Yonke into ekufuneka uyazi malunga neStrowuku

Umxholo

• Iimpawu zestroke
• Iimpawu zestroke kwabasetyhini
• Iimpawu zestroke emadodeni
• Iintlobo zestroke
• Ischemic stroke
• Ukubethwa ngumzimba
• Ukuhlaselwa kweschemic okwethutyana (TIA)
• Isifo esibuhlungu
• Yintoni ebangela ukubetha?
• Imiba yomngcipheko wokubetha
• Ukutya
• Ukungasebenzi
• Ukusetyenziswa kotywala
• Ukusetyenziswa kwecuba
• Imvelaphi yobuqu
• Imbali yezempilo
• Ukuchongwa kwesifo
• Uvavanyo lokufumanisa imivumbo
• Uvavanyo lwegazi
• Ukuskena iMRI kunye neCT
• EKG
• I-angiogram yeCerebral
• Icarotid ultrasound
• Echocardiogram
• Unyango lwestroke
• Ischemic stroke kunye neTIA
• Antiplatelet kunye anticoagulants
• Iziyobisi eziqhekezayo
• I-thrombectomy yoomatshini
• Isenti
• Ugqirha
• Isifo esibuhlungu
• Amayeza
• Ukubumba
• Ukubotshwa
• Ugqirha
• Amayeza okubetha
• Ukuchacha kwistroke
• Unyango lwentetho
• Unyango lwengqondo
• Ukufumanisa kwakhona izakhono zemizwa
• Ulungiso lwenyama
• Indlela yokuthintela ukubetha
• Ukuthatha

Yintoni iStrowuku?

Ukubetha kwenzeka xa umthambo wegazi kwingqondo uqhekeka kwaye wopha, okanye xa kukho ukubhloka kunikezelo lwegazi kwingqondo. Ukuqhekeka okanye ukubhloka kuthintela igazi kunye neoksijini ekufikeleleni kwizicwili zobuchopho.

Ngokutsho kwamaZiko okuLawula nokuLawulwa kwezifo (i-CDC), ukubetha kuyimbangela yokufa e-United States. Unyaka ngamnye, ngaphezu kwabantu base-US banesifo.

Ngaphandle kweoksijini, iiseli zobuchopho kunye nezicubu ziyonakala kwaye ziqala ukufa kwimizuzu nje engephi. Jonga ngokuchanekileyo indlela ukubetha komzimba.

Iimpawu zestroke

Ukuphulukana nokuhamba kwegazi ukuya kwingqondo konakalisa izicwili ngaphakathi kwengqondo. Iimpawu zestroke zibonisa kwiindawo zomzimba ezilawulwa ziindawo ezonakeleyo zobuchopho.

Ngokukhawuleza ukuba umntu ophethwe yistroke afumane ukhathalelo, kokukhona iziphumo ziya kuba ngcono. Ngesi sizathu, kuyanceda ukwazi iimpawu zestroke ukuze ukwazi ukwenza ngokukhawuleza. Iimpawu zestroke zingabandakanya:

• ukukhubazeka
• Ukuba ndindisholo okanye ubuthathaka engalweni, ebusweni nasemlenzeni, ngakumbi kwicala elinye lomzimba
• ukuthetha ingxaki okanye ukuqonda intetho
• ukudideka
• intetho etyibilikayo
• iingxaki zombono, ezinje ngengxaki yokubona kwelinye okanye omabini amehlo ngombono mnyama okanye ukungaboni kakuhle, okanye umbono ophindwe kabini
• ingxaki yokuhamba
• ukulahleka kwemali eseleyo okanye yokulungelelanisa
• isiyezi
• kakhulu, intloko ebuhlungu ngesiquphe ngesizathu esingaziwayo

Ukuhlaselwa sisibetho kufuna unyango kwangoko. Ukuba ucinga ukuba wena okanye omnye umntu unesifo, kufuneka umntu abize u-911 kwangoko. Unyango olukhawulezileyo ngundoqo ekuthinteleni ezi ziphumo zilandelayo:

• ukulimala kwengqondo
• ukukhubazeka ixesha elide
• ukufa

Kungcono ukhuseleke kunokuba ube buhlungu xa ujongene nokubetha, ungoyiki ukubiza u-911 ukuba ucinga ukuba uyaziqonda iimpawu zestroke. Yenza umthetho ngokukhawuleza kwaye ufunde ukuqaphela iimpawu zestroke.

