Sibuze abantu baseMelika malunga neMpilo yezeSondo: Oko ikuthethayo malunga neMeko yezeSondo Ed

Umxholo

• Ushwankathelo
• Ukufikelela kwimfundo
• Uthintelo lwe-STI
• Iingcamango eziphosakeleyo zokuthintela ukukhulelwa
• Ulwazi ngokwesini
• Ukuchaza imvume
• Yintoni elandelayo?

Ushwankathelo

Akukho mbuzo ukuba ukubonelela ngolwazi oluchanekileyo noluchanekileyo lwezempilo lwezesondo ezikolweni kubalulekile.

Ukubonelela abafundi ngezi zibonelelo akuncedi nje ukukhusela ukukhulelwa okungafunekiyo kunye nokusasazeka kwezifo ezosulela ngokwabelana ngesondo, kodwa kunokunceda ekuqinisekiseni intlalo-ntle yomntu wonke.

Ukanti imeko yemfundo yezesondo kunye nokwazisa kwezinye iindawo eUnited States isusela kwezonyango ngokungachanekanga kude kube yinto engekhoyo.

Okwangoku, kuphela ngama-20 amazwe afuna ukuba imfundo ngesondo kunye ne-HIV ibe “kwezonyango, ngokwenyani, okanye kwezobuchwephesha ezichanekileyo,” (ngelixa iNew Jersey ingumbuso wama-21, ishiywe ngaphandle kuba ukuchaneka kwezonyango akuchazwanga ngokuthe ngqo kummiselo wombuso. Ifunwa yi-NJDE's Health Comprehensive kunye neMfundo yePhysical).

Okwangoku, inkcazo yento "echanekileyo yonyango" ingahluka ngurhulumente.

Ngelixa amanye amazwe enokufuna ukwamkelwa kwekharityhulamu liSebe lezeMpilo, amanye amazwe avumela ukuba kusasazwe izixhobo ezisekwe kulwazi oluvela kwimithombo epapashiweyo ehlonitshwayo lushishino lwezonyango. Oku kusilela kwenkqubo yokuhlengahlengisa kunokukhokelela ekuhanjisweni kolwazi olungachanekanga.

I-Healthline kunye neBhunga leNgcaciso loLwazi kunye neMfundo yeBhunga laseMelika (i-SIECUS), umbutho ozinikele ekukhuthazeni imfundo yezesondo, wenza uphando olwajonga imeko yezempilo yezesondo e-United States.

Apha ngezantsi kukho iziphumo.

Ukufikelela kwimfundo

Kuvavanyo lwethu, olwenziwe ngaphezulu kwe-1 000 yaseMelika, kuphela liipesenti ezili-12 zabaphenduli abaneminyaka engama-60 nangaphezulu abafumene uhlobo oluthile lokufunda ngesondo esikolweni.

Okwangoku, ngama-33 epesenti kuphela abantu abaphakathi kweminyaka eli-18 nengama-29 ubudala abanengxelo yokuba banayo.

Ngelixa ezinye zangaphambili zifumanise ukuba iinkqubo zemfundo yokuziyeka-ukuzikhusela azikhuseli ekukhulelweni kolutsha nakwii-STIs, zininzi iindawo eUnited States apho olu kuphela kohlobo lwemfundo yezesondo ebonelelweyo.

Amazwe afana ne-Mississippi afuna ukuba izikolo zibonise imfundo yesondo njengokuziyeka-kuphela njengendlela yokulwa nokukhulelwa okungafunekiyo. Ukanti iMississippi inelinye lawona manqanaba aphezulu okukhulelwa kwabakwishumi elivisayo, abekwa ngo-2016.

Oku kuthelekiswa neNew Hampshire, enezinga eliphantsi kakhulu lokukhulelwa kolutsha eUnited States. Urhulumente ufundisa ezempilo kunye nemfundo yezesondo kunye nekharityhulamu enikezelwe kwi-STIs ukuqala kwizikolo eziphakathi.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ama-35 athi kunye neSithili seColumbia sikwavumela abazali ukuba bakhethe ukuphuma ekubeni nabantwana babo bathathe inxaxheba kwisondo.

