Ugqirha wamathambo

Umxholo

• Iimpawu
• Oonobangela
• Izinketho zonyango
• Iimeko ezihambelanayo
• Ukumelwa yintliziyo
• Isifo esinganyangekiyo semiphunga (COPD)
• Ukudumba kwemiphunga
• Imbonakalo

Ushwankathelo

I-Orthopnea kukuphefumla kancinci okanye ukuphefumla nzima xa ulele phantsi. Ivela kwigama lesiGrike elithi "ortho," elithetha ngqo okanye nkqo, kunye ne "pnea," okuthetha "ukuphefumla."

Ukuba unolu phawu, ukuphefumla kwakho kuya kusebenza xa ulala phantsi. Kuya kufuneka kuphuculwe nje ukuba uhlale okanye ume.

Kwiimeko ezininzi, i-orthopnea luphawu lokusilela kwentliziyo.

I-Orthopnea yahlukile kwi-dyspnea, enobunzima bokuphefumla ngexesha lezinto ezingadinisiyo. Ukuba une-dyspnea, uziva ngathi uphefumla kancinci okanye unengxaki yokubamba umphefumlo wakho, nokuba wenza wuphi umsebenzi okanye ukwisiphi isikhundla okuso.

Olunye umahluko kolu phawu lubandakanya:

• IPlatypnea. Esi sifo sidala umphefumlo omncinci xa umile.
• Ukuxhamla. Esi sifo sidala umphefumlo omncinci xa ulele ngecala.

Iimpawu

I-Orthopnea luphawu. Uya kuziva uphefumla kancinci xa ulala phantsi. Ukuhlala uphakanyisiwe kumqamelo omnye okanye nangaphezulu kunokuphucula indlela ophefumla ngayo.

Zingaphi iipilo ekufuneka uzisebenzisile unokuxelela ugqirha wakho malunga nobunzima be-orthopnea yakho. Umzekelo, "i-orthopnea yomqamelo emithathu" ithetha ukuba i-orthopnea yakho inzima kakhulu.

Oonobangela

I-Orthopnea ibangelwa kukunyuka koxinzelelo kwimithambo yegazi yemiphunga yakho. Xa ungqengqile, igazi liphuma kwimilenze yakho libuyele entliziyweni nasemiphungeni. Kubantu abasempilweni, olu lwabiwo lwegazi alubangeli ngxaki.

Kodwa ukuba unesifo sentliziyo okanye ukusilela kwentliziyo, intliziyo yakho isenokungabi namandla ngokwaneleyo okumpompa igazi elongezelelweyo libuye liphume entliziyweni. Oku kunokunyusa uxinzelelo kwimithambo kunye nee-capillaries ngaphakathi kwemiphunga yakho, kubangele ukuba ulwelo luphumele emiphungeni. Olunye ulwelo olwenza kube nzima ukuphefumla.

Ngamanye amaxesha abantu abanesifo se-pulmonary bafumana i-orthopnea-ngakumbi xa imiphunga yabo ivelisa i-mucus engaphezulu. Kunzima kwimiphunga yakho ukucoca i-mucus xa ulele phantsi.

Ezinye izizathu ezinokubangela i-orthopnea zibandakanya:

• ulwelo olugqithisileyo kwimiphunga (i-edema yemiphunga)
• inyumoniya ebukhali
• ukutyeba kakhulu
• ulwakhiwo lwamanzi olujikeleze imiphunga (ukungxola)
• ulwelo olwakhiweyo esiswini (ascites)
• ukukhubazeka kw diaphragm

Izinketho zonyango

Ukunciphisa ukuphefumla okufutshane, ziphakamise ngokuchasene nomqamelo omnye okanye nangaphezulu. Oku kuya kukunceda uphefumle ngokulula. Unokufuna ioksijini eyongezelelweyo, nokuba kusekhaya okanye esibhedlele.

Xa ugqirha wakho efumanisa unobangela wamathambo akho, uya kunyangwa. Oogqirha banyanga ukusilela kwentliziyo ngamayeza, ngoqhaqho nangezixhobo.