Iimpawu zestroke kwabasetyhini

Ukubethwa ngunobangela wokufa kwabafazi base-US. Abasetyhini banomngcipheko wobomi obuphezulu wokuhlaselwa sistroke kunamadoda.

Ngelixa ezinye iimpawu zestroke ziyafana kwabasetyhini nakumadoda, ezinye zixhaphake kakhulu kwabasetyhini.

Iimpawu zokubetha ezenzeka rhoqo kubasetyhini zibandakanya:

• isicaphucaphu okanye ukugabha
• ukubona izinto ezingekhoyo
• intlungu
• ubuthathaka ngokubanzi
• ukuphefumla kancinci okanye unengxaki yokuphefumla
• ukuwa isiqaqa okanye ukulahlekelwa yingqondo
• ukuxhuzula
• ukudideka, ukudideka, okanye ukusilela ekuphenduleni
• utshintsho olukhawulezileyo lokuziphatha, ngakumbi ukonyuka kokuphazamiseka

Abasetyhini banamathuba okuba babhubhe kunamadoda, ngenxa yoko kubalulekile ukuba ukwazi ukubona isifo ngokukhawuleza. Funda ngakumbi malunga nokuqonda iimpawu zokubetha kwabasetyhini.

Iimpawu zestroke emadodeni

Stroke ngunobangela wokufa emadodeni. Amadoda asengozini yokuhlaselwa sistroke kwiminyaka yabo yobutsha kunabasetyhini, kodwa kunqabile ukuba bafe kuyo, ngokuka.

Amadoda nabasetyhini banokuba neempawu ezifanayo kunye neempawu zestroke (jonga ngasentla). Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iimpawu zestroke zenzeka rhoqo emadodeni. Oku kubandakanya:

• ukujinga kwelinye icala lobuso okanye uncumo olungalinganiyo
• intetho engacacanga, kunzima ukuthetha, kunye nengxaki yokuqonda enye intetho
• ubuthathaka bengalo okanye ubuthathaka bemisipha kwelinye icala lomzimba

Ngelixa ezinye iimpawu zinokwahluka phakathi kwamadoda nabasetyhini, kubalulekile ngokufanayo ukuba bobabini bakwazi ukubona ukubetha ngaphambi kwexesha kwaye bafumane uncedo. Funda ngakumbi malunga neempawu zestroke emadodeni.

Iintlobo zestroke

Ukubethwa kukuwela ngokwamanqanaba amathathu aphambili: ukuhlaselwa yischemic okwethutyana (i-TIA), ukubetha kweschemic, kunye nokubetha okuqaqambayo. Ezi ndidi ziphinde zahlulwa zibe zezinye iintlobo zemivumbo, kubandakanya:

• ukubetha okungumfanekiso
• ukubetha kwentliziyo
• ukubetha kwangaphakathi
• ukubetha okungaphantsi kwesarachnoid

Uhlobo lwe-stroke oluchaphazele unyango kunye nenkqubo yokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo. Funda ngakumbi malunga neendidi ezahlukeneyo zemivumbo.

Ischemic stroke

Ngexesha le-ischemic stroke, imithambo ehambisa igazi kwingqondo inciphile okanye ivaleke. Oku kubhloka kubangelwa kukugungxwa kwegazi okanye ukuhamba kwegazi okuncitshiswe kakhulu. Zingabangelwa ngamaqhekeza e-plaque ngenxa ye-atherosclerosis eqhekezayo kunye nokuvimba isitya segazi.

