Yintoni i-Exotropia?

Umxholo

• Ushwankathelo
• Iindidi ze-exotropia
• I-exotropia yokuzalwa
• I-exotropia evakalayo
• Ukufumana i-exotropia
• I-exotropia engapheliyo
• Ziziphi iimpawu ze-exotropia?
• Umbono
• Ezinye iimpawu
• Iingxaki
• Izizathu ze-exotropia
• I-exotropia ifunyaniswa njani?
• Iphathwa njani i-exotropia?
• Yintoni imbonakalo?

Ushwankathelo

I-Exotropia luhlobo lwe-strabismus, okungahambelani kakuhle kwamehlo. I-Exotropia yimeko apho elinye okanye amehlo omabini ajika ngaphandle aphume empumlweni. Kukuchasene namehlo awelekileyo.

Phantse iipesenti ezi-4 zabantu eUnited States bane strabismus. I-Exotropia luhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwe-strabismus. Ngelixa inokuchaphazela nawuphina umntu nakweyiphi na iminyaka, ihlala ifunyaniswa kuselithuba ebomini. Iiakhawunti ze-Exotropia ukuya kuthi ga kwiipesenti ezingama-25 zazo zonke izinto ezingalunganga zamehlo kubantwana abancinci.

Funda ukuze ufunde ngakumbi ngale meko.

Iindidi ze-exotropia

I-Exotropia ngokubanzi ihlelwa ngohlobo lwayo.

I-exotropia yokuzalwa

I-exotropia ye-Congenital ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-infantile exotropia. Abantu abanale meko banokujika kwangaphandle kwamehlo okanye kwamehlo ukusuka ekuzalweni okanye ekuqaleni kobusana.

I-exotropia evakalayo

Ukungaboni kakuhle kwiliso kubangela ukuba ijike ingaphandle kwaye ingasebenzi ngokuhambelana neliso elichanekileyo. Olu hlobo lwe-exotropia lunokwenzeka nakweyiphi na iminyaka.

Ukufumana i-exotropia

Olu hlobo lwe-exotropia sisiphumo sesifo, umothuko, okanye enye imeko yezempilo, ngakumbi ezo zichaphazela ingqondo. Umzekelo, ukubetha okanye i-Down syndrome kunokunyusa umngcipheko wale meko.

I-exotropia engapheliyo

Le yeyona ndlela iqhelekileyo ye-exotropia. Ichaphazela abafazi ngokuphindwe kabini kunabesilisa.

I-exotropia engapheliyo ibangela ukuba iliso ngamanye amaxesha liphumele ngaphandle, rhoqo xa udiniwe, ugula, uphupha emini, okanye ujonge kude. Ngamanye amaxesha, iliso lihlala lithe nkqo. Olu phawu lunokwenzeka ngokufuthi, okanye lunokwenzeka rhoqo kangangokuba ekugqibeleni luya kuhlala luhleli.

Ziziphi iimpawu ze-exotropia?

Amehlo angagxininisi kwaye asebenze ngokubambisana kunye namanye angabangela iingxaki ezahlukeneyo ngombono kunye nempilo yomzimba.

Umbono

Xa amehlo angajongi kunye, imifanekiso emibini eyahlukeneyo ithunyelwa kwingqondo. Omnye umfanekiso yilokho iliso elithe tye libonayo kunye nomnye into iliso elijikayo libona.

Ukuthintela umbono ophindwe kabini, i-amblyopia, okanye iliso elonqenayo, liyenzeka, kwaye nengqondo ayiwuhoyi umfanekiso ukusuka kwiliso elijikiweyo. Oku kunokubangela ukuba iliso elijikiweyo libe buthathaka, kukhokelela ekonakaleni okanye ekuphulukaneni nombono.

Ezinye iimpawu

Ezinye iimpawu zingabandakanya:

• inye okanye omabini amehlo ajikele ngaphandle
• ukuthambisa rhoqo kwamehlo
• ukutswina okanye ukugquma iliso elinye xa ujonge ekukhanyeni okuqaqambileyo okanye uzama ukubona izinto ezikude

Iingxaki

Le meko inokukhokelela kwiingxaki. Oku kulandelayo kungangumqondiso we-exotropia:

• intloko ebuhlungu
• iingxaki zokufunda
• amehlo
• ukungaboni kakuhle
• umbono ombi we-3-D

Ukubona ngaphambili kuqhelekile kubantu abakule meko. Ngokutsho kophando olupapashwe kwiAmerican Journal of Ophthalmology, ngaphezulu kweepesenti ezingama-90 zabantwana abane-exotropia eqhawukayo baba kufutshane xa sele beneminyaka engama-20.

