselekileyo kubo bobabini abantwana kunye nabantu abadala kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinqabileyo kunqabile kubantu abasempilweni, ezinye iziphumo ezinokubakho zinokubakho kubantu abathile.

Abantu abasesichengeni sokosuleleka, kubandakanya abantu abachacha kutyando, iintsana ezigula kakhulu, kunye nabo bahlala kwiindawo zokuhlala okanye abagula ngokungapheliyo basemngciphekweni wokufumana iimpendulo ezingalunganga emva kokuthatha iiprobiotic ().

Umzekelo, iprobiotic inokubangela usulelo olunzulu lwenkqubo, isifo sorhudo, ukukhuthaza amajoni omzimba okomeleleyo, ukubamba isisu, kunye nesicaphucaphu kubantu abangenakuchukunyiswa ().

Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinzulu ezinxulumene nokuthatha iiprobiotic ngamanye amaxesha zinokwenzeka nakubantu abasempilweni, kubandakanya ukuqunjelwa, igesi, iihiccups, irhashalala kunye nokuqunjelwa ().

Ngelixa iiprobiotic ngokubanzi zithathwa njengekhuselekileyo kubantu abaninzi, kuhlala kungumbono olungileyo ukubonisana nomboneleli wakho wezempilo ngaphambi kokuba ungeze naluphi na ukongezwa kuwe okanye ekutyeni komntwana wakho.

Iiprobiotic zithathwa ngokubanzi njengezikhuselekileyo kodwa zinokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kubantu abangaxhomekekanga emzimbeni.

Umgca wezantsi

Ngokophando lwakutsha nje, iintlobo ezithile zeprobiotic zinokunceda ukunyanga nokukhusela iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zorhudo, kubandakanya intsholongwane, isifo esosulelayo kunye notyatyazo lomhambi.

Nangona kukho amakhulu eentlobo zeeprobiotiki ezikhoyo kwifomu yokongeza, bambalwa kuphela abaqinisekisiweyo ukuba bayanyanga urhudo, kubandakanya ILactobacillus rhamnosus GG, ISaccharomyces boulardii, iBifidobacterium lactis, kwaye Icactobacillus casei.

Ukuba unomdla wokusebenzisa iiprobiotic ukunyanga okanye ukunqanda urhudo, nxibelelana nomboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuze ufumane iingcebiso.

Ungathenga izongezo zeprobiotic ekuhlaleni okanye kwi-Intanethi. Qiniseka ukuba ukhangela ubunzima obucetyiswa ngumboneleli wakho wezonyango.