Ezona ntlobo zimbini zixhaphakileyo zemivumbo yeschemic yi-thrombotic kunye ne-embolic. Ukubetha kwethrombotic kwenzeka xa iflokhwe yegazi yenzeka kwenye yeemithambo ezihambisa igazi kwingqondo. Ihlwili lidlula ekuhambeni kwegazi lize lingeniswe, elithintela ukuhamba kwegazi. Ukubetha okungamazinyo kuxa igazi lijiyile okanye enye inkunkuma yenzeka kwelinye ilungu lomzimba lize liye kwingqondo.

Ngokwe-CDC, imivumbo yimivumbo ye-ischemic. Fumanisa ukuba kutheni imivumbo yeschemic isenzeka.

Ukubethwa ngumzimba

Ukubethwa ngomzimba yenye yeendlela ezimbini zokubetha kweschemic. Kwenzeka xa i-clot yegazi ifaka kwelinye ilungu lomzimba-kaninzi intliziyo okanye imithambo kwisifuba nasentanyeni-kwaye ihamba ngokuhamba kwegazi ukuya kwingqondo. Ihlwili liyaxinga kwimithambo yobuchopho, apho iyeka ukuhamba kwegazi kwaye ibangele ukubetha.

Ukubetha okungafunekiyo kunokuba sisiphumo sentliziyo. I-Atrial fibrillation, uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lokubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga, inokubangela ukuba igazi likhule entliziyweni. Ezi zihlwili zisenokukhupha kwaye zihambe ngegazi nasezingqondweni. Funda ngakumbi malunga nendlela eyenzeka ngayo imivumbo kunye neempawu ezinokubangela.

Ukuhlaselwa kweschemic okwethutyana (TIA)

Uhlaselo lwexeshana lwe-ischemic, oluhlala lubizwa ngokuba yi-TIA okanye i-ministroke, lwenzeka xa ukuphuma kwegazi kwingqondo kuvaliwe okwethutyana. Iimpawu, ezifanayo nezo zesifo esipheleleyo, zihlala zisesikhashana kwaye zinyamalale emva kwemizuzu embalwa okanye iiyure.

I-TIA ihlala ibangelwa ligazi. Isebenza njengesilumkiso sokubetha okuzayo, ungayihoyi i-TIA. Funa unyango olufanayo onokulufumana kwisifo esikhulu kwaye ubize u-911.

Ngokwe-CDC, yabantu abafumana i-TIA kwaye bangafumani unyango banesifo esikhulu kwisithuba esingangonyaka. Ukuya kuthi ga kubantu abanamava e-TIA bane-stroke esikhulu ngaphakathi kweenyanga ezintathu. Nantsi indlela yokuqonda i-TIAs kunye nendlela yokuthintela ukubethwa sisibetho esibi ngakumbi kwixesha elizayo.

Isifo esibuhlungu

Isibetho esophulayo senzeka xa umthambo kwingqondo uqhekeka uvule okanye uvuza igazi. Igazi eliphuma kuloo mithambo lidala uxinzelelo olukhulu kukhakhayi kwaye lidumbe ingqondo, lonakalise iiseli zengqondo kunye nezicubu.

Ezi ntlobo zimbini zemivumbo eyophayo yi-intracerebral kunye ne-subarachnoid. I-stroke ye-intracerebral hemorrhagic, uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwesifo esibuhlungu, senzeka xa izicubu ezijikeleze ingqondo zigcwalisa igazi emva kokuba kuqhume umthambo. I-subarachnoid hemorrhagic stroke ayiqhelekanga. Kubangela ukopha kwindawo phakathi kwengqondo kunye nezicubu ezizigqumayo.

Ngokwe-American Heart Association, malunga neepesenti ezili-13 zestroke zi-hemorrhagic. Funda ngakumbi malunga nonobangela wesifo esibuhlungu, kunye nonyango kunye nothintelo.

Yintoni ebangela ukubetha?

