Ukwahlukana noxinzelelo lwexhala

Umxholo

• Iimpawu zokwahlula uxinzelelo koxinzelelo
• Imiba yomngcipheko wokwahlukana koxinzelelo
• Sichongwa njani isifo soxinzelelo?
• Sinyangwa njani isifo soxinzelelo?
• Unyango
• Amayeza
• Iziphumo zokwahlukana koxinzelelo kubomi bosapho

Yintoni ukwahlula uxinzelelo?

Ukwahlukana koxinzelelo yinto eqhelekileyo ekukhuleni komntwana. Ixhaphake kakhulu kwiintsana eziphakathi kweenyanga ezisi-8 ne-12 ubudala, kwaye ihlala inyamalala xa ineminyaka eyi-2. Nangona kunjalo, inokwenzeka nakwabantu abadala.

Abanye abantwana baneempawu zokwahlukana koxinzelelo ngexesha lokufunda kwabo kunye neminyaka yeshumi elivisayo. Le meko ibizwa ngokuba yintlungu yokuzahlula okanye i-SAD. yabantwana bane-SAD.

I-SAD ithambekele ekuboniseni imeko ngokubanzi kunye nemicimbi yezempilo yengqondo. Phantse isinye kwisithathu sabantwana abane-SAD baya kufunyaniswa benesifo sengqondo njengomntu omdala.

Iimpawu zokwahlula uxinzelelo koxinzelelo

Iimpawu ze-SAD zenzeka xa umntwana ehlukaniswe nabazali okanye abanonopheli. Ukoyika ukwahlukana kunokubangela indlela yokuziphatha enxulumene noxinzelelo. Ezinye zeendlela zokuziphatha eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya:

• ukunamathela kubazali
• ukukhala kakhulu
• ukwala ukwenza izinto ezifuna ukwahlukana
• ukugula emzimbeni, njengokuqaqanjelwa yintloko okanye ukugabha
• Ubundlobongela, ubushushu bomsindo
• ukwala ukuya esikolweni
• ukuqhuba kakubi esikolweni
• ukusilela ukunxibelelana ngendlela esempilweni nabanye abantwana
• ukwala ukulala yedwa
• amaphupha amabi

Imiba yomngcipheko wokwahlukana koxinzelelo

I-SAD inokwenzeka ukuba yenzeke kubantwana abane:

• Imbali yosapho yoxinzelelo okanye yoxinzelelo
• baneentloni, abantu abaneentloni
• imeko yezoqoqosho ephantsi
• abazali abazikhuselayo
• ukunqongophala konxibelelwano olufanelekileyo lwabazali
• iingxaki zokujongana nabantwana abakwiminyaka yabo

I-SAD inokwenzeka kwakhona emva komsitho wobomi oxinzelelo onje:

• ukufudukela kwikhaya elitsha
• ukutshintsha izikolo
• uqhawulo-mtshato
• ukusweleka kwelungu losapho elisondeleyo

Sichongwa njani isifo soxinzelelo?

Abantwana abafumana ezintathu okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu zingentla banokuchongwa ukuba bane-SAD. Ugqirha wakho unokuyalela iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo ukuqinisekisa isifo.

Ugqirha wakho unokukujonga unxibelelana nomntwana wakho. Oku kubonisa ukuba ngaba indlela yakho yobuzali iyayichaphazela indlela umntwana wakho ajongana noxinzelelo

Sinyangwa njani isifo soxinzelelo?

Unyango kunye namayeza asetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-SAD. Zombini iindlela zonyango zinokunceda umntwana ukuba ajongane noxinzelelo ngendlela elungileyo.

Unyango

Olona nyango lusebenzayo lunyango lokuziphatha kwengqondo (CBT). Nge-CBT, abantwana bafundiswa ngeendlela zokulwa noxinzelelo. Iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokuphefumla ngokunzulu kunye nokuphumla.

Unyango lokunxibelelana kwabazali nomntwana yenye indlela yokunyanga i-SAD. Inezigaba ezintathu eziphambili zonyango:

• Ukudibana okujongwe ngumntwana (CDI), egxile ekuphuculeni umgangatho wobudlelwane bomzali nomntwana. Kubandakanya ukufudumala, ingqalelo, kunye nendumiso. Oku kunceda ukomeleza imvakalelo yomntwana yokukhuseleka.

• Unxibelelwano olukhokelwe sisibindi (BDI), efundisa abazali malunga nokuba kutheni umntwana wabo enexhala. Ingcali yomntwana wakho iya kuphuhlisa ileli yobukroti. Ileli ibonisa iimeko ezibangela ukuxhalaba. Iseka imbuyekezo yokuphendula okuhle.

• Ukudibana okujolise kumzali (PDI), efundisa abazali ukuba banxibelelane ngokucacileyo nomntwana wabo. Oku kunceda ukulawula indlela yokuziphatha engalunganga.

Imeko-bume yesikolo sesinye isitshixo kunyango oluyimpumelelo. Umntwana wakho ufuna indawo ekhuselekileyo anokuhamba kuyo xa eziva enexhala. Kufuneka kubekho indlela yokuba umntwana wakho anxibelelane nawe xa kukho imfuneko ngexesha lesikolo okanye ngamanye amaxesha xa engekho ekhaya. Okokugqibela, utitshala womntwana wakho kufuneka akhuthaze unxibelelwano nabanye ofunda nabo. Ukuba unenkxalabo malunga negumbi lokufundela lomntwana wakho, thetha notitshala, umgaqo, okanye umcebisi ngezikhokelo.

Amayeza

Akukho mayeza athile kwi-SAD. Ngamanye amaxesha amayeza okulwa noxinzelelo asetyenziswa kubantwana abadala kule meko ukuba ezinye iindlela zonyango azisebenzi. Esi sisigqibo ekufuneka siqwalaselwe ngononophelo ngumzali womntwana okanye umgcini kunye nogqirha. Abantwana kufuneka bajongwe ngokusondeleyo kwiziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Iziphumo zokwahlukana koxinzelelo kubomi bosapho

Uphuhliso lweemvakalelo kunye noluntu zichaphazeleka kakhulu yi-SAD. Le meko inokubangela ukuba umntwana aphephe amava abalulekileyo kuphuhliso oluqhelekileyo.

I-SAD inokuchaphazela nobomi bosapho. Ezinye zezi ngxaki zinokubandakanya:

• imisebenzi yosapho ethintelwe kukungaziphathi kakuhle
• abazali abanalo ixesha elincinane labo okanye elinye, elibangela ukukhathazeka
• abantakwenu abanomona ngononophelo olongezelelekileyo olunikwe umntwana one-SAD

Ukuba umntwana wakho une-SAD, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokhetho kunye neendlela onokukunceda ngazo ukulawula iziphumo zalo kubomi bosapho.