Ukanti kuvavanyo luka-2017, amaZiko oLawulo lweNtsholongwane kunye noThintelo lweZifo (CDC) afumanise ukuba abafundi bezikolo eziphakamileyo sele bezibandakanye kwizenzo zesondo.

"Xa kuziwa ekukhuthazeni imfundo ngesondo, oyena mqobo mkhulu ngokuqinisekileyo kukuthambekela kwenkcubeko yelizwe lethu ukunqanda incoko malunga nokuziphatha ngokwesini ngokupheleleyo, okanye ukuthetha kuphela ngesondo kunye nokwabelana ngesondo ngeendlela ezingathandekiyo okanye ezihlazo," ucacisa uJennifer Driver, Umgaqo-nkqubo kaRhulumente we-SIECUS UMlawuli.

"Kunzima ukuqinisekisa impilo kunye nokuba sempilweni komntu xa, amaxesha amaninzi, siswele ulwimi olufanelekileyo, oluqinisekisayo nolungenazintloni ukuthetha ngesondo kwasekuqaleni," utshilo.

Uthintelo lwe-STI

Ngo-2016, phantse ikota yazo zonke iimeko ezintsha ze-HIV e-United States zazenziwe ngabantu abancinci, ngokwe-CDC. Abantu abaneminyaka eli-15 ukuya kwengama-24 benza ii-STIs ezintsha ezichazwe e-United States unyaka nonyaka.

Kungenxa yoko le nto imalunga nokuba kuvavanyo lwethu - apho iminyaka yobudala eyi-18 ukuya kuma-29 yenza phantse iipesenti ezingama-30 zabathathi-nxaxheba bethu - xa bebuzwa ukuba ingaba i-HIV inokusasazeka ngamathe, phantse umntu omnye kwaba-2 uphendule ngendlela engeyiyo.

Kutshanje, iZizwe eziManyeneyo zezeMfundo, iNzululwazi, kunye neNkcubeko Umbutho (UNESCO) upapashe isifundo esithi iinkqubo zemfundo yezesondo ngokubanzi (CSE) azange zonyuse kuphela impilo kunye nentlalo-ntle yabantwana nabantu abancinci, kodwa zanceda ukuthintela i-HIV kunye nee-STIs njengokuba.

Umqhubi ukhankanya iNetherlands njengowona mzekelo uphambili wokuhlawulwa kweenkqubo ze-CSE. Eli lizwe libonelela ngeyona nkqubo yehlabathi yokufundisa ngesondo efanelekileyo kunye neziphumo zempilo ezihambelanayo, ngakumbi xa kufikwa kwi-STI kunye nokuthintela i-HIV.

Ilizwe lifuna ikhosi ebanzi yemfundo yesondo eqala kwisikolo samabanga aphantsi. Iziphumo zezi nkqubo ziyazithetha.

I-Netherlands inelinye lawona manqanaba asezantsi e-HIV kwiipesenti ezi-0.2 zabantu abadala abaneminyaka eli-15 ukuya kwengama-49.

Iinkcukacha-manani zikwabonisa ukuba iipesenti ezingama-85 zolutsha kweli lizwe zichaze ukusebenzisa izinto zokuthintela ukukhulelwa ngexesha lokudibana kwabo okokuqala ngokwesondo, ngelixa izinga lokukhulelwa kolutsha belisezantsi, kwi-4.5 kwi-1,000 yabakwishumi elivisayo.

Nangona uMqhubi evuma ukuba i-United States ayinakho nje "ukwamkela yonke into enxulumene nokufundisa ngesondo eyenzeka eNetherlands," uyavuma ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba ujonge kumazwe athabatha indlela efanayo yokufumana izimvo.

Iingcamango eziphosakeleyo zokuthintela ukukhulelwa

Xa kufikwa kumba wokuthintela ukukhulelwa, kwaye ngakumbi ngakumbi ukukhulelwa okungxamisekileyo, uphando lwethu lufumanise ukuba kukho inani lezimvo eziphosakeleyo malunga nendlela asebenza ngayo la manyathelo othintelo.

