I-Fibrosis yePulmonary

Umxholo

• Ziintoni iimpawu ze-pulmonary fibrosis?
• Yintoni ebangela i-pulmonary fibrosis?
• Izifo ezizenzekelayo
• Usulelo
• Ubume bendalo
• Amayeza
• Idiopathic
• Imfuza
• Ngubani osemngciphekweni we-pulmonary fibrosis?
• Ifunyaniswa njani i-pulmonary fibrosis?
• Iphathwa njani i-pulmonary fibrosis?
• Iyintoni imbonakalo yabantu abane-pulmonary fibrosis?
• Iingcebiso zokuthintela

I-pulmonary fibrosis yimeko ebangela ukonakala kwemiphunga kunye nokuqina. Oku kwenza kube nzima ukuphefumla. Inokuthintela umzimba wakho ekufumaneni ioksijini eyaneleyo kwaye ekugqibeleni ingakhokelela kukusilela kokuphefumla, ukusilela kwentliziyo, okanye ezinye iingxaki.

Abaphandi ngoku bakholelwa ukuba indibaniselwano yokuvezwa kukucaphuka kwemiphunga njengeekhemikhali ezithile, ukutshaya, kunye nosulelo, kunye nemfuza kunye nomsebenzi wamajoni omzimba, zidlala indima ephambili kwi-pulmonary fibrosis.

Kwakukhe kwacingwa ukuba imeko ibangelwa kukudumba. Ngoku izazinzulu zikholelwa ukuba kukho inkqubo yokuphilisa engaqhelekanga emiphungeni ekhokelela ekunqandeni. Ukuyilwa kwemiphunga ebalulekileyo yemiphunga ekugqibeleni iba yi-pulmonary fibrosis.

Ziintoni iimpawu ze-pulmonary fibrosis?

Unokuba ne-pulmonary fibrosis kangangexesha elithile ngaphandle kweempawu. Ukuphefumla kancinci luphawu lokuqala olukhulayo.

Ezinye iimpawu zingabandakanya:

• ukoma, ukukhohlela okungapheliyo (ixesha elide)
• ubuthathaka
• ukudinwa
• ukugoba kweenzipho, okubizwa ngokuba yiklabhu
• ukuhla ukusinda
• Ukungonwabi esifubeni

Kuba imeko ngokubanzi ichaphazela abantu abadala, iimpawu zakwangoko zihlala zingenziwa gwenxa kubudala okanye ukuswela umthambo.

Iimpawu zakho zisenokubonakala zincinci ekuqaleni kunye nenkqubela phambili ekuhambeni kwexesha. Iimpawu ziyahluka ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye. Abanye abantu abane-pulmonary fibrosis bagula ngokukhawuleza.

Yintoni ebangela i-pulmonary fibrosis?

Oonobangela be-pulmonary fibrosis banokuhlulwa ngokweendidi ezininzi:

• izifo ezizimeleyo
• usulelo
• Ubume bendalo
• amayeza
• idiopathic (engaziwayo)
• yemfuza

Izifo ezizenzekelayo

Izifo ezizimeleyo zibangela ukuba amajoni omzimba wakho azihlasele. Iimeko ezizenzekelayo ezinokukhokelela kwi-pulmonary fibrosis zibandakanya:

• irheumatoid Arthritis
• lupus erythematosus, eyaziwa njenge lupus
• scleroderma
• polymyositis
• dermatomyositis
• vasculitis

Usulelo

Ezi ntlobo zilandelayo zosulelo zinokubangela i-pulmonary fibrosis:

• usulelo lwebhaktiriya
• iintsholongwane, ezibangelwa yi-hepatitis C, i-adenovirus, i-herpes virus kunye nezinye iintsholongwane

Ubume bendalo

Ukubonakaliswa kwezinto kwimeko okanye kwindawo yokusebenza kunokuba negalelo kwi-pulmonary fibrosis. Umzekelo, umsi wecuba uqulethe iikhemikhali ezininzi ezinokonakalisa imiphunga yakho kwaye zikhokelele kule meko.

