Ityhefu yefriji

Umxholo

• Ziintoni Iimpawu Zetyhefu Yesiqandisi?
• Iphathwa njani iTyhefu yesiFriji?
• Ukuzonwabisa Sebenzisa: Ukuphakama kwiFriji
• Ziintoni Iimpawu Zokuphathwa gadalala?
• Ziziphi iingxaki zempilo yoPhatho gadalala?
• Ukufumana Uncedo
• Ithini imbonakalo yetyhefu yesiqandisi?
• Ukuthintela ukutyhefa ngengozi kwesiqandisi
• Ukuthintela ukuxhatshazwa
• Ukhuseleko eMsebenzini

Yintoni iTyhefu yesiFriji?

Ityhefu yesiqandisi iyenzeka xa umntu evezwa ziikhemikhali ezisetyenziselwa ukupholisa izixhobo zombane. Isikhenkcisi sineekhemikhali ezibizwa ngokuba ziihydrocarbon hydrocarbon (zihlala zibizwa ngegama lophawu, "Freon"). IFreon ayinancasa, ingakumbi irhasi ayinavumba. Xa iphefumlelwe ngokunzulu, inokuyinqumla ioksijini ebalulekileyo kwiiseli kunye nemiphunga.

Ukuvezwa komda-umzekelo, ukuchitheka kwesikhumba sakho okanye ukuphefumla kufutshane nesikhongozeli esivulekileyo-kuyingozi nje kancinci. Nangona kunjalo, kuya kufuneka uzame ukunqanda lonke unxibelelwano kwezi ntlobo zeekhemikhali. Nokuba isixa esincinci sinokubangela iimpawu.

Ukusezela lomsi ngenjongo “yokuphakama” kunokuba yingozi kakhulu. Inokubulala kwanasekuqaleni xa uyenza. Ukurhoxa rhoqo koxinzelelo oluphezulu lweFreon kunokubangela imiba enje:

• iingxaki zokuphefumla
• ulwelo olwakha ulusu emiphungeni
• ukonakala komzimba
• ukufa ngesiquphe

Ukuba ukrokrela ityhefu, tsalela umnxeba ku-911 okanye kwiNombolo yoLawulo lweTyhefu kuZwelonke ngo-1-800-222-1222.

Ziintoni Iimpawu Zetyhefu Yesiqandisi?

Ukuvezwa kancinci kwiifriji ngokubanzi akunabungozi. Ityhefu inqabile ngaphandle kweemeko zokuphathwa gadalala okanye ukuvezwa kwisithuba esivaliweyo. Iimpawu zetyhefu emnene ukuya kumodareyitha zibandakanya:

• Ukucaphuka kwamehlo, iindlebe kunye nomqala
• intloko ebuhlungu
• isicaphucaphu
• ukugabha
• iqabaka (ulwelo lweFreon)
• ukukhohlela
• ukutshiswa kweekhemikhali kulusu
• isiyezi

Iimpawu zetyhefu eqatha zibandakanya:

• ulwelo olwakhiweyo okanye ukopha emiphungeni
• Ukutshisa imvakalelo kwi-esophagus
• egabha igazi
• ukunciphisa imeko yengqondo
• ukuphefumla nzima, nokusebenza nzima
• ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokungaqhelekanga
• ukulahleka kwengqondo
• ukuxhuzula

Iphathwa njani iTyhefu yesiFriji?

Ukuba ukunye nomntu ocinga ukuba unetyhefu, khawuleza ususe ixhoba emoyeni omtsha ukunqanda ezinye iingxaki ekuvezeni ixesha elide. Nje ukuba umntu afuduswe, tsalela umnxeba ku-911 okanye kwiNombolo yoLawulo lweTyhefu kuZwelonke ku-1-800-222-1222.

