Yonke into kufuneka uyazi malunga nokuRefeeding Syndrome

Umxholo

• Yintoni i-Refeeding syndrome?
• Kutheni le nto isenzeka?
• Iimpawu
• Imiba yomngcipheko
• Unyango
• Ukuchacha
• Uthintelo
• Imbonakalo

Yintoni i-Refeeding syndrome?

Ukuphinda kuncedwe yinkqubo yokuphinda ukwenze ukutya emva kokungondleki okanye yindlala. Ukufumana isifo kwakhona yimeko enzulu kwaye enokubulala enokuthi yenzeke ngexesha lokuhlaziya. Kubangelwa kukutshintsha ngesiquphe kwii-electrolyte ezinceda umzimba wakho ukwetyise ukutya.

Iziganeko zesifo esihlaziya kwakhona kunzima ukuzichaza, njengoko kungekho nkcazo isemgangathweni. Ukunyanga isifo kunokuchaphazela nabani na. Nangona kunjalo, ihlala ilandela ixesha:

• ukungondleki
• ukuzila ukutya
• Ukutya kakhulu
• indlala
• indlala

Iimeko ezithile zinokunyusa umngcipheko wale meko, kubandakanya:

• ianorexia
• ingxaki yokusebenzisa utywala
• umhlaza
• ubunzima bokugwinya (dysphagia)

Olunye utyando lunokunyusa umngcipheko.

Kutheni le nto isenzeka?

Ukunqongophala kokutya kutshintsha indlela umzimba wakho odibanisa ngayo izakhamzimba. Umzekelo, i-insulin yincindi yedlala ephula iswekile (iswekile) kwii-carbohydrate. Xa ukusetyenziswa kwe-carbohydrate kuncitshisiwe, ukukhutshwa kwe-insulin kunciphisa.

Kwimeko yokungabikho kwee-carbohydrate, umzimba ujikela kumafutha agciniweyo kunye neeproteni njengemithombo yamandla. Ixesha elingaphezulu, olu tshintsho lunokuphelisa iivenkile ze-electrolyte. I-Phosphate, i-electrolyte enceda iiseli zakho ziguqule i-glucose ibe ngamandla, ihlala ichaphazeleka.

Xa ukutya kubuyiswa kwakhona, kukho utshintsho olukhawulezileyo olusuka kwi-fat metabolism lubuyele kwi-carbohydrate metabolism. Oku kubangela ukuba ukwanda kwe-insulin kwanda.

Iiseli zifuna i-electrolyte efana ne-phosphate ukuguqula i-glucose ibe ngamandla, kodwa i-phosphate ayifumaneki. Oku kukhokelela kwenye imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-hypophosphatemia (low phosphate).

I-Hypophosphatemia yinto eqhelekileyo yokuhlaziya isifo. Olunye utshintsho kwimetabolism lunokwenzeka. Oku kubandakanya:

• amanqanaba esodium aqhelekileyo kunye nolwelo
• utshintsho kumanqatha, kwiswekile, okanye kwiprotein metabolism
• Ukusilela kwe-thiamine
• hypomagnesemia (iphantsi kwemagniziyam)
• hypokalemia (potassium esezantsi)

Iimpawu

Ukufumana isifo kunokubangela iingxaki ngesiquphe kunye nokubulala. Iimpawu zesifo sokuhlaziya sinokubandakanya:

• ukudinwa
• ubuthathaka
• ukudideka
• ukungakwazi ukuphefumla
• igazi elonyukayo
• ukuxhuzula
• Iimpawu zentliziyo
• ukumelwa yintliziyo
• ikhoma
• ukufa

Ezi mpawu zihlala zivela kwiintsuku ezi-4 zokuqala kwenkqubo yokuhlaziya. Nangona abanye abantu abasemngciphekweni bengazivelisi iimpawu, akukho ndlela yokwazi ukuba ngubani oza kuphuhlisa iimpawu ngaphambi kokuqala unyango. Ngenxa yoko, ukuthintela kubalulekile.

Imiba yomngcipheko

Kukho izinto ezinobungozi ezicacileyo zokuhlaziya isifo. Unokuba semngciphekweni ukuba enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi ngxelo zilandelayo ziyasebenza nakuwe:

• Unesalathiso sobunzima bomzimba (BMI) phantsi kwe-16.
• Ulahlekelwe ngaphezu kwepesenti ezili-15 zomzimba wakho kwiinyanga ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-6 ezidlulileyo.
• Utyile ukutya okuncinci, okanye ungaphantsi kweekhalori ezifunekayo ukugcina iinkqubo eziqhelekileyo emzimbeni, kwi-10 edlulileyo okanye kwiintsuku ezilandelelanayo.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi lubonakalise i-serum phosphate, potassium, okanye amanqanaba e-magnesium asezantsi.

