Ukuskena i-PET: yintoni, yenzelwe ntoni kwaye yenziwa njani

Umxholo

• Yenzelwe ntoni
• Kwenziwa njani

Iskena se-PET, esikwabizwa ngokuba yi-positron emission computed tomography, luvavanyo lokucinga olusetyenziswa kakhulu ekufumaniseni umhlaza kwangoko, ukujonga ukukhula kwesisu nokuba kukho imastastasis. Iskena se-PET siyakwazi ukubonisa ukuba usebenza njani umzimba, ngokulawulwa kwento enemitha ye-radioactive, ebizwa ngokuba yitracer, ethi, xa ifunxwe ngumzimba, ikhuphe imitha ebanjwa sisixhobo kwaye iguqulwe ibe ngumfanekiso.

Uviwo alubangeli zintlungu, nangona kunjalo kunokubangela ukungonwabi ukuba umntu une-claustrophobic, njengoko kusenziwa kwizixhobo ezivaliweyo. Ukongeza ekusetyenzisweni ngokubanzi kwi-oncology, i-PET scan ikwaluncedo ekuchongeni izifo ze-neurological, ezinje nge-Alzheimer's kunye nokuxhuzula.

Ukuskena i-PET luvavanyo olufumanekayo kwizicwangciso zezempilo kunye ne-SUS eyenzelwa kuphela uphando, ukufumanisa isifo kunye nokubeka iliso kumhlaza wemiphunga, i-lymphomas, umhlaza wekolon, umhlaza we-rectal kunye nezifo ze-immunoproliferative, ezinjenge-myeloma ezininzi, esisifo esiqala iiseli zegazi ukukhula nokwanda kumongo wethambo. Fumanisa ukuba zithini iimpawu kunye nendlela yokuchonga i-myeloma eninzi.

Yenzelwe ntoni

Ukuvavanywa kwe-PET luvavanyo lokuqonda isifo olwahlukileyo kolunye uvavanyo lokucinga, njenge-computed tomography kunye nemagnetic resonance imaging, umzekelo. Kungenxa yokuba ivumela ukubonwa kweengxaki kwinqanaba leselula ngokukhutshwa kwemitha, oko kukuthi, iyakwazi ukujonga ukusebenza kweeseli, ichonge umhlaza kwangoko, umzekelo.

Ukongeza kwisicelo sayo ekuchongeni umhlaza, ukuskena kwePET kunokusetyenziselwa:

• Fumana iingxaki zemithambo-luvo, ezinje ngokuxhuzula kunye ne-dementias;
• Khangela iingxaki zentliziyo;
• Ukujonga ukuvela komhlaza;
• Ukujonga ukuphendula kunyango;
• Ukuchonga iinkqubo zemetastatic.

Iskena se-PET siyakwazi ukumisela isifo kwaye sichaze isifo, oko kukuthi, amathuba okuphucula okanye ukuwohloka kwesigulana.

Kwenziwa njani

Uvavanyo lwenziwa ngolawulo lomlomo, ngokusebenzisa ulwelo, okanye ngokuthe ngqo kumthambo we-tracer, oqhelekile iswekile ephawulwe ngento enemitha ye-radioactive. Ngenxa yokuba i-tracer iswekile, olu vavanyo alubeki mngcipheko kwezempilo, njengoko lula ukususwa ngumzimba. I-tracer kufuneka ilawulwe ngokuzila kangangeyure ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-6, ngokweengcebiso zonyango, kunye nokuvavanywa kwe-PET kwenziwa emva kweyure enye, ukuvumela ixesha lokuba into ene-radioactive ifunxwe ngumzimba, kwaye ihlala malunga neyure enye.

Ukuskena i-PET kwenza ukufundwa komzimba, ukubamba imitha ekhutshiweyo kunye nokwenza imifanekiso. Kuphando lweenkqubo zethumba, umzekelo, ukusetyenziswa kweglucose ngeeseli kukhulu kakhulu, kuba iswekile ingumthombo wamandla ayimfuneko ekwahlukaneni kweseli. Ngenxa yoko, umfanekiso oqingqiweyo uya kuba neendawo ezixineneyo apho kukho ukusetyenziswa okukhulu kweswekile kwaye, ngenxa yoko, ukukhutshwa okukhulu kwemitha, enokuthi ibonakalise ithumba.

Emva koviwo kubalulekile ukuba umntu asele amanzi amaninzi ukuze i-tracer isuswe ngokulula. Ukongeza, kunokuba kukho ukungabikho komzimba kwiimpawu ezincinci, ezifana nokubomvu, apho i-tracer yafakwa khona.

Uvavanyo alunangqinisiso kwaye lunokwenziwa nakubantu abanesifo seswekile okanye iingxaki zezintso. Nangona kunjalo, abasetyhini abakhulelweyo okanye abancancisayo abacetyiswa ukuba benze olu vavanyo lokuchonga, njengoko kusetyenziswa into enemitha ye-radio enokuchaphazela umntwana.