Ityhefu inyangwa kwigumbi likaxakeka esibhedlele. Oogqirha baya kujonga ukuphefumla komntu ochaphazelekayo, ukubetha kwentliziyo, uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nokubetha. Ugqirha unokusebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokunyanga ukonzakala ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Oku kubandakanya:

• ukunika ioksijini ngombhobho wokuphefumla
• iziyobisi kunye namayeza ukunyanga iimpawu
• ukuhlamba esiswini-ukufaka ityhubhu esiswini ukuyicoca kwaye ukhuphe konke okukuyo
• ukususwa ngotyando kwesikhumba esitshisiweyo okanye esonakeleyo

Akukho luvavanyo lonyango lukhona ukufumanisa ukubonakaliswa kweFreon. Akukho ziyobisi zivunyiweyo zeU.S.Ukutya kunye noLawulo lweziyobisi ukunyanga ityhefu. Kwimeko yokuxhatshazwa okungafunekiyo, ungadinga ukuba ulaliswe esibhedlele kwiziko lonyango lweziyobisi.

Ukuzonwabisa Sebenzisa: Ukuphakama kwiFriji

Ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kwesiqandisi kuqhele ukubizwa ngokuba yi "huffing". Iikhemikhali zihlala ziphefumla ngesixhobo, isikhongozeli, i-rag, okanye ingxowa enentamo ebanjwe ivalwe ngokuqinileyo. Iimveliso azibizi mali, kulula ukuzifumana, kwaye kulula ukuzifihla.

Iikhemikhali zivelisa imvakalelo eyonwabisayo ngokudakumba inkqubo ye-nervous system. Ngokutsho kweNational Institute on Drug Abuse, iyafana nemvakalelo ebangelwe kukusela utywala okanye ukuthatha amayeza okuthomalalisa, kunye nentloko elula kunye nemibono. Ukuphakama kuhlala kuphela imizuzu embalwa, ke abantu abasebenzisa ezi zinto zifunxayo bahlala befaka inhality ephindaphindiweyo ukwenza ukuba iimvakalelo zihlale ixesha elide.

Ziintoni Iimpawu Zokuphathwa gadalala?

Abahlukumezi abangapheliyo be-inhalants banokubakho rash kancinci empumlweni nasemlonyeni. Ezinye iimpawu zibandakanya:

• Amehlo amanzi
• intetho engacacanga
• ukubonakala kotywala
• ukonwaba
• ukunciphisa umzimba ngesiquphe
• ivumba lemichiza kwimpahla okanye emphefumlweni
• penda amabala kwimpahla, ebusweni, okanye ezandleni
• ukunqongophala kolungelelwaniso
• iinkonkxa zokutshiza ezingenanto okanye amadlavu afakwe kwiikhemikhali

Ziziphi iingxaki zempilo yoPhatho gadalala?

Ngokudibanisa "nokuphakama" okukhawulezayo, kunye nemvakalelo yovuyo, imichiza efumaneka kwezi ntlobo zezinto zokungenisa umoya ivelisa iziphumo ezibi ezininzi emzimbeni. Oku kunokubandakanya:

• intloko elula
• nemibono
• ukukhohlisa
• ukuphazamiseka
• isicaphucaphu nokugabha
• ukungakhathali
• ubuthathaka bemisipha
• Iingcinga zokudakumba
• ukulahleka kwemvakalelo
• ukungabikho zingqondweni

Nabasebenzisi bexesha lokuqala banokufumana iziphumo ezibi. Imeko eyaziwa ngokuba "kukufa ngequbuliso" inokwenzeka kubantu abasempilweni okokuqala ngqa baphefumla ifriji. Iikhemikhali ezigxininiswe kakhulu zinokukhokelela kwizingqisho zentliziyo ezingaqhelekanga nezikhawulezayo. Oku kunokukhokelela kukusilela kwentliziyo ngaphakathi kwemizuzu. Ukufa kusenokwenzeka ngenxa yokuphefumla, ukufuthaniseka, ukuxhuzula, okanye ukukrwitshwa. Unokufumana ingozi ebulalayo xa uqhuba unxilile.

Ezinye zeekhemikhali ezifumaneka kwizifunxi ziyancamathela emzimbeni ixesha elide. Zincamathela ngokulula kwiimolekyuli ezinamanqatha kwaye zingagcinwa kwizicwili ezinamanqatha. Ukuqokelelwa yityhefu kungonakalisa amalungu abalulekileyo, kubandakanya isibindi kunye nengqondo. Isakhi sinokudala ukuxhomekeka emzimbeni (likhoboka). Ukuxhatshazwa rhoqo okanye ixesha elide kunokubangela:

