Into ekufuneka uyazi malunga nokuTshisa kweSteam

Umxholo

• Ubushushu obutshisayo beScalding
• Ukunyanga ukonzakala kwescald
• Amaqela aphezulu omngcipheko kwizikali
• Abantwana
• Abantu abadala abadala
• Abantu abakhubazekileyo
• Ukuthintela ukutsha komphunga kunye ne-scalds
• Yise kude

Ukutsha kukwenzakala okubangelwa bubushushu, umbane, ukukhuhlana, imichiza, okanye imitha. Ukutshiswa komphunga kubangelwa bubushushu kwaye kuwela kudidi lweescalds.

Ichaza i-scalds njengokutsha okubangelwa lulwelo olushushu okanye umphunga. Baqikelela ukuba ii-scalds zimele ama-33 ukuya kuma-50 epesenti yabantu baseMelika abalaliswe esibhedlele ngenxa yokutsha.

Ngokwe-American Burn Association, iipesenti ezingama-85 zokutshiswa kwe-scald zenzeka ekhaya.

Ubushushu obutshisayo beScalding

Ukutsha komphunga kunokungajongwa, kuba ukutshiswa ngumphunga kusenokungabonakali kumbi njengezinye iintlobo zokutsha.

Uphando olwenziwe kulusu lwehagu yiSwitzerland Federal Laboratories yeZinto zeNzululwazi kunye neTekhnoloji lubonise ukuba umphunga unokungena kumaleko angaphandle kwesikhumba kwaye ubangele ukutsha kakhulu kumaleko asezantsi. Ngelixa umaleko ongaphandle ungabonakali ukonakala kakhulu, amanqanaba asezantsi anokuba njalo.

Ubuzaza bokwenzakala kokutsha komlilo sisiphumo soku:

• ubushushu bolwelo olushushu okanye umphunga
• ubungakanani bexesha apho ulusu lwalunxibelelana nolwelo olushushu okanye umphunga
• ubungakanani bendawo yomzimba etshisiweyo
• Indawo yokutsha

Ukutshiswa kudweliswa njengedigri yokuqala, isidanga sesibini, okanye isidanga sesithathu esekwe kumonakalo owenziwe kwinyama kukutsha.

NgokweSiseko seBurn, amanzi ashushu abangela ukuba iqondo lesithathu litshe:

• 1 umzuzwana ngo 156ºF
• 2 imizuzwana ngo-149ºF
• Imizuzwana emi-5 ngo-140ºF
• Imizuzwana eyi-15 ngo-133ºF

Ukunyanga ukonzakala kwescald

Thatha la manyathelo kukhathalelo olungxamisekileyo lokulimala kwe-scald:

• Yahlula ixhoba le-scald kunye nomthombo wokumisa nakuphi na ukutshisa okongeziweyo.
• Indawo epholileyo enendawo epholileyo enamanzi apholileyo (angabandi) imizuzu engama-20.
• Sukuthambisa iikhrim, iisalves, okanye ioyile.
• Ngaphandle kokuba banamathele eluswini, susa impahla kunye nezacholo kwindawo okanye kufutshane nendawo echaphazelekayo
• Ukuba ubuso okanye amehlo atshisiwe, hlala nkqo ukunceda ukunciphisa ukudumba.
• Vala indawo etshisiweyo ngelaphu elomileyo okanye ngebhandeji.
• Tsalela u-911 okanye inombolo yakho yongxamiseko yasekuhlaleni.

Amaqela aphezulu omngcipheko kwizikali

Abantwana abancinci ngabona bantu bathwaxwe kukonzakala okwenzekileyo, kulandele abantu abadala kunye nabantu abaneemfuno ezizodwa.

Abantwana

Yonke imihla, abaneminyaka eyi-19 nangaphantsi bayanyangwa kumagumbi kaxakeka enzonzobileni yokutsha. Ngelixa abantwana abadala kunokwenzeka ukuba bonzakale ngokunxibelelana ngqo nomlilo, abantwana abancinci kunokwenzeka ukuba bonziswe lulwelo olushushu okanye umphunga.

Ngokwe-American Burn Association, phakathi kuka-2013 no-2017 amagumbi kaxakeka aseMelika anyanga amaqashiso angama-376,950 e-scald otshisa ukulimala okunxulunyaniswa neemveliso zasekhaya zabathengi kunye nezixhobo. Kokulimala, iipesenti ezingama-21 zazinabantwana abaneminyaka emi-4 ubudala nangaphantsi.