Izizathu ze-exotropia

I-Exotropia yenzeka xa kukho ukungalingani kwiimisipha zamehlo okanye xa kukho umba wokubonisa phakathi kwengqondo kunye neliso. Ngamanye amaxesha imeko yezempilo, enjenge-cataract okanye i-stroke, inokubangela ukuba oku kwenzeke. Le meko isenokuzuzwa njengelifa.

Phantse iipesenti ezingama-30 zabantwana abane-strabismus banelungu losapho elinemeko. Xa kungekho imbali yosapho, ukugula, okanye imeko enokuchongwa, oogqirha abaqinisekanga ukuba yintoni ebangela ukuba i-strabismus efana ne-exotropia ikhule.

Akucingelwa ukuba kubangelwa kukubukela iTV, ukudlala imidlalo yevidiyo, okanye ukwenza umsebenzi wekhompyuter. Kodwa le misebenzi inokwenza amehlo adinwe, anokubangela ukuba i-exotropia ibe mandundu.

I-exotropia ifunyaniswa njani?

Ukuxilongwa kuhlala kwenziwa ngokusekwe kwimbali yosapho kunye nokuvavanywa kombono. Ugqirha wamehlo okanye ugqirha wamehlo-abagqirha abagxile kwimicimbi yamehlo-bakulungele kakhulu ukufumanisa esi sifo. Baza kukubuza malunga neempawu, imbali yosapho, kunye nezinye iimeko zempilo ukubanceda ukuba bafumane isifo.

Ugqirha wakho uya kuqhuba iqela leemvavanyo zombono. Oku kunokubandakanya:

• Ukufunda iileta ezikwitshathi yamehlo ukuba umntwana wakho mdala ngokwaneleyo ukuba angafunda
• ukubeka uthotho lweelensi phambi kwamehlo ukubona ukuba zikukhanyisa njani ukukhanya
• iimvavanyo ezijonga ukujonga kwamehlo
• usebenzisa ukwehla kwamehlo ukunceda ukwandisa abafundi bamehlo kunye nokuvumela ugqirha ukuba avavanye ubume babo bangaphakathi

Iphathwa njani i-exotropia?

Xa ukungalungelelaniswa kwamehlo kwenzeka kwangethuba ebomini kwaye ukukhukhumala kunqabile, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba ubukele nje kwaye ulinde. Unyango lunokucetyiswa ukuba ukukhukhumeza kuqala ukuba mandundu okanye kungaphucuki, ngakumbi kumntwana omncinci onombono kunye nezihlunu zamehlo ezisakhulayo.

Injongo yonyango kukwenza ukuba amehlo alungelelanise kangangoko kunokwenzeka kunye nokuphucula umbono. Unyango lubandakanya:

• Iiglasi: Iiglasi ezinceda ukulungisa kufutshane okanye ukubona kude kuya kunceda ukugcina amehlo elungelelanisiwe.
• Ukubamba: Abantu abane-exotropia bathambekele ekuthandeni iliso elungelelanisiweyo, ke umbono kwiliso ojikwe ujonge ngaphandle unokunciphisa, okukhokelela kwi-amblyopia (iliso elonqenayo). Ukuphucula amandla kunye nokubona kwiliso elingalunganga, abanye oogqirha baya kuncoma ukukhupha iso "elihle" ukuya kwiiyure eziliqela ngosuku ukukhuthaza ukuba usebenzise iliso elibuthathaka.
• Ukuzivocavoca: Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuzivocavoca kwamehlo ukuphucula ukugxila.

Ngamanye amaxesha, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa utyando ukulungisa izihlunu zamehlo. Olu tyando lwenziwa phantsi kwe-anesthesia yomntwana ngokubanzi kunye ne-arhente yoloyiko lendawo yomntu omdala. Ngamanye amaxesha utyando kufuneka luphindwe.

Kubantu abadala, utyando aluhlali luphucula ukubona. Endaweni yoko, umntu omdala unokukhetha ukwenza utyando ukuze amehlo akhe abonakale ethe tye.

Yintoni imbonakalo?

I-Exotropia ixhaphakile kwaye iyanyangeka, ngakumbi xa ifunyenwe kwaye yalungiswa esemncinci. Malunga neenyanga ezi-4 ubudala, amehlo kufuneka alungelelaniswe kwaye akwazi ukujonga. Ukuba uqaphela ukungalungelelani kakuhle emva kweli nqaku, makuhlolwe ngugqirha wamehlo.

Iingcali ziqaphele ukuba i-exotropia enganyangekiyo ithande ukuba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha kwaye kunqabile ukuba iphucule ngokukhawuleza.