Isifo sokukrala kwebele

Umxholo

• Iindidi zecolitis kunye nezizathu zazo
• Ukudumba okwenziwa sisilonda sikabhobhosi
• Ukudumba okubangelwa sisifo sephepha
• Ischemic colitis
• Isifo sokudumba okwenziwe ngemicroscopic colitis
• I-Allergic colitis kwiintsana
• Izizathu ezongezelelweyo
• Ngubani osemngciphekweni we-colitis
• Iimpawu colitis
• Nini ukubona ugqirha
• Ukuchonga i-colitis
• Ukunyanga i-colitis
• Ukuphumla kwesisu
• Amayeza
• Ugqirha
• Imbonakalo

Ushwankathelo

I-Colitis kukukrala kwikholoni yakho, ekwabizwa ngokuba ngamathumbu akho amakhulu. Ukuba une-colitis, uyakuva ukungonwabi kunye neentlungu esiswini sakho ezinokuthi zibe mnene kwaye ziphinde zenzeke ixesha elide, okanye zibukhali kwaye zibonakale ngesiquphe.

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-colitis, kwaye unyango luyahlukahluka kuxhomekeke kukuphi uhlobo onalo.

Iindidi zecolitis kunye nezizathu zazo

Iindidi zecolitis zahlulwe ngokwezinto ezibangela oko.

Ukudumba okwenziwa sisilonda sikabhobhosi

I-ulcerative colitis (UC) yenye yeemeko ezimbini ezichazwa njengezifo zesisu. Esinye sisifo sikaCrohn.

I-UC sisifo sobomi bonke esivelisa ukudumba kunye nezilonda ezophayo ngaphakathi kwimbilini yangaphakathi yamathumbu akho amakhulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo iqala kwi-rectum kwaye isasazeka kwikholoni.

I-UC lolona hlobo luxhaphake kakhulu kwi-colitis. Kuyenzeka xa amajoni omzimba egqithisela kwiibhaktheriya kunye nezinye izinto kumgudu wokugaya, kodwa iingcali azi ukuba kutheni le nto isenzeka. Iindidi eziqhelekileyo ze-UC zibandakanya:

• proctosigmoiditis, echaphazela i-rectum kunye nenxalenye esezantsi yekholoni
• i-colitis esekhohlo, echaphazela icala lasekhohlo lekholoni ukuqala kwi-rectum
• i-pancolitis, echaphazela onke amathumbu amakhulu

Ukudumba okubangelwa sisifo sephepha

I-Pseudomembranous colitis (i-PC) ivela ekukhuleni kwebacteria IClostridium difficile. Olu hlobo lweebhaktiriya luhlala emathunjini, kodwa alubangeli ngxaki kuba lulungelelaniswe bubukho bebacteria "elungileyo".

Amayeza athile, ngakumbi amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane, anokutshabalalisa iintsholongwane. Oku kuvumela IClostridium difficile ukuthatha, ukukhupha iityhefu ezibangela ukudumba.

Ischemic colitis

Ischemic colitis (IC) yenzeka xa ukuphuma kwegazi kwikholoni ngesiquphe kunqunyulwa okanye kuthintelwe. Amahlwili egazi anokuba sisizathu sokuvaleka ngesiquphe. I-atherosclerosis, okanye i-deposits of fatty deposits, kwimithambo yegazi ebonelela ngekholoni ihlala isisizathu se-IC ephindaphindayo.

Olu hlobo lwe-colitis luhlala lubangelwa yimeko engaphantsi. Oku kunokubandakanya:

• i-vasculitis, isifo esivuthayo semithambo yegazi
• isifo seswekile
• umhlaza wamathumbu
• ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni
• ukopha
• ukumelwa yintliziyo
• isithintelo
• umothuko

Nangona kunqabile, i-IC inokwenzeka njengempembelelo esecaleni yokuthatha amayeza athile.

