Ityhefu yeParaquat

Umxholo

• Ziintoni iimpawu zetyhefu yeparaquat?
• Yintoni ebangela ityhefu yeparaquat?
• Ichongwa njani ityhefu yeparaquat?
• Iphathwa njani ityhefu yeparaquat?
• Iyintoni imbonakalo yetyhefu yeparaquat?
• Ungayithintela njani ityhefu yeparaquat

Yintoni iparaquat?

IParaquat yimichiza yokubulala ukhula, okanye umbulali wokhula, inetyhefu kakhulu kwaye isetyenziswa kwihlabathi liphela. Kwakhona kwaziwa ngegama le-brand Gramoxone.

I-Paraquat yenye yezona zinto zixhaphakileyo zokutshabalalisa ukhula ezisetyenziswa namhlanje, kodwa inokubangela ityhefu ebulalayo xa ungenile okanye uphefumle.

Isetyenziselwa ukulawula ukhula nokukhula kwengca. E-United States, kuphela ngabantu abanelayisensi yokuyiphatha abanikwa ukufikelela kumachiza. Ityhefu yeparaquat ayisiyonto iqhelekileyo eMelika. Nangona kunjalo, ngoyena nobangela uphambili wobutyhefu obubulalayo kwiindawo zaseAsia, kwiiPacific Islands, nakuMzantsi noMbindi Merika. Kuxelwe ukuba ngaphezulu kweparquat yetyhefu ikhokelela ekufeni.

Ziintoni iimpawu zetyhefu yeparaquat?

Ityhefu yeparaquat yinkqubo ekhawulezayo, kwaye iimpawu zikhula ngokukhawuleza.

Ngokukhawuleza emva kokungenisa okanye ukungenisa isixa setyhefu separaquat, umntu kunokwenzeka ukuba abe nokudumba kunye nentlungu emlonyeni nasemqaleni. IParaquat ibangela umonakalo kwangoko ngonxibelelwano oluthe ngqo Kungekudala emva koko, banokuba namava:

• isicaphucaphu
• intlungu zesisu
• ukugabha
• urhudo olunokuba ligazi

Iimpawu zesisu zihlala zinzima. Zingakhokelela ekuphelisweni kwamanzi emzimbeni kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi olusezantsi. Omnye unokufumana ukopha kunye nokuphefumla nzima.

Nokuba ukungenisa isixa esincinci ukuya esiphakathi separaquat kunokukhokelela kwityhefu elibulalayo. Kwisithuba seeveki ezininzi ukuya kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emva kokungenisa isixa esincinci, umntu unokufumana isikhumba semiphunga kunye nokusilela kwamalungu amaninzi. Oku kubandakanya ukusilela kwentliziyo, ukusilela ekuphefumuleni, ukusilela kwezintso, kunye nokusilela kwesibindi.

Ukufaka isixa esikhulu separaquat kuya kubangela iimpawu ezibi ngaphakathi kweeyure ezininzi ukuya kwiintsuku ezininzi. Ezi mpawu zibandakanya:

• ukudideka
• ubuthathaka bemisipha
• ukuxhuzula
• ukusilela ekuphefumuleni kunye nokuphefumla nzima
• ukukhawuleza kwentliziyo
• ikhoma

Iiyure ezininzi emva kokungenisa okanye ukusezela izixa ezikhulu, ityhefu yeparaquat inokubangela:

• ukusilela kwezintso
• ukusilela kwesibindi
• isikhumba semiphunga
• i-edema yemiphunga
• ukusilela ekuphefumuleni

Yintoni ebangela ityhefu yeparaquat?

Ityhefu yeparaquat ihlala ivela ekugingeni ikhemikhali. Oku kunokwenzeka emva kokutya ukutya okanye iziselo ezingcolileyo. Abasebenzi abasoloko bejikeleze imichiza banokuchaphazeleka kwityhefu enokubangela ukonakala kwemiphunga. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, ezinye iibhetshi zentsangu kwafunyaniswa ukuba zinomkhondo weparaquat, othi xa uphefumlelwe ungakhokelela kwityhefu.

Kuyenzeka ukuba ube yityhefu emva kokuvezwa kolusu.Oku kunokwenzeka kakhulu xa unxibelelwano lude kwaye uxinzelelo lweekhemikhali zeparaquat luphezulu. Kuqheleke ngakumbi ukuba imichiza inxibelelana kufutshane nokusika, ukuqaqamba, okanye irhashalala.

Ityhefu yeparaquat ikwayindlela ehamba phambili yokuzibulala, ngakumbi kumazwe apho ukusetyenziswa kwayo kungalawulwayo. Imigaqo yeparaquat ibonakala ngathi iyanciphisa inani lokufa kwabantu abanxulumene nokuzibulala. Kuqikelelwa ukuba malunga nokuzibulala kwehlabathi kuvela kwityhefu yokubulala izinambuzane.

Ichongwa njani ityhefu yeparaquat?

Ukuba uyakholelwa ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho unokuba netyhefu yiparaquat, funa uncedo lwezonyango olungxamisekileyo kwangoko. Ukuba unokutya okholelwa ukuba ukutyhile, yise nawe esibhedlele ukuze kwenziwe uvavanyo.

