Yintoni i-Guillain-Barré syndrome, iimpawu eziphambili kunye noonobangela

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Yintoni ebangela isifo seGuillain-Barré
• Uxilongo lwenziwa njani
• Unjani unyango

Isifo seGuillain-Barré sisifo esibuhlungu somzimba apho amajoni omzimba ngokwawo aqala ukuhlasela iiseli zemithambo-luvo, ekhokelela ekuvukeleni kwimithambo-luvo kwaye, ngenxa yoko, ubuthathaka bemisipha kunye nokukhubazeka, okunokubulala.

Isifo esiqhubela phambili ngokukhawuleza kwaye uninzi lwezigulana luyakhululwa emva kweeveki ezi-4, nangona ixesha lokufumana ixesha elipheleleyo linokuthatha iinyanga okanye iminyaka. Uninzi lwezigulana luyachacha kwaye luhamba kwakhona emva kweenyanga ezi-6 ukuya kunyaka-1 wonyango, kodwa kukho abanye abanobunzima obukhulu kwaye abadinga malunga neminyaka emithathu ukuze bachache.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Iimpawu kunye neempawu zesifo sikaGuillain-Barré zinokukhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye zisiba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha, kwaye zinokumshiya umntu ekhubazekile kwisithuba esingaphantsi kweentsuku ezi-3, kwezinye iimeko. Nangona kunjalo, ayingabo bonke abantu abahlakulela iimpawu ezinzima kwaye banokuba namava obuthathaka ezingalweni nasemilenzeni. Ngokubanzi, iimpawu zesifo sikaGuillain-Barré zezi:

• Ubuthathaka bemisipha, obuhlala buqala emilenzeni, kodwa buye bufike ezingalweni, uvalo kunye nezihlunu zobuso nezomlomo, intetho engalunganga kunye nokutya;
• Ukulinganisa kunye nelahleko yovakalelo emilenzeni nasezingalweni;
• Iintlungu emilenzeni, esinqeni nasemqolo;
• Ukutsalwa esifubeni, ukubetha kwentliziyo;
• Utshintsho loxinzelelo, ngoxinzelelo oluphezulu okanye oluphantsi;
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla nokuginya, ngenxa yokukhubazeka kwemisipha yokuphefumla kunye nokwetyisa;
• Kunzima ukulawula umchamo kunye nelindle;
• Uloyiko, ixhala, ukuphelelwa ngamandla kunye ne-vertigo.

Xa kufikelelwe kwidayaphragm, umntu angaqala ukufumana ubunzima bokuphefumla, kwimeko apho kuyacetyiswa ukuba umntu aqhagamshelwe kwizixhobo ezinceda ukuphefumla, njengoko izihlunu zokuphefumla zingasebenzi kakuhle, ezinokubangela ukufuthaniseka.

Yintoni ebangela isifo seGuillain-Barré

Isifo seGuillain-Barré sisifo esizimela komzimba esenzeka ikakhulu ngenxa yosulelo, esihlala sibangelwa kukusulelwa yintsholongwane yeZika. Le ntsholongwane inokubeka emngciphekweni ukusebenza kwamajoni omzimba kunye nenkqubo yemithambo-luvo, ekhokelela ekubonakaleni kweempawu kunye neempawu zesi sifo.

Ngenxa yotshintsho kwinkqubo yamajoni omzimba, umzimba uqala ukuhlasela inkqubo ye-peripheral system, utshabalalisa i-myelin sheath, eyimbumba egubungela imithambo-luvo kwaye ikhawulezise ukuqhuba kwempembelelo yovalo, ebangela iimpawu.

Xa ilahleko ye-myelin ilahlekile, imithambo iyadumba kwaye oku kuthintela isignali ye-luvo ukuba ingadluliselwa kwimisipha, ekhokelela kubuthathaka bemisipha kunye nokuziva kubetha emilenzeni nasezingalweni, umzekelo.

Uxilongo lwenziwa njani

Ukuxilongwa kwe-Guillain-Barré syndrome kwinqanaba lokuqala kunzima, njengoko iimpawu zifana nezinye izifo ezininzi apho kukho ukuphazamiseka kwemithambo-luvo.

Ke, ukuxilongwa kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ngohlalutyo lweempawu, uviwo olupheleleyo lomzimba kunye novavanyo olufana nokugqabhuka kwembumba, imaging resonance imaging kunye ne-electroneuromyography, eluvavanyo olwenziwa ngenjongo yokuvavanya ukuqhuba kwempembelelo yovalo. Fumanisa ukuba lwenziwa njani uvavanyo lwe-electroneuromyography.

Zonke izigulana ezinesifo sikaGuillain-Barré kufuneka zihlale esibhedlele ukuze zibekwe iliso kwaye zinyangwe ngokufanelekileyo, kuba xa singanyangwa esi sifo, singakhokelela ekufeni ngenxa yokufa amalungu omzimba kwezihlunu.

Unjani unyango

Unyango lwe-Guillain-Barré Syndrome ijolise ekunciphiseni iimpawu kunye nokukhawulezisa ukubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo, kwaye unyango lokuqala kufuneka lwenziwe esibhedlele kwaye luqhubeke emva kokuphuma, kwaye unyango lwe-physiotherapy lunokucetyiswa.

Unyango olwenziwe esibhedlele yi-plasmapheresis, apho igazi lisuswa emzimbeni, lihluzwe ukuze kususwe izinto ezibangela isifo, emva koko libuyiselwe emzimbeni. Ke, i-plasmapheresis iyakwazi ukugcina ii-antibodies ezinoxanduva lokuhlasela amajoni omzimba. Fumanisa ukuba yenziwa njani i-plasmapheresis.

Elinye icandelo lonyango kukutofa iidosi eziphezulu ze-immunoglobulins ngokuchasene ne-antibodies ezihlasela imithambo-luvo, ukunciphisa ukudumba kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kwe-myelin sheath.

Nangona kunjalo, xa kuvela iingxaki ezimandundu, ezinje ngobunzima bokuphefumla, intliziyo okanye iingxaki zezintso, kunyanzelekile ukuba isiguli silaliswe esibhedlele ukuze sibekwe iliso, sinyangwe kwaye sithintelwe nezinye iingxaki. Bona ezinye iinkcukacha zonyango lwe-Guillain-Barré syndrome.