Isifo sokudumba okwenziwe ngemicroscopic colitis

I-Microscopic colitis yimeko yonyango ugqirha anokuchonga kuphela ngokujonga kwisampulu yethishu yekolon phantsi kwemicroscope. Ugqirha uya kujonga iimpawu zokudumba, ezinjengee-lymphocyte, eziluhlobo lweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi.

Ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha bahlela i-microscopic colitis kwiindidi ezimbini: i-lymphocytic kunye ne-collagenous colitis. I-lymphocytic colitis kuxa ugqirha echonga inani elibalulekileyo lee-lymphocyte. Nangona kunjalo, izicubu zekolon kunye neliningin azixinene ngokungaqhelekanga.

I-collagenous colitis yenzeka xa ulwelo lwekholoni luba lukhulu kunesiqhelo ngenxa yokwanda kweclagen phantsi komaleko ongaphandle wethishu. Ithiyori ezahlukileyo zikhona malunga nohlobo ngalunye lwe-microscopic colitis, kodwa abanye oogqirha bathi zombini iintlobo ze-colitis ziindidi ezahlukeneyo zemeko efanayo.

Oogqirha abazi kakuhle ukuba yintoni ebangela i-microscopic colitis. Nangona kunjalo, bayazi ukuba abanye abantu basemngciphekweni wale meko. Oku kubandakanya:

• Abatshayayo ngoku
• Isini sabasetyhini
• Imbali yokuphazamiseka komzimba
• badala kuneminyaka engama-50

Ezona mpawu zixhaphakileyo ze-microscopic colitis sisifo sorhudo esinganyangekiyo, isisu esiswini kunye nentlungu esiswini.

I-Allergic colitis kwiintsana

I-Allergic colitis yimeko enokuthi yenzeke kwiintsana, zihlala ngaphakathi kwiinyanga ezimbini zokuqala emva kokuzalwa. Imeko inokubangela iimpawu kwiintsana ezibandakanya i-reflux, ukugabha okugqithileyo, ukuxubana, kunye nokubakho kwegazi kwisitulo somntwana.

Oogqirha abazi kakuhle ukuba yintoni ebangela i-colitis eyingozi. Ngokophando luka-2013 olupapashwe kwi, enye yeengcamango ezithandwa kakhulu kukuba abantwana bane-allergen okanye i-hypersensitive reaction kwizinto ezithile kubisi lwebele.

Oogqirha bahlala becebisa ngokutya okupheliswa kukamama apho ayayeka kancinci ukutya ukutya okuthile okwaziwayo ukuba negalelo kwi-colicic colitis. Imizekelo ibandakanya ubisi lweenkomo, amaqanda kunye nengqolowa. Ukuba umntwana uyeka ukuba neempawu, oku kutya kunokwenzeka ukuba ngoyena nobangela.

Izizathu ezongezelelweyo

Ezinye izizathu zesifo sokudumba zibandakanya ukusuleleka kwizifunxi-gazi, iintsholongwane, kunye netyhefu yokutya evela kwiibhaktheriya. Unokuyiphuhlisa imeko ukuba amathumbu akho amakhulu anyangwe ngemitha.

Ngubani osemngciphekweni we-colitis

Izinto ezahlukeneyo zomngcipheko zinxulunyaniswa nohlobo ngalunye lwe-colitis.

Usengozini enkulu ye-UC ukuba:

• aphakathi kweminyaka eli-15 nengama-30 (ixhaphake kakhulu) okanye ama-60 nama-80
• bangamaYuda okanye abantu baseCaucasus
• Unelungu losapho eline-UC

Usengozini enkulu kwi-PC ukuba:

• bathatha ii-antibiotics zexesha elide
• balaliswe esibhedlele
• bafumana ichemotherapy
• bathatha iziyobisi ezikhuselayo
• badala
• bendikhe ndanePC ngaphambili

Usengozini ye-IC ukuba:

• bangaphezulu kweminyaka engama-50 ubudala
• banesifo okanye basengozini yesifo sentliziyo
• ukusilela kwentliziyo
• ukuba noxinzelelo lwegazi olusezantsi
• Ndenziwe utyando esiswini