Unokuba semngciphekweni ukuba ezimbini okanye nangaphezulu kwezi ngxelo zilandelayo ziyasebenza nakuwe:

• Unayo i-BMI phantsi kwe-18.5.
• Ulahlekelwe ngaphezulu kwepesenti ye-10 yesisindo somzimba wakho kwiinyanga ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-6 ezidlulileyo.
• Uthathe kancinci ungafumani kutya kwiintsuku ezi-5 ezidlulileyo okanye ngaphezulu ngokulandelelana.
• Unembali yokusebenzisa ingxaki yotywala okanye ukusebenzisa amayeza athile, afana ne-insulin, amayeza e-chemotherapy, i-diuretics, okanye ii-antacids.

Ukuba uyafaneleka kwezi ndlela, kuya kufuneka ufune unyango olukhawulezileyo kwangoko.

Ezinye izinto zinokukubeka emngciphekweni owandayo wokuba nesifo esihlaziyayo. Unokuba semngciphekweni ukuba:

• uneanorexia amanosa
• unesifo sokusetyenziswa gwenxa kotywala
• unomhlaza
• unesifo seswekile esingalawulekiyo
• abangondlekanga
• kutshanje uye wahlinzwa
• Unembali yokusebenzisa ii-antacids okanye i-diuretics

Unyango

Ukunyanga isifo kukungalunganga. Iingxaki ezifuna ukungenelela kwangoko zinokuvela ngequbuliso. Ngenxa yoko, abantu abasemngciphekweni bafuna ukubekwa esweni esibhedlele okanye kwiziko elikhethekileyo. Iqela elinamava kwi-gastroenterology kunye ne-dietetics kufuneka lijonge unyango.

Uphando lusafuneka ukumisela eyona ndlela yokunyanga isifo esiqinisekileyo. Unyango kuhlala kubandakanya ukubuyisela ii-electrolyte ezifanelekileyo kunye nokucothisa inkqubo yokuhlaziya.

Ukugqitywa kweekhalori kufuneka kucothe kwaye kufunyenwe malunga neekhalori ezingama-20 ngekhilogram yesisindo somzimba ngokomndilili, okanye malunga neekalori ezili-1 000 ngosuku ekuqaleni.

Amanqanaba e-Electrolyte abekwe esweni kuvavanyo lwegazi rhoqo. I-infravenous (IV) infusions esekwe kubunzima bomzimba zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukubuyisela i-electrolyte. Kodwa olu nyango alunakulunga kubantu abane:

• ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso
• hypocalcemia (ikhalsiyam esezantsi)
• hypercalcemia (calcium ephezulu)

Ukongeza, ulwelo lubuyiswa kwakhona ngesantya esincinci. Ukufakwa endaweni kwesodium (ityuwa) nako kunokujongwa ngononophelo. Abantu abasemngciphekweni weengxaki ezinxulumene nentliziyo banokufuna ukubekwa esweni kwentliziyo.

Ukuchacha

Ukuchacha kwakhona kwi-Refeeding syndrome kuxhomekeke kubunzima bokungondleki ngaphambi kokuba kuphinde kuveliswe ukutya. Ukuphinda kunikezelwe kwakhona kungathabatha ukuya kwiintsuku ezili-10, kunye nokubeka esweni emva koko.

Ukongeza, ukuphinda uhlaziye kwenzeka rhoqo kunye nezinye iimeko ezinzulu ezifuna unyango ngaxeshanye.

Uthintelo

Uthintelo lubaluleke kakhulu ekuthinteleni iingxaki ezisongela ubomi zesifo esiqinisekileyo.

Iimeko ezisisiseko sempilo ezonyusa umngcipheko wokuphinda usebenze kwakhona akusoloko kuthintelwa. Iingcali zokhathalelo lwempilo zinokuthintela ukubakho kwe-refeeding syndrome ngo:

• Ukuchonga abantu abasemngciphekweni
• ukulungelelanisa iinkqubo zokuhlaziya ngokufanelekileyo
• ukubeka iliso kunyango

Imbonakalo

Ukunyanga isifo kuvela xa ukutya kungeniswa ngokukhawuleza kakhulu emva kwexesha lokungondleki. Utshintsho kumanqanaba e-electrolyte kunokubangela iingxaki ezinzulu, kubandakanya ukuxhuzula, ukusilela kwentliziyo, kunye neekoma. Kwezinye iimeko, i-refeeding syndrome inokubulala.

Abantu abangondlekanga basemngciphekweni. Iimeko ezithile, ezinje ngeanorexia amanosa okanye ukungasetyenziswa gwenxa kotywala, kunokunyusa umngcipheko.

Iingxaki ze-refeeding syndrome zinokuthintelwa nge-infusions ye-electrolyte kunye nerejimeni ehlaziya kancinci. Xa abantu abasemngciphekweni bachongwa kwangethuba, unyango lunokuphumelela.

Ukonyusa ulwazi kunye nokusebenzisa iinkqubo zovavanyo zokuchonga abo basemngciphekweni wokufumana isifo se-Refeeding ngamanyathelo alandelayo ekuphuculeni imbonakalo.