Iingozi eziphambili zoVavanyo loBuchule

Umxholo

• Umngcipheko ophambili
• 1. Ukugula okungafunekiyo
• 2. Iziphumo eziyityhefu zeziyobisi
• 3. Ukusebenza kwenkqubo yemithambo-luvo
• Imizekelo yovavanyo ngokuchaseneyo

Umahluko wokwahlula iimviwo, okwabizwa ngokuba luvavanyo olwahlukileyo, ziimviwo zokucinga ezenziwe ngokusetyenziswa kwezinto ezinceda ekufumaneni inkcazo engcono yemifanekiso equlunqiweyo, eqhuba uvavanyo lukagqirha.

Ezi zinto zibizwa ngokuba "yimithombo yeendaba eyahlukileyo", njengoko bekwazi ukufunxa imitha ye-ionizing kuvavanyo kunye nokuvelisa imifanekiso echaziweyo kwiscreen sesixhobo. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokungafani, kunye nokuqanjwa kweekhemikhali ezahlukeneyo, ezinje nge-barium sulfate, iodine umahluko okanye i-gadolinium, umzekelo, ezikhethwe ngokokuvavanywa okuza kwenziwa, okunokwenziwa ngomlomo, ngokufakwa ngaphakathi okanye ngenaliti kwisisu esifunwayo .

Ngaphandle kwezibonelelo zayo, ukusetyenziswa kokungafaniyo kwiimviwo kunemingcipheko, ikakhulu ebangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinje ngokuguliswa, ukuhla koxinzelelo lwegazi okanye ukunxila kwezintso nentliziyo, umzekelo, ngenxa yesi sizathu, kufuneka zisetyenziswe kuphela kwiimeko ezithile , kunye nesalathiso esaneleyo sonyango.

Umngcipheko ophambili

Nangona iimvavanyo ezichaseneyo zihlala zikhuselekile, kwaye oogqirha banakho ukuvavanya ukuba ngubani omele kwaye angayenzi, kunokwenzeka ukuba ezi mvavanyo zinokubangela umngcipheko empilweni. Ezinye zezona ziphumo ziphambili zibandakanya:

1. Ukugula okungafunekiyo

Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-anaphylaxis, le mpendulo ibonakaliswa kukuvela kwemingci, ukudumba kolusu, ukwehla koxinzelelo, ukubetha kwentliziyo okukhawulezayo, i-bronchospasm kunye ne-glottis edema. Ukuphendula ngokuthe ngqo ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kokuchasana kufuneka kunyangwe ngokukhawuleza ngugqirha esibhedlele, njengoko ibonisa umngcipheko omkhulu kwimpilo yomntu ochaphazelekayo.

Enye indlela yokuzama ukunqanda olu hlobo lokuphendula kukubuza ukuba ngaba umntu unalo naluphi na uhlobo lokungabikho komzimba, kwaye kuqhelekile koogqirha ukubonisa ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ezichasayo ngaphambi kovavanyo oluthile olunomngcipheko omkhulu, njenge-antihistamines okanye i-corticosteroids .

2. Iziphumo eziyityhefu zeziyobisi

Umahluko unokuba nefuthe elinetyhefu emzimbeni, kwaye ezinye zeempendulo zibandakanya iziphumo ngokuthe ngqo kwigazi, njengokuhla koxinzelelo okanye ukudumba kwesiza sesicelo. Ukongeza, into inokubangela iziphumo ezinobungozi ngqo kumalungu athile, anokuthi:

• Ulusu: iintlungu kwindawo yesicelo, ubomvu, ukudumba okanye ukubumba;
• Isisu kunye namathumbu: isicaphucaphu, ukugabha okanye urhudo;
• Izintso: ukunciphisa ukubunjwa komchamo okanye ukungaphumeleli kwezintso;
• Ingqondo: intloko, isiyezi, ukudideka kwengqondo okanye ukuxhuzula;
• Amaphaphu: ukuphefumla kancinci, i-bronchospasm okanye ukubangela ukuhlaselwa sisifuba;
• Intliziyoukwanda koxinzelelo lwegazi, arrhythmias, ukubanjwa kwentliziyo.