Iimpawu colitis

Ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho, unokufumana enye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• iintlungu zesisu okanye ukubamba
• ukudumba esiswini sakho
• ukuhla ukusinda
• urhudo kunye okanye ngaphandle kwegazi
• igazi kwisitulo sakho
• Imfuno engxamisekileyo yokuhambisa izibilini zakho
• Ukugodola okanye umkhuhlane
• ukugabha

Nini ukubona ugqirha

Ngelixa wonke umntu enokufumana urhudo amaxesha ngamaxesha, jonga ugqirha ukuba ngaba urhudo alubonakali luhambelana nosulelo, umkhuhlane, okanye nakuphi na ukutya okungcolileyo okwaziwayo. Ezinye iimpawu ezibonisa ukuba lixesha lokuba ugqirha zibandakanya:

• intlungu edibeneyo
• irhashalala ezingenasizathu saziwayo
• isixa esincinci segazi esitulweni, esifana nesitulo esinemigca ebomvu ebomvu
• isisu esibuhlungu esihlala sibuya
• ukwehla kobunzima obungachazwanga

Funa unyango ngokukhawuleza ukuba ubona inani elibalulekileyo legazi kwisitulo sakho.

Ukuba uziva ukuba kukho into engalunganga ngesisu sakho, kungcono uthethe nogqirha wakho. Ukuphulaphula umzimba wakho kubalulekile ukuhlala kakuhle.

Ukuchonga i-colitis

Ugqirha wakho unokubuza malunga nobuninzi beempawu zakho kunye nokuqala kwazo ukwenzeka. Baza kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba olucokisekileyo kwaye basebenzise iimvavanyo zokuqonda ezinje:

• I-colonoscopy, ebandakanya ukufakwa kwekhamera kwityhubhu eguqukayo nge-anus ukujonga i-rectum kunye nekholoni
• sigmoidoscopy, efanayo kwi-colonoscopy kodwa ibonisa kuphela i-rectum kunye ne-colon esezantsi
• iisampulu zelindle
• ukucinga esiswini okunje ngeMRI okanye iCT scan
• i-ultrasound, eluncedo ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo eskenwayo
• i-barium enema, i-X-ray yekolon emva kokuba ingene nge-barium, enceda ukwenza imifanekiso ibonakale ngakumbi

Ukunyanga i-colitis

Unyango luyahluka ngezinto ezimbalwa:

• uhlobo lwe-colitis
• ubudala
• imeko yomzimba iyonke

Ukuphumla kwesisu

Ukunciphisa into oyifaka ngomlomo kunokuba luncedo, ngakumbi ukuba une-IC. Ukuthatha amanzi kunye nokunye ukutya okunesondlo kungafuneka ngeli xesha.

Amayeza

Ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza okunyanga ukudumba ukunyanga ukudumba kunye nentlungu, kunye neziyobisi zokunyanga usulelo. Ugqirha wakho unokukunyanga ngamayeza eentlungu okanye iziyobisi ze-antispasmodic.

Ugqirha

Utyando lokususa inxenye okanye yonke ikholoni okanye i-rectum ingafuneka ukuba olunye unyango lungasebenzi.

Imbonakalo

Imbonakalo yakho ixhomekeke kuhlobo lwesifo onaso. I-UC inokufuna unyango ngamayeza ubomi bakho bonke ngaphandle kokuba utyandiwe. Ezinye iintlobo, ezinjenge-IC, zinokuphucula ngaphandle kotyando. I-PC ngokubanzi iphendula kakuhle kwii-antibiotics, kodwa inokuphinda yenzeke.

Kuzo zonke iimeko, ukufunyanwa kwangoko kubalulekile ekubuyiseni. Ukufumanisa kwangoko kunokunceda ukuthintela ezinye iingxaki ezinzulu. Yazisa ugqirha wakho ngazo naziphi na iimpawu ohlangabezana nazo.