Umntu oQinisekileyo weSifo

Umxholo

• Yintoni i-stiff person syndrome?
• Zithini iimpawu zesifo somntu onzima?
• Yintoni ebangela umntu ome?
• Sichongwa njani isifo somntu oqinileyo?
• Sinyangwa njani isifo somntu oqinileyo?
• Iyintoni imbonakalo yesifo somntu onzima?

Yintoni i-stiff person syndrome?

Isifo somntu onzima (i-SPS) sisifo se-autoimmune neurological disorder. Njengezinye iintlobo zokuphazamiseka kwemithambo-luvo, i-SPS ichaphazela ingqondo yakho kunye nentambo yomqolo (inkqubo ye-nervous system).

Isifo sokuzimela komzimba senzeka xa amajoni akho omzimba achaza ngokungachanekanga izicwili zomzimba eziqhelekileyo njengezinobungozi kwaye uzihlasela.

I-SPS inqabile. Inokuchaphazela ngokubonakalayo umgangatho wobomi bakho ngaphandle konyango olululo.

Zithini iimpawu zesifo somntu onzima?

Eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu, i-SPS ibangela ukuqina kwemisipha. Iimpawu zokuqala zibandakanya:

• ukuqina kwamalungu
• izihlunu ezomeleleyo esiqwini
• iingxaki zokuma kakuhle kwimisipha engasemva (oku kunokubangela ukuba uzingele ngaphezulu)
• ukudumba kwezihlunu
• ubunzima bokuhamba
• Imiba yoluvo, enjengobuntununtunu ekukhanyeni, ingxolo, kunye nesandi
• ukubila okugqithisileyo (hyperhidrosis)

I-Spasms ngenxa ye-SPS inokuba namandla kakhulu kwaye inokubangela ukuba uwe xa umile. I-Spasms ngamanye amaxesha yomelela ngokwaneleyo ukuba yophule amathambo. I-Spasms iba mandundu xa uxhalabile okanye uphazamisekile. I-Spasms inokubangelwa kukuhamba ngesiquphe, ingxolo enkulu, okanye ukubanjwa.

Xa uhlala ne-SPS, unokuba noxinzelelo okanye uxinzelelo. Oku kunokubangelwa zezinye iimpawu onokuthi ube nazo okanye ukwehla kwee-neurotransmitters kwingqondo.

Amandla oxinzelelo lweemvakalelo anokunyuka njengoko i-SPS iqhubeka. Ungaqaphela ukuba i-spams iya isiba mandundu xa uphandle. Oku kunokukhokelela kuphuhliso lwexhala malunga nokuphuma uye esidlangalaleni.

Kumanqanaba okugqibela e-SPS, unokufumana ukomelela kwemisipha kunye nokuqina.

Ukuqina kwemisipha kunokusasazeka kwamanye amalungu omzimba wakho, njengobuso bakho. Oku kunokubandakanya izihlunu ezisetyenziselwa ukutya nokuthetha. Imisipha ebandakanyeka ekuphefumlweni nayo inokuchaphazeleka ibangele iingxaki ezisongela ubomi ngokuphefumla.

Ngenxa yobukho be-amphiphysin antibodies, i-SPS inokubeka abanye abantu emngciphekweni owandayo womhlaza othile, kubandakanya:

• isifuba
• ikholoni
• umphunga

Abanye abantu abane-SPS banokuphuhlisa ezinye iingxaki zokuzimela, kubandakanya:

• isifo seswekile
• iingxaki zedlala lengqula
• Anemia eyingozi
• vitiligo

Yintoni ebangela umntu ome?

Isizathu ngqo se-SPS asaziwa. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba yimfuza.

Unokuba usengozini enkulu yokuphuhlisa i-syndrome ukuba wena okanye umntu osapho lwakho unolunye uhlobo lwesifo sokuzimela. Oku kubandakanya:

• uhlobo lwe-1 kunye ne-2 yeswekile
• Anemia eyingozi
• irheumatoid Arthritis
• idlala lengqula
• vitiligo

Ngenxa yezizathu ezingaziwayo, izifo ezizimelayo zihlasela izicubu ezisempilweni emzimbeni. Nge-SPS, izicwili kwingqondo kunye nentambo yomqolo ziyachaphazeleka. Oku kubangela iimpawu ezisekwe kwizicubu ezihlaselweyo.

I-SPS yenza ii-antibodies ezihlasela iiproteni kwii-neurons zengqondo ezilawula iintshukumo zemisipha. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba yi-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GAD).

I-SPS idla ngokwenzeka kubantu abadala abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-30 nama-60. Iphindwe kabini kunabafazi xa kuthelekiswa namadoda.

Sichongwa njani isifo somntu oqinileyo?

Ukuchonga i-SPS, ugqirha wakho uya kujonga imbali yakho yezonyango kwaye enze uvavanyo lomzimba.