Ezinye izinto ezinokonakalisa imiphunga yakho zibandakanya:

• iifayibha zeasbestos
• uthuli lweenkozo
• isilika uthuli
• iigesi ezithile
• imitha

Amayeza

Amanye amayeza anokuphakamisa umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa i-pulmonary fibrosis. Ukuba uthatha elinye lala mayeza rhoqo, unokufuna ukubek'esweni ngokusondeleyo ngugqirha wakho.

• iziyobisi ngamachiza, njengecyclophosphamide
• i-antibiotics, efana ne-nitrofurantoin (Macrobid) kunye ne-sulfasalazine (Azulfidine)
• iziyobisi zentliziyo, ezinje nge-amiodarone (Nexterone)
• amayeza e-biologic anje nge-adalimumab (Humira) okanye i-etanercept (Enbrel)

Idiopathic

Kwiimeko ezininzi, oyena nobangela we-pulmonary fibrosis engaziwayo. Xa kunjalo, imeko ibizwa ngokuba yi-idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).

Ngokwe-American Lung Association, uninzi lwabantu abane-pulmonary fibrosis bane-IPF.

Imfuza

Ngokutsho kwePulmonary Fibrosis Foundation, malunga neepesenti ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-20 zabantu abane-IPF banelinye ilungu losapho eline-pulmonary fibrosis. Kwezi meko, yaziwa njengefamily pulmonary fibrosis okanye usapho lwangaphakathi lwenyumoniya.

Abaphandi banxibelelanise ezinye zofuzo kwimeko, kwaye uphando malunga nendima edlalwa yimfuza iyaqhubeka.

Ngubani osemngciphekweni we-pulmonary fibrosis?

Kungenzeka ukuba ufumane i-pulmonary fibrosis ukuba:

• yindoda
• baphakathi kweminyaka engama-40 nama-70
• unembali yokutshaya
• Unembali yosapho ngale meko
• unesifo sokuzimela komzimba esihambelana nemeko
• uthathe amayeza athile ahambelana nesi sifo
• baye bafumana unyango lomhlaza, ngakumbi imitha yesifuba
• sebenza kwindawo enxulunyaniswa nomngcipheko owandayo, ofana nokumba umgodi, ukulima, okanye ukwakha

Ifunyaniswa njani i-pulmonary fibrosis?

IPulmonary fibrosis yenye yeentlobo ezingaphezu kwezi-200 zezifo zemiphunga ezikhoyo. Ngenxa yokuba zininzi iintlobo zezifo zemiphunga, ugqirha wakho unokuba nobunzima bokuchonga ukuba i-pulmonary fibrosis ngumba weempawu zakho.

Kuvavanyo olwenziwe yiPulmonary Fibrosis Foundation, iipesenti ezingama-55 zabaphenduliyo baxela ukungafunyaniswa kungalunganga ngaxa lithile. Ezona zinto zixhaphakileyo zixhaphakileyo sisifo sombefu, inyumoniya kunye nebronchitis.

Sebenzisa izikhokelo ezikhoyo ngoku, kuqikelelwa ukuba kwizigulana ezi-2 kwezi-3 ezine-pulmonary fibrosis ngoku zinokuchongwa ngokufanelekileyo ngaphandle kwe-biopsy.

Ngokudibanisa ulwazi lwakho lweklinikhi kunye neziphumo zohlobo oluthile lwe-CT scan esifubeni, ugqirha wakho uya kuba nakho ukufumanisa ukuba ukufumanisa ngokuchanekileyo.

Kwiimeko apho ukuxilongwa kungacacanga, isampuli yesicubu, okanye i-biopsy, inokufuneka.

Kukho iindlela ezininzi zokwenza i-biopsy yoqhaqho oluvuthayo, ke ugqirha uya kukucebisa ukuba yeyiphi inkqubo ekulungeleyo.

