Uyilawula njani iNtlupheko yeSeli yokuGula

Umxholo

• Yintoni ingxaki yeselfowuni?
• Yintoni ebangela ingxaki yeseli?
• Iphathwa njani ingxaki yeseli?
• Unyango lwasekhaya
• Unyango
• Ndazi njani ukuba mandibone nini ugqirha?
• Ngaba zinokuthintelwa iingxaki zeeseli zerhengqa?
• Umgca wezantsi

Yintoni ingxaki yeselfowuni?

Isifo seSickle cell (SCD) sisifo esibomvu esizuze ilifa (RBC). Ziziphumo zenguquko yemfuza ebangela ukuba kwenziwe i-RBCs engeyiyo.

I-SCD ifumana igama layo kwisimo se-RBCs, esifana nesixhobo sefama esibizwa ngokuba yirhengqa. Ngokwesiqhelo, ii-RBCs zimile okweediski.

Ii-RBCs zihambisa ioksijini kumalungu omzimba wakho kunye nezicubu. I-SCD yenza kube nzima kwii-RBCs ukuphatha ioksijini eyaneleyo. Iiseli ezigulayo zinokubanjwa kwimithambo yegazi yakho, zithintele ukuhamba kwegazi kumalungu akho. Oku kunokubangela imeko ebuhlungu eyaziwa ngokuba yingxaki yeseli yerhengqa.

Iintlungu ezivela kwingxaki yeseli erhengayo zihlala zivela:

• isifuba
• iingalo
• imilenze
• iminwe
• iinzwane

Ingxaki yeseli erhengqayo ingaqala ngequbuliso kwaye ihlale iintsuku. Ubuhlungu obuvela kwintlekele enkulu bunokuqhubeka iiveki ukuya kwiinyanga.

Ngaphandle konyango olufanelekileyo, ingxaki yeseli erhengqa inokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezinokubakho, kubandakanya ukonakala komzimba kunye nelahleko yombono.

Yintoni ebangela ingxaki yeseli?

Iingcali aziqondi ngokupheleleyo izizathu zengxaki yeseli erhengayo. Kodwa bayazi ukuba kubandakanya ukuhlangana okuntsonkothileyo phakathi kwee-RBCs, i-endothelium (iiseli ezingene kwimithambo yegazi), iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi kunye neeplatelets. Ezi ngxaki zihlala zivela ngokuzenzekelayo.

Intlungu ibakho xa iiseli ezigulisayo zixinekile kwisitya segazi, kuthintela ukuhamba kwegazi. Ngamanye amaxesha kubhekiswa njengokugula.

Ukugula kunokubangelwa ziimeko ezinxulunyaniswa namanqanaba asezantsi eoksijini, ukonyuka kweasidi yegazi, okanye umthamo wegazi osezantsi.

Izinto eziqhelekileyo ezibangela ingxaki yeseli zibandakanya:

• utshintsho ngesiquphe kubushushu, olunokwenza imithambo yegazi icutheke
• umthambo onzima kakhulu okanye ogqithisileyo, ngenxa yokunqongophala kweoksijini
• Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, ngenxa yevolumu yegazi esezantsi
• usulelo
• uxinzelelo
• Ukuphakama okuphezulu, ngenxa yokuxinana kweoksijini esemoyeni
• utywala
• ukutshaya
• ukukhulelwa
• ezinye iimeko zonyango, ezinje ngeswekile

Akusoloko kunokwenzeka ukwazi ngqo ukuba yintoni ebangele ingxaki ethile yeseli erhengayo. Amaxesha amaninzi, kukho izizathu ezingaphezulu kwesinye.

Iphathwa njani ingxaki yeseli?

Ayizizo zonke iingxaki zeseli zerhengqa ezifuna uhambo kugqirha. Kodwa ukuba unyango lwasekhaya alubonakali lusebenza, kubalulekile ukulandela ugqirha ukunqanda naziphi na ezinye iingxaki.

Unyango lwasekhaya

Ezinye iingxaki zeeseli zerhengi ziyalawuleka ngeentlungu ezingaphezulu kwekhawuntari, ezinje:

• i-acetaminophen (iTylenol)
• Iasprini
• ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin)
• I-naproxen sodium (iAleve)

Ezinye iindlela zokulawula iintlungu ezincinci ekhaya zibandakanya:

• iiphedi zokufudumeza
• ukusela amanzi amaninzi
• amabhafu ashushu
• phumla
• ukuphulula

Unyango

Ukuba unentlungu ebukhali okanye unyango lwasekhaya alusebenzi, bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza. Baya kuqala ngokujonga nayiphi na imiqondiso yesifo esisisiseko okanye ukungabikho komzimba okungabangela ingxaki.

Emva koko, baya kukubuza imibuzo ethile ukuze bafumane ingcamango engcono kwinqanaba leentlungu zakho. Kuxhomekeka kwinqanaba leentlungu zakho, baya kuthi bakunike amayeza athile ukuze ufumane isiqabu.