Uninzi lwabantwana abancinci kunokwenzeka ukuba bonzakale ngokutshiswa ngenxa yeempawu zabo zendalo zomntwana, ezinje:

• ukufuna ukwazi
• ukuqonda okulinganiselweyo kwengozi
• amandla alinganiselweyo okuphendula ngokukhawuleza xa unxibelelana nolwelo olushushu okanye umphunga

Abantwana banesikhumba esibhityileyo, ke nokuba ukuvezwa nje kancinci kumphunga nakulwelo olushushu kunokubangela ukutsha.

Abantu abadala abadala

Njengabantwana abancinci, abantu abadala abadala banesikhumba esibhityileyo, esenza ukuba kube lula ukufumana ukutsha ngakumbi.

Abanye abantu abadala banokuba nomngcipheko ophezulu wokulimala ngokutshiswa:

• Iimeko ezithile zonyango okanye amayeza anciphisa amandla okuva ubushushu, ngenxa yoko azinakushenxa kumphunga okanye kumthombo wamanzi ashushu bade bonzakale.
• Iimeko ezithile zinokubenza bathambekele ekuweni ngelixa bephethe ulwelo olushushu okanye kufutshane nolwelo olushushu okanye umphunga.

Abantu abakhubazekileyo

Abantu abakhubazekileyo banokuba neemeko ezenza ukuba babe semngciphekweni xa behambisa izinto ezinokubangela isalding, ezinje:

• ukungahambi kakuhle kokuhamba
• Ukuhamba kancinci okanye ukungahambi kakuhle
• ubuthathaka bemisipha
• Ukucinga okucothayo

Kwakhona, utshintsho kulwazi lomntu, inkumbulo, okanye ukugweba kungenza kube nzima ukuqaphela imeko enobungozi okanye ukuphendula ngokufanelekileyo ukuzisusa engozini.

Ukuthintela ukutsha komphunga kunye ne-scalds

Nazi ezinye zeengcebiso zokunciphisa umngcipheko wokutsha kwamakhaya kunye nokutsha komphunga:

• Ungaze ushiye izinto ziphekwa eziko zingahoywanga.
• Guqula izibambo zembiza ngasemva kwesitovu.
• Musa ukuphatha okanye ukubamba umntwana ngelixa upheka eziko okanye usela isiselo esishushu.
• Gcina ulwelo olushushu kwindawo ekungenakufikelelwa kuyo ngabantwana nakwizilwanyana zasekhaya.
• Ukongamela okanye ukuthintela ukusetyenziswa kwabantwana izitovu, iioveni, kunye nee-microwave.
• Gwema ukusebenzisa amalaphu etafile xa abantwana bekho (banokubatsala, banokuthi batsale ulwelo olushushu kubo).
• Sebenzisa isilumkiso kwaye ujonge izinto ezinokuba yingozi kuhambo, ezinje ngabantwana, iithoyi, kunye nezilwanyana zasekhaya, xa uhambisa iimbiza zeziselo ezishushu esitovini.
• Gwema ukusebenzisa iiragi zekhitshi, ngakumbi kufutshane nesitovu.
• Cwangcisa i-thermostat yakho yesifudumezi samanzi ibe ngaphantsi kwe-120ºF.
• Vavanya amanzi okuhlamba ngaphambi kokuhlamba umntwana.

Yise kude

Ukutsha komphunga, kunye nokutsha kolwelo, kudweliswe njengezikrelemnqa. I-Scalds yinto eyenzakala ngokuxhaphakileyo ekhayeni, echaphazela abantwana ngaphezulu kwalo naliphi na elinye iqela.

Ukutsha komphunga kuhlala kukhangeleka ngathi benze umonakalo ongaphantsi kunokuba benjalo kwaye akufuneki kujongelwe phantsi.

Kukho amanyathelo athile ekufuneka uwathathile xa ujongene ne-scald evela kulwelo olushushu okanye umphunga, kubandakanya ukupholisa indawo eyonzakeleyo ngamanzi apholileyo (angabandi) imizuzu engama-20.

Kukwakho nenani lamanyathelo onokuwathatha ekhayeni lakho ukwehlisa umngcipheko wokonzakala kwe-scald, njengokujika izibambo zembiza ngasemva kwesitovu kunye nokuseta i-thermostat yesifudumezi-manzi sakho kubushushu obungaphantsi kwe-120ºF.