Isibindi sokuqina: yintoni, iimpawu, oonobangela kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa
• Izizathu ezinokubangela
• 1. I-hepatitis B yentsholongwane kunye no-C
• 2. Ukusetyenziswa kweziselo ezinxilisayo
• 3. Ukuphazamiseka kwemetabolism
• 4. Isibindi esinamafutha
• 5. Ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza
• 6. cholestasis engapheliyo
• Unyango lwenziwa njani

Isibindi sokuqina kukudumba okungapheliyo kwesibindi okubonakaliswa ngokwenziwa kwamaqhuqhuva kunye nezicubu ze-fibrotic, ezithintela umsebenzi wesibindi.

Ngokwesiqhelo i-cirrhosis ithathwa njengenqanaba eliphambili lezinye iingxaki zesibindi, ezinje nge-hepatitis okanye i-steatosis, kuba kufuneka ukwenzakala rhoqo ukubonakala kwesibindi. Ukongeza kwezi ngxaki, i-cirrhosis nayo inokukhula ngenxa yokusela kakhulu, ukusebenzisa ixesha elide amayeza athile kwaye ngenxa yosulelo lwentsholongwane.

I-cirrhosis yesibindi ayinalo unyango kwaye, ke ngoko, unyango luhlala lwenziwa notshintsho kwindlela otya ngayo, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamayeza ukulawula ezinye zeempawu. Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, utyando lokufakelwa isibindi kungafuneka.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Kwinqanaba lokuqala, i-cirrhosis ihlala ingazibangeli zimpawu, nangona kunjalo, njengoko izilonda zesibindi zisanda, iimpawu ezinje:

• Ubuthathaka kunye nokudinwa kakhulu;
• Ukugula ngokubanzi;
• Isicaphucaphu rhoqo;
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya;
• Amabala abomvu eluswini, kunye nemithambo yesigcawu encinci;
• Ukuhla ukusinda.

Kwiimeko eziphambili zesifo sokuqina kwesifo, kuqhelekile ukubona iimpawu ezinjengesikhumba esimthubi namehlo, isisu esidumbileyo, umchamo omnyama kakhulu, ilindle elimhlophe kunye nokurhawuzelela umzimba wonke.

Xa uchonga naziphi na iimpawu ezinokubonisa ingxaki yesibindi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubonisana ne-hepatologist okanye ugqirha jikelele, kuba kwangoko ukuxilongwa kwenziwe, kulula ukuba unyango luya kuba.

Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa

Ukuchongwa kwesibindi sokuqina kwesibindi kuqala kuvavanyo lweempawu ezibonisiweyo, kunye nendlela yokuphila yomntu kunye nembali yezempilo. Ukongeza, iimvavanyo zaselebhu ezivavanya isibindi, ukusebenza kwezintso kunye nokukwazi ukujiya zihlala zi-odolwa, kunye novavanyo lwe-serological ukuchonga usulelo lwentsholongwane.

Uvavanyo oluphambili lwelabhoratri oluyalelwa ngugqirha yimilinganiselo yee-enzyme zesibindi i-TGO kunye ne-TGP, eziphakanyisiweyo xa isibindi sinezilonda. Ukongeza, ugqirha uhlala ecela idosi ye-gamma-GT, ekwayiyo i-enzyme eveliswa esibindini kwaye enokuthi inyuse uxinzelelo lwayo kwimeko yeengxaki zesibindi. Jonga ezona mvavanyo ziphambili zivavanya isibindi.

Ugqirha unokucela ukwenziwa kovavanyo lwe-imaging olufana nekhompyuter ye-tomography okanye imaging resonance imaging ukuze kuvavanywe isibindi kunye nesisu esiswini, kunokwenzeka ukuba ichonge imimandla eyonzakeleyo kwaye ibonakalise isidingo se-biopsy, umzekelo. I-biopsy yesibindi ayenzelwanga injongo yesifo, kodwa ukumisela ubungqongqo, ubungakanani kunye nonobangela wokuqina kwesibindi.