Iipesenti ezingama-93 zeepesenti zabaphenduli bethu azikwazanga ukuphendula ngokuchanekileyo ukuba zingaphi iintsuku emva kokulalana ngendlela engxamisekileyo. Uninzi lwabantu luthi lwalusebenza kuphela ukuya kwiintsuku ezimbini emva kokuba wabelana ngesondo.

Ngapha koko, "iipilisi zakusasa" ezinje ngePlani B zinokunceda ukunqanda ukukhulelwa okungafunekiyo ukuba kuthathwe ukuya kwiintsuku ezi-5 emva kokwabelana ngesondo kunye nokwehla komngcipheko nge-89 yepesenti.

Okunye ukungaqondani malunga nezinto zokuthintela ukukhulelwa okungxamisekileyo kubandakanya iipesenti ezingama-34 zabo batyholwa ngokukholelwa ukuba ukuthatha ipilisi emva kokusa kunokubangela ukungachumi, kwaye ikota yabaphenduli ikholelwa ekubeni inokubangela isisu.

Ngapha koko, iipesenti ezingama-70 zabo bakwenziwa uphando babengazi ukuba ipilisi iyayeka okwexeshana ukukhupha amaqanda, ethintela ukukhutshwa kweqanda ukuba lidibaniswe.

Nokuba le mbono iphosakeleyo malunga nendlela ezisebenza ngayo izinto zokuthintela ukukhulelwa ngumcimbi wesini ayicacanga. Yintoni eqondwayo, nangona kunjalo, kukuba kusekho umsebenzi ekufuneka wenziwe.

Nangona uMqhubi ekhankanya umThetho woKhathalelo ongenakufikeleleka njengomzekelo omnye wokunyanzelwa kolawulo lokuzalwa simahla nolufikelelekayo kunye nokuthintela inzala, akaqinisekanga ukuba oku kwanele.

"Ukubuya kwenkcubeko, njengoko kubonisiwe kwimilo emininzi yomthetho kunye nokonyuka kweengxoxo zikawonke-wonke - ngelishwa eziye zadibanisa ulawulo lokuzalwa kunye nokuqhomfa-kubonisa ukuba uluntu lwethu luhleli lungonwabanga ngokwamkela ngokupheleleyo isini sabasetyhini," uyacacisa.

Iipesenti ezingama-93 zabaphenduli bethu abakwazanga ukuphendula ngokuchanekileyo ukuba zingaphi iintsuku emva kokuba neentlobano zesini ngokungxamisekileyo.

Ulwazi ngokwesini

Xa uyaphula phantsi ngokwesini, ngubani owona unolwazi xa kufikwa kumba wesini?

Uphando lwethu lubonise ukuba iipesenti ezingama-65 zabantu ababhinqileyo baphendule yonke imibuzo ngokuchanekileyo, ngelixa inani labathathi-nxaxheba abangamadoda lalingama-57 epesenti.

Nangona ezi zibalo zingalunganga ngokwendalo, inyani yokuba iipesenti ezingama-35 zamadoda athabathe inxaxheba kuvavanyo zikholelwa ukuba abasetyhini abanakho ukukhulelwa ngelixa besesikhathini kubonisa ukuba zisekhona iindlela zokuhamba-ngakumbi xa kufikwa kumba wokuqonda Isini sabasetyhini.

“Kufuneka senze okuninzi Umsebenzi wokutshintsha iintsomi ezixhaphakileyo, ngakumbi ezokuziphatha ngokwesini, ”ucacisa watsho uMqhubi.

“Kusekho isibonelelo senkcubeko sokuba amadoda abe zizinto zesondo, ngelixa abasetyhini benamaqondo aphindwe kabini ngokubhekisele kwisini sabo. Kwaye le mbono kudala ikho, ngokungathandabuzekiyo inegalelo ekudidekeni okungqonge imizimba yabasetyhini kunye nempilo yabasetyhini, "utshilo.

Ukuchaza imvume

Ukusuka kwintshukumo ye- # MeToo ukuya kwityala likaChristine Blasey Ford, kuyacaca ukuba ukudala incoko ejikeleze kunye nokubonelela ngolwazi malunga nokuvuma ngokwesondo akukaze kube yimfuneko.