Ngokubanzi, ezi ziphumo zinxulumene nedosi okanye uxinzelelo lwendlela esetyenzisiweyo eyahlukileyo, kwaye zinokwahluka ngokwesantya sokumiliselwa kunye nendlela yokusetyenziswa kwento leyo, nokuba ngumlomo okanye yimithambo, umzekelo.

3. Ukusebenza kwenkqubo yemithambo-luvo

Kwaziwa njengempendulo ye-vasomotor okanye iinqanawa zangasese, azibangelwa ngokuthe ngqo ngumahluko osetyenzisiweyo kwaye unobangela wawo awaziwa, uhlala unxulunyaniswa noxinzelelo okanye iintlungu ngexesha lolawulo, ezibangela inkuthazo ethile kwinkqubo yovalo kunye nemithambo yegazi.

Ezi mpendulo zibandakanya ukwehla koxinzelelo lwegazi, ukunciphisa ukubetha kwentliziyo, ukuphelelwa ngamandla, ukudideka kwengqondo, ukubola okanye ukubila okubandayo, umzekelo.

Imizekelo yovavanyo ngokuchaseneyo

Ezinye zeemvavanyo eziphambili ezisetyenziswe ngokuchaseneyo zezi:

• Itomography ebhaliweyo: ihlala isenziwa ngokuchaseneyo ne-iodine, esetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukufumanisa izilonda kumalungu omzimba, anjengengqondo, imiphunga, isibindi, inyongo, ipancreas, amathambo okanye udonga lwesisu, umzekelo, ubukhulu becala amathumba, usulelo okanye utshintsho kwimithambo yegazi. Fumana iinkcukacha ezithe kratya malunga nokuba yenziwa njani kwaye yeyiphi ikhompyuter ye-tomography yayo;
• Ukucatshulwa kwemifanekiso ngemagneti: I-Gadolinium idla ngokusetyenziswa njengomahluko, kuba luvavanyo olusetyenziselwa ukufumanisa ubuchopho okanye ukulimala komqolo, kunye nakwindawo ezithambileyo zomzimba ezinjengeemisipha, amalunga kunye nemithambo yegazi;
• I-AngiographyUmahluko we-iodine yeyona nto isetyenzisiweyo kolu vavanyo, evumela umbono ongcono ngaphakathi wemithambo yegazi kunye nokujonga izifo ezinje nge-aneurysms okanye i-arteriosclerosis, umzekelo. Qonda ukuba yenziwa njani kwaye yeyiphi i-angiography;
• Ubugcisa: lolunye lweemviwo ezikuvumela ukuba ubenombono womzimba womchamo kunye nokuvavanya ukusebenza kwezintso;
• Iscrafigraphy: Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ze-scintigraphy, zamalungu ohlukeneyo omzimba, kwaye kwenziwa uvavanyo ukuze kugcinwe utshintsho olusebenzayo kumalungu anjengentliziyo, amathambo, imiphunga, idlala lengqula okanye ingqondo, umzekelo. Ngokwahlukileyo, izinto ezahlukeneyo zisetyenziswa, ezinye zazo ziphambili ziyi-technetium kunye ne-gallium;
• Ufundisiso lwe-Radiological lwe-gastro-intestinal tract: kukho iimvavanyo ezininzi ezisetyenziselwa ukuvavanya ukutya, okuhlala kusetyenziswa i-barium sulfate njengokwahlukileyo, phakathi kwabo i-opaque enema, i-seriografi okanye i-radiografi eyahlukileyo, umzekelo;
• Cholangiography: luhlobo lwe-tomography olwenziwe ukuvavanya iphecana le-biliary, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwe-iodinated umahluko kuqhelekile.

Ukongeza koku, kukho ezinye iimvavanyo ezininzi ezinokuthi zenziwe ngoncedo lokwahluka, ezinje nge-mammography ukuvavanya utshintsho ekusasazeni esifubeni okanye kwi-hysterosalpingography ukuvavanya inkqubo yokuzala yabasetyhini, umzekelo, ekufuneka iboniswe ngugqirha ngokweemfuno zomntu ngamnye.