Amayeza akhulula i-orthopnea kubantu abanesifo sentliziyo kubandakanya:

• Womchamo. La mayeza athintela ulwelo ekwakhiweni komzimba wakho. Amachiza afana ne-furosemide (Lasix) ayeke ulwelo ekwakhiweni kwemiphunga yakho.
• I-Angiotensin-eguqula i-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. La machiza anconyelwa abantu abanesifo sentliziyo esisekhohlo. Baphucula ukuhamba kwegazi kwaye bathintela intliziyo ekubeni isebenze nzima. I-ACE inhibitors ibandakanya i-captopril (Capoten), enalapril (Vasotec), kunye ne-lisinopril (Zestril).
• Beta-iibhlokhi Kukwacetyiswa abantu abanesifo sentliziyo. Kuxhomekeka ekubeni usilela kangakanani entliziyweni, kukho amanye amayeza anokuyalelwa ngugqirha.

Ukuba unesifo esinganyangekiyo sePulmonary Disease (COPD), ugqirha wakho uya kukuyalela amayeza athoba umoya kunye nokunciphisa ukudumba emiphungeni. Oku kubandakanya:

• ii-bronchodilators ezifana ne-albuterol (ProAir HFA, Ventolin HFA), ipratropium (Atrovent), salmeterol (Serevent), kunye ne-tiotropium (Spiriva)
• i-inhaled steroids efana nebudesonide (Pulmicort Flexhaler, Uceris), fluticasone (Flovent HFA, Flonase)
• indibaniselwano yebronchodilators kunye ne-inhaled steroids, ezinje ngefomoterol kunye nebudesonide (Symbicort) kunye ne-salmeterol kunye ne-fluticasone (Advair)

Unokufuna kwakhona ioksijini eyongezelelweyo ukukunceda uphefumle ngelixa ulele.

Iimeko ezihambelanayo

I-Orthopnea inokuba luphawu lweemeko ezahlukeneyo zonyango, kubandakanya:

Ukumelwa yintliziyo

Le meko yenzeka xa intliziyo yakho ingakwazi ukumpompa igazi ngokufanelekileyo emzimbeni wakho. Ikwabizwa ngokuba kukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo yokuxinana. Nanini na xa ulele phantsi, igazi elininzi lihamba liye emiphungeni yakho. Ukuba intliziyo yakho ebuthathaka ayikwazi ukutyhala elo gazi liye kuwo wonke umzimba, uxinzelelo luyakheka ngaphakathi emiphungeni yakho kwaye lubangele ukuphefumla okufutshane.

Rhoqo olu phawu aluqali kude kube ziiyure ezininzi emva kokuba ulele phantsi.

Isifo esinganyangekiyo semiphunga (COPD)

I-COPD yindibaniselwano yezifo zemiphunga ezibandakanya i-emphysema kunye ne-bronchitis engapheliyo. Kubangela ukuphefumla okufutshane, ukukhohlela, ukuvutha, kunye nokuqina kwesifuba. Ngokungafaniyo nokusilela kwentliziyo, i-orthopnea evela kwi-COPD iqala phantse kwangoko emva kokuba ulale phantsi.

Ukudumba kwemiphunga

Le meko ibangelwa lulwelo oluninzi emiphungeni, nto leyo eyenza kubenzima ukuphefumla. Ukuphelelwa ngumphefumlo kuya kusiba mandundu xa ulala phantsi. Rhoqo oku kuvela kukusilela kwentliziyo.

Imbonakalo

Imbonakalo yakho ixhomekeke ekubeni yeyiphi na imeko ebangela ukuba kubekho amazinyo akho, ukuba inzima kangakanani loo meko, nendlela ephathwa ngayo. Amachiza kunye nolunye unyango lunokusebenza ekunciphiseni i-orthopnea kunye neemeko ezibangela, njengokuhluleka kwentliziyo kunye neCOPD.