Izinketho zentlungu ephantsi ukuya kumodareyitha zibandakanya:

• ii-nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (ii-NSAID), ezinje nge-ibuprofen
• ikhowudi, yedwa okanye ngokudibeneyo ne-acetaminophen (iTylenol)
• Oxycodone (Oxaydo, Roxicodone, OxyContin)

Izinketho zentlungu ebuhlungu zibandakanya:

• I-morphine (iDuramorph)
• i-hydromorphone (iDilaudid, Exalgo)
• meperidine (iDemerol)

Ngokuxhomekeka kwiimpawu zakho, ugqirha wakho unokukunika ne-intravenous fluid. Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, unokufuna utofelo-gazi.

Ndazi njani ukuba mandibone nini ugqirha?

Ingxaki yeseli erhengayo kufuneka inyangwe kwangoko ukuthintela imiba yexesha elide. Kubalulekile ukuba uqiniseke ukuba uyazi ukuba ngubani oza kumfowunela kwaye uye phi kunyango lwezonyango kuba ingxaki yeselfowuni inokuthi ifike ngesiquphe.

Ngaphambi kokuba ube nengxaki yeentlungu, thetha nogqirha wakho rhoqo ukuze uqiniseke ukuba ulwazi olukwirekhodi yakho yezonyango (EMR) luhlaziyiwe. Gcina ikopi eprintiweyo yesicwangciso sakho solawulo lwentlungu kunye noluhlu lwawo onke amayeza oza kuhamba nawo esibhedlele.

Kufuneka ufune unyango ngokukhawuleza ukuba unayo i-SCD kunye naziphi na iimpawu ezilandelayo:

• intlungu engachazekiyo emqolo, amadolo, imilenze, iingalo, isifuba okanye isisu
• Umkhuhlane ongaphezulu kwe-101 ° F (38 ° C)
• Iintlungu ezingachazwanga
• isiyezi
• Intamo elukhuni
• ubunzima bokuphefumla
• intloko ebuhlungu
• ulusu olumhlophe okanye imilebe
• ulwakhiwo olubuhlungu oluhlala ngaphezulu kweeyure ezine
• ubuthathaka kwelinye okanye omabini amacala omzimba
• utshintsho olukhawulezileyo lombono
• ukudideka okanye intetho engacacanga
• ukudumba ngesiquphe esiswini, ezandleni, okanye ezinyaweni
• umbala omthubi kwesikhumba okanye ezimhlophe zamehlo
• ukuxhuzula

Xa undwendwela isebe likaxakeka, qiniseka ukwenza oku kulandelayo:

• Yazisa abasebenzi ngoko nangoko ukuba une-SCD.
• Nika imbali yakho yonyango kunye noluhlu lwawo onke amayeza owathathayo.
• Cela umongikazi okanye ugqirha ukuba akhangele i-EMR yakho.
• Nika abasebenzi ulwazi lwakho loqhakamshelwano lukagqirha.

Ngaba zinokuthintelwa iingxaki zeeseli zerhengqa?

Awunakuhlala uthintela ingxaki yeselfowuni, kodwa utshintsho oluthile kwindlela yokuphila lunokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko.

Nazi ezinye zeendlela zokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba nengxaki yeseli erhengayo:

• Thatha onke amayeza acetyiswe ngugqirha wakho.
• Zama ukusela malunga neiglasi ezili-10 zamanzi ngosuku, ukongeza ngaphezulu kwimozulu eshushu okanye ngexesha lokuzilolonga.
• Gcina ukuzivocavoca okulula okanye okuphakathi, uphephe nayiphi na into enzima okanye eyingozi.
• Nxiba shushu kwimozulu ebandayo, kwaye uphathe umaleko owongezelelweyo kwimeko apho kunokwenzeka.
• Nciphisa ixesha elichithwe kwiindawo eziphakamileyo.
• Gwema ukunyuka kwentaba okanye ukubhabha kwikhabhathi engafakwanga (iinqwelomoya ezingezozorhwebo) ngaphezulu kweenyawo ezili-10 000.
• Hlamba izandla zakho rhoqo ukunqanda ukosuleleka.
• Fumana lonke ugonyo olucetyiswayo, kubandakanya ugonyo lomkhuhlane.
• Thatha isongezelelo se-folic acid, ekufuneka umongo wethambo lakho wenze ii-RBCs ezintsha.
• Nika ingqalelo kwaye ulawule uxinzelelo.
• Kuphephe ukutshaya.

Umgca wezantsi

Ingxaki yeseli erhengayo inokuba buhlungu kakhulu. Ngelixa iintlungu ezincinci zinokunyangwa ekhaya, iintlungu eziqatha ngakumbi luphawu ekufuneka ulubonile kugqirha. Ukuba ayinyangwa, ingxaki enkulu yeseli erhengayo inokubangela amalungu, anjengezintso, isibindi, imiphunga, udakada, igazi neoksijini.