Izizathu ezinokubangela

Izizathu zesibindi sokuqina zinokwahluka, nangona kunjalo, ezona zixhaphakileyo zezi:

1. I-hepatitis B yentsholongwane kunye no-C

I-Hepatitis B kunye no-C zizifo ezibangelwa ikakhulu ziintsholongwane kwaye zidluliselwa ngokudibana ngokwesondo okanye ngokwabelana ngezinto ezingcolileyo, ezinjengeenaliti ezingcolileyo, iisirinji, iipleyisi zemanicure okanye izixhobo zetattoo. Ezi ntlobo ze-hepatitis zichaphazela iiseli zesibindi kwaye ukuba ziyekwe zinganyangwa zinokubangela ukudumba okungapheliyo, okukhokelela kwi-cirrhosis. Funda kabanzi malunga nolu hlobo lwe-hepatitis kunye nendlela yokuthintela.

2. Ukusetyenziswa kweziselo ezinxilisayo

Ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziselo ezinxilisayo kunokuba neziphumo kwangoko emzimbeni, ezinje ngobunzima bokugcina ulungelelwaniso kunye nelahleko yokulungelelanisa. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukuselwa kwenziwa iintsuku ezininzi ngeveki nakwisixa esingaphezulu kwe-60 g yotywala ngemini, emadodeni, okanye kwi-20 g, kwabasetyhini, kunokubangela ukuqina kwesibindi.

3. Ukuphazamiseka kwemetabolism

Ezinye iingxaki zemetabolism zingakhokelela kwisibindi se-cirrhosis, esifana nesifo sikaWilson. Esi sifo sinqabile, sinemfuza kwaye asinonyango kwaye sibonakaliswa kukungakwazi komzimba ukucola ubhedu, ngokuqokelelana kumalungu aliqela, ngakumbi kwingqondo nakwisibindi, esinokubangela umonakalo omkhulu kula malungu. Funda ngakumbi malunga neempawu zesifo sikaWilson.

4. Isibindi esinamafutha

Isibindi esinamafutha, esaziwa ngokwenzululwazi njengesibindi esinamafutha, yimeko apho amanqatha aqokelelana khona esibindini ngenxa yokutya ngendlela engalunganga. Esi sifo asihlali sibangela iimpawu kwaye, ixesha elininzi, sifunyanwa nje. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ayinyangwa, isibindi esinamafutha sinokubangela ukudumba okungapheliyo kwesibindi, sandise umngcipheko wokuqina kwesibindi. Jonga ukuba yintoni ebangela ukuqokelelana kwamafutha esibindini.

5. Ukusetyenziswa kwamayeza

Amanye amayeza ukuba asetyenziswa kakhulu kwaye rhoqo kunokubangela ukuvuvukala kwesibindi, kuba xa zikwisixa esikhulu emzimbeni, isibindi asikwazi ukwenza izinto ngokukhawuleza. Eminye imizekelo yamayeza anokukhokelela kwisibindi sokuqina kwesibindi yi-isoniazid, nitrofurantoin, amiodarone, methotrexate, chlorpromazine kunye ne-sodium diclofenac.

6. cholestasis engapheliyo

I-cholestasis engapheliyo yimeko apho i-bile ingenakuhanjiswa kwisibindi iye kwinxalenye yamathumbu, enokubangelwa kukuthintelwa kwemibhobho yenyongo ngenxa yobukho bamathumba, amatye enyongo okanye ngenxa yokusilela kwimveliso yenyongo. I-cholestasis engapheliyo inokukhokelela kwisibindi sokuqina kwesibindi kwaye ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abane-ulcerative colitis, esisifo sokudumba.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango lwe-cirrhosis luyahluka ngokonobangela, kwaye lunokwenziwa ngokumiswa kwamayeza okanye utywala, umzekelo. Ukongeza, kubalulekile ukugcina ukutya okwaneleyo okubandakanya ukongezwa kweevithamini, kuba ngenxa yokonakala kwesibindi, umntu unokufumana ubunzima ekucoleni amafutha ngokuchanekileyo. Fumanisa ukuba ukutya kwe-cirrhosis kufanele kube njani.

Kuxhomekeka kwiimpawu ezizisiweyo, i-hepatologist inokuyalela ukuba kusetyenziswe amanye amayeza, anje nge-diuretics, antihypertensives okanye i-creams yolusu olurhawuzayo, ukuphucula umgangatho wobomi bomntu onesifo sokuqina kwesibindi.

Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, apho kukho izilonda ezininzi zesibindi, ekuphela kwendlela yonyango inokuba kukufakelwa kwesibindi, okwenziwa ngokususa isibindi nesifo sokuqina kwesibindi kunye nokubeka isibindi esisempilweni kumxhasi ofanelekileyo. Bona ezinye iinkcukacha ngeendlela eziphambili zonyango lwe-cirrhosis.