Unyango lokuziphatha ngendlela evakalayo

Umxholo

• Ithini imigaqo yeREBT?
• Zeziphi iindlela ezisetyenziswayo kwiREBT?
• Iindlela zokusombulula iingxaki
• Ubuchule bokuhlengahlengisa kwengqondo
• Iindlela zokukopa
• I-REBT ithelekisa njani ne-CBT?
• Isebenza kangakanani iREBT?
• Ndilufumana njani unyango olwenza i-REBT?
• Umgca wezantsi

Yintoni unyango olusengqiqweni?

Unyango lokuziphatha oluvakalayo olunemvakalelo (i-REBT) luhlobo lonyango olwaziswa ngu-Albert Ellis kwiminyaka yee-1950. Yindlela ekunceda ukuba uchonge iinkolelo ezingenangqondo kunye neepateni zokucinga ezingalunganga ezinokukhokelela kwimicimbi yeemvakalelo okanye yokuziphatha.

Nje ukuba uchonge ezi patheni, ugqirha uya kukunceda ukuba uphuhlise iindlela zokutshintsha endaweni yazo ngeendlela zokucinga ezinengqiqo.

I-REBT inokunceda ngakumbi abantu abaphila nemicimbi eyahlukeneyo, kubandakanya:

• ukudakumba
• ixhala
• isimilo sokuziphatha
• ifumanas
• iimvakalelo ezigqithisileyo zomsindo, ityala, okanye ingqumbo
• ukucinga ngaphambi kokuba usebenze
• iindlela zokutya ezingalunganga
• Ubundlongondlongo
• iingxaki zokulala

Funda ukuze ufunde ngakumbi nge-REBT, kubandakanya imigaqo-siseko yayo kunye nokusebenza kwayo.

Ithini imigaqo yeREBT?

I-REBT isekelwe kwingcamango yokuba abantu ngokubanzi bafuna ukwenza kakuhle ebomini. Umzekelo, mhlawumbi ufuna ukufezekisa iinjongo zakho kwaye ufumane ulonwabo. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, iingcinga ezingekho ngqiqweni kunye neemvakalelo zingena endleleni. Ezi nkolelo zinokuba nefuthe kwindlela ozibona ngayo iimeko kunye neziganeko- zihlala zingangcono.

Khawufane ucinge ukuba ubhalele umntu obethandana naye inyanga yonke. Uyabona bawufundile umyalezo, kodwa iiyure ezininzi ziyadlula kungekho mpendulo. Ngosuku olulandelayo, abakaphenduli. Usenokuqalisa ukucinga ukuba abakukhathalelanga kuba bengafuni ukukubona.

Unokuzixelela nokuba wenze into engalunganga xa wagqibela ukuzibona, emva koko unokuzixelela ukuba ubudlelwane abusoze busebenze kwaye uyakuba wedwa ubomi bakho bonke.

Nantsi indlela lo mzekelo ubonisa ngayo imigaqo-siseko engundoqo - ebizwa ngokuba yi-ABCs - ye-REBT:

• A ibhekisa kwi (a)umcimbi okanye imeko ebangela impendulo engalunganga okanye impendulo. Kule mzekelo, i-A kukuswela impendulo.
• B ibhekisa kwi (b)ii-elief okanye iingcinga ezingenangqondo onokuthi ubenazo malunga nomsitho okanye imeko. U-B kumzekelo yinkolelo yokuba abasafuni kuphinda bakubone okanye wenze into engalunganga kwaye uyakuba wedwa ubomi bakho bonke.
• C ibhekisa kwi (c)Kuzo zonke iimeko, zihlala zinexinzelelo, ezibangelwa ziingcinga ezingenangqondo okanye iinkolelo. Kule mzekelo, oko kunokubandakanya iimvakalelo zokuziva ungaxabisekanga okanye ukungoneli ngokwaneleyo.

Kule meko, i-REBT iya kugxila ekuncedeni ukuba uphinde wenze indlela ocinga ngayo malunga nokuba kutheni umntu engaphendulanga. Mhlawumbi bebexakekile okanye belibele nje ukuphendula. Okanye mhlawumbi abanamdla wokuhlangana nawe kwakhona; ukuba kunjalo, oko akuthethi ukuba kukho into engalunganga ngawe okanye ukuba uza kuchitha bonke ubomi bakho wedwa.

Zeziphi iindlela ezisetyenziswayo kwiREBT?

I-REBT isebenzisa iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zobuchule, ezingqinelana nee-ABCs. Umgqirha ngamnye unokusebenzisa indibaniselwano yobuchule eyahlukileyo ngokuxhomekeke kumava abo ekliniki kunye neempawu zakho.

Iindlela zokusombulula iingxaki

Ezi zicwangciso zinokunceda ukujongana nomsitho wokuvula (A).

Bahlala babandakanya ukusebenza ukuphuhlisa:

• izakhono zokusombulula iingxaki
• ukuzithemba
• izakhono zentlalo
• izakhono zokwenza izigqibo
• izakhono zokusombulula ungquzulwano

Ubuchule bokuhlengahlengisa kwengqondo

Ezi zicwangciso zikunceda ukuba utshintshe iinkolelo ezingenangqondo (B).

Banokubandakanya:

• ubuchule bokuqiqa okanye bokulinganisa
• imifanekiso ekhokelwayo kunye nokubonwa
• Ukuhlaziya, okanye ukujonga imicimbi ngendlela eyahlukileyo
• Uburharha kunye nesigqebelo
• ukuvezwa kwimeko eyoyikwayo
• ukuphikisana neengcinga ezingenangqondo

Iindlela zokukopa

Iindlela zokukopa zinokukunceda ulawule ngcono iziphumo zovakalelo (C) zeengcinga ezingenangqondo.