• ukuhla ukusinda
• ukuphelelwa ngamandla okanye ukulungelelaniswa
• ukucaphuka
• ukudakumba
• ngengqondo
• ngokukhawuleza, ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga
• umonakalo wemiphunga
• umonakalo wemithambo-luvo
• ukulimala kwengqondo
• ukufa

Ukufumana Uncedo

Ukusetyenziswa kwe-inhalant phakathi kolutsha kuye kwancipha ngokuzinzileyo kule minyaka ingamashumi amabini idlulileyo. IZiko leSizwe lokuSetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi lifumanise ukuba malunga neepesenti ezi-5 zabantwana bebanga lesibhozo baxela ukusebenzisa iizifunxi-mzimba ngo-2014. Eli nani lehle lisuka kwipesenti ezisi-8 ngo-2009, kwaye phantse ibe li-13 leepesenti ngo-1995 xa ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kwemiphefumlo kwaba kwincopho yayo.

Tsalela umnxeba indawo yokufumana unyango kweziyobisi kwiZiko leLizwe lokuSetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi kwi-1-800-662-UNCEDO ukuba ufuna ulwazi okanye ingcebiso malunga nonyango, okanye ukuba ulikhoboka kwaye ufuna ukuyeka ngoku. Ungandwendwela no www.findtreatment.samhsa.gov.

Unyango lweziyobisi luyafumaneka kuwe okanye kwisalamane sakho. Abasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo bezonyango kwiziko lokunyanga ngaphakathi abagulayo banokukunceda ngesiyobisi. Banokujongana nayo nayiphi na imiba engunobangela wokukhotyokiswa butywala.

Ithini imbonakalo yetyhefu yesiqandisi?

Ukubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo kuxhomekeke ekubeni ufumana uncedo olukhawulezayo lwezonyango njani. Ukuthomalalisa iikhemikhali ezinesikhenkcisi kunokubangela umonakalo omkhulu kwingqondo nakwimiphunga. Iziphumo ziyahluka ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye. Lo monakalo awunakuguqulwa nasemva kokuba umntu eyekile ukusebenzisa iziyobisi.

Ukufa ngesiquphe kunokwenzeka ngokuxhatshazwa kwefriji, kwangexesha lokuqala.

Ukuthintela ukutyhefa ngengozi kwesiqandisi

Ukungenisa imichiza yokufumana phezulu kuqhelekile e-United States kuba ezo khemikhali zisemthethweni kwaye kulula ukuzifumana. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-inhalant phakathi kolutsha kuye kwancipha kule minyaka idlulileyo. Nangona kunjalo, phantse i-40,000 yabakwishumi elivisayo basebenzisa i-inhalants ngalo naluphi na usuku, ngokwe ngxelo ka-2014.

Ukuthintela ukuxhatshazwa

Ukunceda ukuthintela ukuphathwa gadalala, thintela ukufikelela kwezi khemikhali ngokugcina izikhongozeli zingafikeleli ebantwaneni kwaye uqhoboshele isitshixo kwizixhobo ezizisebenzisayo. Kukwabaluleke kakhulu ukufundisa ulutsha, abazali, ootitshala, oogqirha, kunye nabanye ababoneleli ngeenkonzo malunga neengozi kunye nemingcipheko yezempilo yokusetyenziswa kwe-inhalant. Iinkqubo zemfundo ezikolweni nasekuhlaleni zibonise ukunciphisa okukhulu ukuxhatshazwa.

Nxibelelana nabantwana bakho malunga nemingcipheko yokusebenzisa iziyobisi notywala. Inokukunceda ukuba ube nomgaqo "ovulekileyo" kwezi ngxoxo. Sukwenza ngathi ubungozi abukho okanye ucinge ukuba umntwana wakho ngekhe enze iziyobisi. Qiniseka ukuba uyiphinda into yokuba ukuxhoma kungakhokelela ekufeni okokuqala xa kusenziwa.

Ukhuseleko eMsebenzini

Kuya kufuneka uqiniseke ukuba uyayiqonda kwaye uyigcina yonke inkqubo yokhuselo ukuba usebenza neziqandisi okanye ezinye iintlobo zezixhobo zokupholisa. Zimasa lonke uqeqesho kwaye unxibe iimpahla zokuzikhusela okanye imaski, ukuba kukho imfuneko, ukunciphisa unxibelelwano neekhemikhali.