Ukuvavanya kubalulekile. Okokuqala, uvavanyo lwegazi lunokulawulwa ukufumana i-GAD antibodies. Wonke umntu one-SPS akanazo ezi ntsholongwane. Nangona kunjalo, ukuya kuthi ga kwiipesenti ezingama-80 zabantu abaphila ne-SPS.

Ugqirha wakho unokuyalela kuvavanyo lokuvavanywa olubizwa ngokuba yi-electromyography (EMG) ukulinganisa umsebenzi wombane wemisipha. Ugqirha wakho unokuyalela i-MRI okanye i-lumbar puncture.

I-SPS inokuchongwa kunye nesifo sokuwa. Ngamanye amaxesha iphosakele ngenxa yezinye iingxaki zemithambo-luvo, ezinjenge-multiple sclerosis (MS) kunye nesifo sika-Parkinson.

Sinyangwa njani isifo somntu oqinileyo?

Akukho lunyango lwe-SPS. Nangona kunjalo, unyango lukhona ukukunceda ulawule iimpawu zakho. Unyango lunokumisa imeko ekubeni mandundu. Ukudumba kwemisipha kunye nokuqina kunokunyangwa ngeyeza elinye okanye nangaphezulu:

• Baclofen, isikhulisi semisipha.
• IiBenzodiazepines, ezinje nge diazepam (Valium) okanye i-clonazepam (iKlonopin). La mayeza ayayekelela izihlunu zakho kwaye ancede ngexhala. Amanqanaba aphezulu ala mayeza ahlala esetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukuphazamiseka kwemisipha.
• IGabapentin luhlobo lweziyobisi ezisetyenziselwa iintlungu zemithambo-luvo kunye nokuxhuzula.
• Izihlunu zezihluli.
• Amayeza entlungu.
• Tiagabine Iyeza lokuthintela ukuxhuzula.

Abanye abantu abane-SPS baye bafumana ukukhululeka kwempawu nge:

• Ukufakelwa ngokutsha kweseli ye-Autologous yinkqubo apho iiseli zomongo wegazi kunye nomongo wethambo ziqokelelwa kwaye ziphindaphindwe ngaphambi kokuba ubuyele emzimbeni wakho. Olu lonyango lonyango oluthathelwa ingqalelo kuphela emva kokuba olunye unyango lusilele.
• I-immunoglobin efakwa ngaphakathi inokunciphisa inani lamajoni omzimba ahlasela izicwili ezisempilweni.
• IPlasmapheresis yinkqubo apho iplasma yakho ithengiswa ngeplasma entsha ukunciphisa inani lamajoni omzimba emzimbeni.
• Olunye ugonyo njenge rituximab.

Ukudakumba, njengokukhetha i-serotonin reuptake inhibitors (i-SSRIs) inokunceda ngoxinzelelo kunye noxinzelelo. I-Zoloft, i-Prozac kunye ne-Paxil ziphakathi kweempawu ugqirha anokucebisa ngazo. Ukufumana uphawu olufanelekileyo kuhlala kuthatha inkqubo yovavanyo kunye nephutha.

Ukongeza kumayeza, ugqirha wakho unokukuthumela kunyangi. Unyango lomzimba kuphela alunakunyanga i-SPS. Nangona kunjalo, ukuzilolonga kunokunceda kakhulu:

• impilo-ntle ngokweemvakalelo
• ukuhamba
• ukuzimela
• intlungu
• isimo
• Umsebenzi wemihla ngemihla
• Uluhlu lokuhamba

Kuxhomekeka ekubeni zibuhlungu kangakanani iimpawu zakho, ugqirha wakho ngokwasemzimbeni uya kukukhokela ngokuhamba nokuzilolonga. Ngoncedo lwegqirha lakho, unokukwazi nokuziqhelanisa nokunyakaza ekhaya.

Iyintoni imbonakalo yesifo somntu onzima?

Ukuba uhlala nale meko, ulungele ukuwa ngenxa yokunqongophala kozinzo kunye nengqondo. Oku kunokunyusa umngcipheko wokulimala kakhulu kunye nokukhubazeka okusisigxina.

Kwezinye iimeko, i-SPS inokuqhubela phambili kwaye isasaze nakwezinye iindawo zomzimba wakho.

Akukho lunyango lwe-SPS. Nangona kunjalo, unyango lukhona ukukunceda ulawule iimpawu zakho. Umbono wakho ngokubanzi uxhomekeke kwindlela esebenza ngayo isicwangciso sakho sonyango.

Wonke umntu uluphendula ngendlela eyahlukileyo unyango. Abanye abantu baphendula kakuhle kumayeza kunye nonyango lomzimba, ngelixa abanye bengaphenduli kakuhle kunyango.

Xoxa ngeempawu zakho nogqirha wakho. Kubaluleke ngakumbi ukuxoxa ngazo naziphi na iimpawu ezintsha ohlangabezana nazo okanye ukuba awuboni naluphi na uphuculo. Olu lwazi lunokubanceda bathathe isigqibo ngesicwangciso sonyango esisebenza kakuhle kuwe.