Iziphumo zophando lwethu zibonisa ukuba oku kunjalo. Kwabaphenduli abaneminyaka eli-18 ukuya kuma-29, iipesenti ezili-14 bezisakholelwa ekubeni omnye umntu onelungelo unelungelo lokwabelana ngesondo.

Le bracket yobudala ibimele elona qela likhulu elinokuqonda okuncinci malunga nokuba yintoni eyenziweyo njengemvume.

Ngapha koko, ikota yabo bonke abaphendulileyo iphendule lo mbuzo ngokuchanekileyo, abanye bakholelwa ukuba imvume iyasebenza ukuba umntu uthi ewe nangona esela, okanye ukuba omnye umntu akathi hayi kwaphela.

Ezi zinto zifunyanisiweyo, njengoko zinokubakho, azimangalisi. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, mithandathu kuphela amazwe afuna ukuba kufundiswe ukubandakanya ulwazi kwimvume, utsho uMqhubi.

Ukanti uphononongo lwe-UNESCO olukhankanywe ngaphambili lukhankanya iinkqubo ze-CSE njengeyona ndlela “yokuxhobisa abantu abatsha ngolwazi nezakhono zokwenza ukhetho olufanelekileyo ngobomi babo.”

Oku kubandakanya ukuphucula “uhlalutyo, unxibelelwano, kunye nezinye izakhono zobomi kwezempilo nokuphila ngokunxulumene… nobundlobongela obusekelwe kwisini, imvume, ukuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo, kunye nezenzo eziyingozi.”

Kwabaphenduli abaneminyaka eli-18 ukuya kuma-29, iipesenti ezili-14 zikholelwa ekubeni omnye umntu onelungelo unelungelo lokwabelana ngesondo.

Yintoni elandelayo?

Nangona iziphumo zovavanyo lwethu zibonisa ukuba kufuneka kwenziwe okungakumbi ngokubonelela ngeenkqubo ze-CSE esikolweni, kukho ubungqina bokuba iUnited States ihamba ngendlela elungileyo.

I-poll ye-Parenthood Federation yaseMelika eyenziwe kulo nyaka ibonakalise ukuba i-98 yepesenti yabantu abanokuba ngabavoti bayayixhasa imfundo yesondo kwisikolo esiphakamileyo, ngelixa iipesenti ezingama-89 bayayixhasa kwizikolo eziphakathi.

"Sikwiminyaka engama-30 ephantsi yokukhulelwa okungalindelekanga kweli lizwe kunye nembali ephantsi yokukhulelwa kwabakwishumi elivisayo," utshilo uDawn Laguens, usekela-mongameli olawulayo we-Planned Parenthood.

"Ukufundiswa ngesondo kunye nokufikelela kwiinkonzo zocwangciso-ntsapho kubaluleke kakhulu ekuncedeni ulutsha luhlale lukhuselekile kwaye lusempilweni- eli ayiloxesha lokubuyela emva."

Ngapha koko, i-SIECUS ikhuthaza imigaqo-nkqubo eya kuthi yenze imali yokuqala yokufumana inkxaso-mali kwezemfundo ezikolweni.

Bakwasebenza ukukhulisa ulwazi malunga nesidingo sokwandisa kunye nokuphucula ukufikelela kubantu abancinci abahlelelekileyo kwiinkonzo zonyango kunye nokuzala.

"Imfundo yezesondo ebanzi yesikolo kufuneka inike ulwazi oluyinyani nolusekelwe kwezonyango olugcwalisa kwaye longeze imfundo yesondo efunyanwa ngabantwana kwiintsapho zabo, amaqela ezenkolo nawoluntu, kunye noochwephesha kwezonyango," ucacisa uMqhubi.

"Sinokonyusa ulwazi lwezempilo kubantu abenza konke Iminyaka ngokuyiphatha ngokufana nayo nayiphi na inkalo yezempilo. Simele ngokuqinisekileyo siqinisekise ukuba isini yinto esisiseko neqhelekileyo yokuba ngumntu, ”uyongeza.