Ugqirha wakho unoku-odola uvavanyo lwegazi okanye lomchamo kwangoko ukujonga amanqanaba ekhemikhali. Uvavanyo lwegazi lunokunceda ekuvavanyeni ukonakala komzimba. Ezi mvavanyo ziya kubanceda baphonononge kwaye babeke iliso kwimpilo yakho iphela, bajonge izinto ezinje nge-hydration, amanqanaba e-electrolyte, kunye nawo nawuphi na umsebenzi wequmrhu oba mandundu.

Iphathwa njani ityhefu yeparaquat?

Esibhedlele, eyona nto kugxilwe kuyo kukususa iparaquat kwinkqubo yakho. Ukuba ukungenisa bekusandula ukwenzeka, baya kukunika amalahle asebenzayo, nokuba uthathe ngomlomo okanye ngetyhubhu yempumlo. Oku kunokunceda ukufunxa ikhemikhali kunye nokunciphisa isixa esithathwe ngumzimba wakho.

Ukuba ityhefu yeparaquat ihambele phambili, oogqirha banoku-odola i-hemoperfusion. Le nkqubo izama ukucoca igazi ngamalahle ukuzama ukususa iparaquat kwinkqubo (ngakumbi imiphunga).

Uyakunikwa ulwelo kunye neelectrolyte nge-IV ukugcina unamanzi. Ukuba ukuphefumla kwakho kuyasebenza okanye kunzima, uya kunikwa inkxaso kumatshini wokuphefumla.

Oogqirha baya kuqhubeka nokuvavanya igazi lakho kunye nomchamo kwaye bajonge iimpawu ezibalulekileyo ukujonga umonakalo obangelwe yityhefu. Baya ku-oda i-X-ray yesifuba okanye i-CT scan ukuvavanya ukulimala kwemiphunga. Banokukugcina unamathele ekubekweni esweni kwentliziyo okanye u-odole i-EKG yokuvavanya ukusebenza kwentliziyo yakho.

Njengoko kuvela iimpawu, oogqirha bakho baya kulawula amayeza kunye nongenelelo lonyango ukujongana nazo. Oku kunokubandakanya amayeza okuchasa ukugabha kokugaya ukutya kunye namayeza okulwa nokubanjwa okwenzekileyo.

Amaxesha amaninzi akunakwenzeka ukuguqula umonakalo owenzekileyo okanye ukuthintela iziphumo zexesha elide. Oko kuthethiweyo, unyango lwakwangoko lunokuvumela umntu ukuba aphephe iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zetyhefu. Ngelishwa, iparaquat inetyhefu kakhulu kwaye akukho lunyango okanye iyeza.

Iyintoni imbonakalo yetyhefu yeparaquat?

Ityhefu yeparaquat ihlala ibulala. Ukufa kunokwenzeka kakhulu ukuba ungenise imichiza kwaye awufuni ngonyango kwangoko. Imbonakalo ekugqibeleni ixhomekeke ekubeni ubungozi buchanabeke kangakanani, impilo yomntu, kunye nendlela ekhawulezileyo afuna ngayo unyango.

Abanye abantu abasindayo ityhefu yeparquat baya kuphuhlisa iimpawu zokuphefumla, kodwa baphinde bachache ngokupheleleyo. Uninzi lunomonakalo wexesha elide okanye osisigxina kunye nokonakala kwimiphunga yabo. I-Esophageal strictures (okanye inkohliso kwi-esophagus) ikwayimpembelelo yecala eliqhelekileyo; oku kwenza ukuba kube nzima ukuba umntu aginye.

Ungayithintela njani ityhefu yeparaquat

Ngelixa kukho iindlela zolawulo ezikhoyo zetyhefu yeparaquat, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba kuthintelwe ukutyhefa kunye. Ngethamsanqa, zikhona iindlela zokuthintela onokuzilandela ukunciphisa amathuba okungena okanye okufaka inhemikhali kwichiza. Oku kubandakanya:

• Ziphephe iindawo owaziyo ukuba zisebenzisa iparaquat okanye iyeza lokubulala ukhula.
• Hlamba yonke imveliso ngokucokisekileyo ngamanzi acocekileyo ngaphambi kokuba uyisebenzise.
• Kwiindawo ezaziwa ngokusetyenziswa kweparaquat, sela kuphela amanzi asebhotileni kunye nezinye iziselo ezifakwe kwangaphambili.
• Ukuba uyakholelwa ukuba ukutya okanye isiselo sele sinxibelelene neparquat, sukuyisebenzisa.
• Ukuba usebenza ne-paraquat, qiniseka ukuba ufunda zonke iilebhile zeekhemikhali ngononophelo; ishawa ngokukhawuleza emva kokusebenzisa le khemikhali.
• Ukuba ucinga ukuba udibene ne-paraquat engamanzi, susa nayiphi na impahla ngokukhawuleza. Zama ukunqanda ukubamba indawo yeempahla ezingcolileyo. Hlamba nayiphi na iparaquat eluswini ngesixa esikhulu sesepha namanzi. Ukuba unxiba iilensi zonxibelelwano, zisuse emva kokuhlamba izandla zakho kakuhle uze uzilahle kunye nempahla. Hlamba umzimba wakho wonke ngesepha namanzi.

Ukuba uyakholelwa ukuba uchaphazelekile yityhefu yeparaquat, funa uncedo olukhawulezileyo lwezonyango. Ukuba usebenza rhoqo ngeparaquat kwaye ukhathazekile ngokungcoliseka, qiniseka ukuba uyazi ukuba ukuphatha njani nakuphi na ukubonakaliswa.