Ugqirha wakho unokusebenzisa nezinye izixhobo ezahlukeneyo ukufumanisa isifo se-pulmonary fibrosis okanye ukulawula ezinye iimeko. Oku kunokubandakanya:

• ukubetha kwe-oximetry, kuvavanyo olungafunekiyo kumanqanaba eoksijini egazini
• iimvavanyo zegazi ukujonga izifo ezizimele, izifo kunye ne-anemia
• uvavanyo lwegesi yegazi yokuvavanya ukuvavanya ngokuchanekileyo amanqanaba eoksijini egazini lakho
• isampuli yesikhohlela ukujonga iimpawu zosulelo
• Uvavanyo lomsebenzi wepulmonary ukulinganisa amandla emiphunga
• i-echocardiogram okanye uvavanyo loxinzelelo lwentliziyo ukubona ukuba ingxaki yentliziyo ibangela iimpawu zakho

Iphathwa njani i-pulmonary fibrosis?

Ugqirha wakho akakwazi ukuguqula isikhumba semiphunga, kodwa banokukunika unyango ukuze uncede ukuphucula ukuphefumla kwakho kunye nokucothisa ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo.

Unyango olungezantsi yimizekelo yokhetho lwangoku olusetyenziselwa ukulawula i-pulmonary fibrosis:

• ioksijini eyongezelelweyo
• I-prednisone yokucinezela amajoni akho omzimba kunye nokunciphisa ukudumba
• i-azathioprine (Imuran) okanye i-mycophenolate (CellCept) ukucinezela amajoni akho omzimba
• i-pirfenidone (i-Esbriet) okanye i-nintedanib (i-Ofev), iziyobisi ezichasene ne-antibibrotic ezithintela inkqubo yokubola emiphungeni

Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa kwakhona ukulungiswa kwemiphunga. Olu nyango lubandakanya inkqubo yokuzilolonga, imfundo kunye nenkxaso ukukunceda ufunde ukuphefumla ngokulula.

Ugqirha wakho unokukukhuthaza ukuba wenze utshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo. Olu tshintsho lunokubandakanya oku kulandelayo:

• Kuya kufuneka uphephe ukutshaya okutshaya umntu othile kwaye uthathe amanyathelo okuyeka xa utshaya. Oku kunokunceda ukucothisa ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo kunye nokwenza lula ukuphefumla kwakho.
• Yitya ukutya okunezondlo.
• Landela isicwangciso sokuzilolonga esenziwe ngokhokelo lukagqirha wakho.
• Phumla ngokwaneleyo uze uphephe ukuxinezeleka ngokugqithiseleyo.

Ukufakelwa kwemiphunga kunokucetyiswa kwabo bangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-65 nesifo esibi.

Iyintoni imbonakalo yabantu abane-pulmonary fibrosis?

Izinga apho i-pulmonary fibrosis scars imiphunga yabantu iyahluka. Isikrelemnqa asibuyiseki, kodwa ugqirha wakho unokucebisa unyango ukunciphisa izinga apho imeko yakho iqhubeka khona.

Imeko inokubangela iingxaki ezininzi, kubandakanya ukusilela kokuphefumla. Oku kwenzeka xa imiphunga ingasasebenzi kakuhle kwaye ayinakufumana ioksijini eyaneleyo egazini lakho.

I-pulmonary fibrosis iphakamisa umngcipheko womhlaza wemiphunga.

Iingcebiso zokuthintela

Ezinye iimeko ze-pulmonary fibrosis zinokuthinteleka. Amanye amatyala adityaniswa nemeko yomngcipheko wokuziphatha kunye nokuziphatha onokulawulwa. Landela ezi ngcebiso ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokufumana isifo:

• Kuphephe ukutshaya.
• Kuphephe ukutshaya.
• Nxiba imaski yobuso okanye esinye isixhobo sokuphefumla ukuba usebenza kwindawo enekhemikhali eziyingozi.

Ukuba unengxaki yokuphefumla, yenza idinga nogqirha wakho. Ukuxilongwa kwangoko kunye nonyango kunokuphucula umbono wexesha elide kubantu abanezifo ezininzi zemiphunga, kubandakanya ne-pulmonary fibrosis.