Ezi ndlela zokuphatha zinokubandakanya:

• ukuphumla
• ngomlingo
• ukucamngca

Nokuba ziphi na iindlela abazisebenzisayo, ugqirha wakho uya kukunika umsebenzi oza kuwenza ngokwakho phakathi kweeseshoni. Oku kukunika ithuba lokusebenzisa izakhono ozifundayo kwiseshoni kubuxoki bakho bemihla ngemihla. Umzekelo, banokubhala phantsi indlela oziva ngayo emva kokufumana into edla ngokwenza ukuba uzive uxhalabile kwaye ucinge ngendlela oziva ngayo ngempendulo yakho.

I-REBT ithelekisa njani ne-CBT?

Kukho impikiswano phakathi kweengcali malunga nobudlelwane phakathi kwe-REBT kunye nonyango lokuziphatha ngokuziphatha (CBT). Abanye babona i-REBT njengoluhlobo lwe-REBT, ngelixa abanye bephikisa ukuba ziindlela ezimbini ezahlukileyo.

Ngelixa i-CBT kunye ne-REBT isekwe kwimigaqo efanayo, banomahluko ophambili. Zombini ezi ndlela zisebenza ukukunceda wamkele kwaye utshintshe iingcinga ezingenangqondo ezibangela uxinzelelo. Kodwa i-REBT ibeka ugxininiso kancinci kwinxalenye yokwamkelwa.

Umyili we-REBT ubhekisa kule nto yonyango njengokwamkelwa ngaphandle kwemeko ethile. Oku kubandakanya ukuzama ukunqanda ukuzigweba kunye nokuqonda ukuba abantu, kubandakanya nawe, banako kwaye baya kuzenza iimpazamo.

I-REBT ikwahlukile kuba ngamanye amaxesha isebenzisa uburharha njengesixhobo sonyango ukukunceda uthathe izinto kancinci okanye ujonge izinto ngokwahlukileyo. Oku kunokubandakanya iikhathuni, iingoma ezihlekisayo, okanye isigqebelo.

I-REBT ikwenza inqaku lokujongana neempawu zesekondari, ezinje ngokuba nexhala malunga noxinzelelo okanye uziva uxinezelekile malunga nokudakumba.

Isebenza kangakanani iREBT?

I-REBT yamkelwe ngokubanzi njengohlobo olusebenzayo lonyango. Inqaku lama-84 elipapashiweyo kwi-REBT iqukumbele lunyango olusemthethweni olunokukunceda ekuphazamiseni okunyanzelekileyo, uxinzelelo lwentlalo, uxinzelelo kunye nokuziphatha okuphazamisayo. Kodwa uphononongo lubonisa isidingo sezilingo ezingaphezulu kokuqonda ukuba i-REBT inokunceda njani ukunyanga iimeko ezahlukeneyo.

Isifundo esincinci se-2016 sijonge izibonelelo zeeseshoni ze-REBT rhoqo nonontlalontle woxinzelelo lwexesha elide. Emva konyaka, abathathi-nxaxheba bathathe uhambo olumbalwa ukuya kugqirha wabo wokuqala. Ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza kagqirha nawo kwehlile. Uphononongo luka-2014 ngokufanayo lufumene ukuba i-REBT inokuba lunyango olusebenzayo lokudakumba kumantombazana amancinci.

Gcina ukhumbula ukuba abantu baphendula ngokwahlukileyo kuzo zonke iintlobo zonyango. Into esebenzela umntu omnye inokungasebenzi kuwe.

Ndilufumana njani unyango olwenza i-REBT?

Ukufumana i-Therapist kunokuba ngumsebenzi onzima. Ukukunceda ukulungelelanisa inkqubo, qala ngokuthatha ingqalelo yezinto ezithile ongathanda ukuzilungisa kunyango. Ngaba zikhona iimpawu ezithile ozifunayo kunyangi? Ngaba ukhetha indoda okanye umfazi?

Inokukunceda ukumisela ukuba ungachitha malini ngokufanelekileyo kwiseshoni nganye. Abanye abanyangi abanokuthatha i-inshurensi, kodwa uninzi lubonelela ngemirhumo yesilayidi okanye ukhetho lweendleko eziphantsi. Le yingxoxo eqhelekileyo yokuba ugqirha onokuba kunye nomthengi onokubakho, ukuze ungaziva ungonwabanga ukubuza malunga neendleko. Funda ngakumbi malunga nokufumana unyango olufikelelekayo.

Ukuba uhlala eUnited States, unokufumana iingcali zengqondo kwindawo yakho apha. Xa ubiza abanokuba ngabanyangi, banike umbono omfutshane wento ujonge ukuphuma kunyango kwaye ubuze ukuba banamava na nge-REBT. Ukuba zivakala zithembisa, yenza idinga.

Musa ukudimazeka xa ufumanisa ukuba abalungelanga ngexesha leseshoni yakho yokuqala. Abanye abantu kufuneka babone abanyangi ngaphambi kokuba bafumane oluchanekileyo.

Nayi eminye imibuzo emithandathu onokuzibuza yona emva kolo nyulo lokuqala.

Umgca wezantsi

I-REBT luhlobo lonyango olunokunceda kuluhlu lweemeko zempilo yengqondo. Kuyafana ne-CBT, kodwa kukho umahluko ophambili phakathi kwezi zimbini. Ukuba ujonge ukwenza ezinye zeendlela zakho zokucinga, i-REBT inokuba yindlela elungileyo yokuzama.