Unobangela wesibetho uxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesifo. Ezona ntlobo zintathu ziphambili zestroke kukuhlaselwa kweeschemic okwethutyana (TIA), ischemic stroke, kunye nesifo esibuhlungu.

I-TIA ibangelwa kukuvaleka okwethutyana kwimithambo ekhokelela kwingqondo. Ukuvaleka, ngesiqhelo ligazi eligcina igazi, kumisa igazi lingaphumi liye kwiindawo ezithile zobuchopho. I-TIA ihlala ihlala okwemizuzu embalwa ukuya kwiiyure ezimbalwa, emva koko ukubhloka kuhamba kunye nokuhamba kwegazi kuyabuyiselwa.

Njenge-TIA, ukubetha kweschemic kubangelwa kukuvaleka kwimithambo ekhokelela kwingqondo. Olu vimba lunokuba ligazi, okanye kunokubangelwa yi-atherosclerosis. Ngale meko, i-plaque (into enamafutha) iyakha ezindongeni zesitya segazi. Iqhekeza le-plaque linokuqhekeka lize lilale emithanjeni, livimbe ukuhamba kwegazi kwaye libangele ukubetha kweschemic.

Isifo esophulayo, kwelinye icala, sibangelwa kukugqabhuka okanye ukuphuma kwegazi. Igazi lingena ngaphakathi okanye lijikeleze izicwili zobuchopho, zibangele uxinzelelo kunye nokonakalisa iiseli zengqondo.

Kukho izizathu ezibini ezinokubangela ukubetha kwesifo. I-aneurysm (indawo ebuthathaka, ebumbeneyo yomthambo wegazi) inokubangelwa luxinzelelo lwegazi kwaye inokukhokelela kuqhume lwegazi. Ngaphantsi kaninzi, imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-arteriovenous malformation, enxibelelene ngokungaqhelekanga phakathi kwemithambo kunye nemithambo, inokukhokelela ekuphumeni kwengqondo. Qhubeka ufunda malunga noonobangela beentlobo ezahlukeneyo zemivumbo.

Imiba yomngcipheko wokubetha

Imingcipheko ethile ikwenza ukuba ube sesichengeni sokubethwa. Ngokwe, ubungozi obuninzi onabo, kokukhona kunokwenzeka ukuba ube nesifo. Imiba yomngcipheko wokubetha ibandakanya:

Ukutya

Ukutya okungenampilo okwandisa umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa sisifo kukuphakamileyo:

• ityuwa
• Amafutha azele
• amafutha
• icholesterol

Ukungasebenzi

Ukungasebenzi, okanye ukungabikho kokuzivocavoca, kunokuphakamisa umngcipheko we-stroke.

Ukuzilolonga rhoqo kunezibonelelo ezininzi zempilo. I-CDC icebisa ukuba abantu abadala bafumane ubuncinci bomthambo we-aerobic veki nganye. Oku kunokuthetha nje ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza amaxesha ambalwa ngeveki.

Ukusetyenziswa kotywala

Umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa sisifo uyonyuka ukuba usela utywala kakhulu. Ukusetyenziswa kotywala kufuneka kwenziwe ngokumodareyitha. Oku kuthetha ukuba akukho ngaphezulu kwesiselo esinye ngemini kubafazi, kwaye kungabikho ngaphezulu kwamabini emadodeni. Ngaphezu koko kunokunyusa amanqanaba oxinzelelo lwegazi kunye namanqanaba e-triglyceride, anokubangela i-atherosclerosis.

Ukusetyenziswa kwecuba

Ukusebenzisa icuba nangayiphi na indlela kukonyusa umngcipheko wokufa icala, kuba oko kunokonakalisa imithambo yegazi kunye nentliziyo yakho. Oku kuyonyuswa ngakumbi xa utshaya, kuba uxinzelelo lwegazi lwakho luyonyuka xa usebenzisa inicotine.

Imvelaphi yobuqu

Kukho imingcipheko ethile yobuqu yesibetho ongakwaziyo ukuyilawula. Umngcipheko westroke unokudibaniswa ne:

• Imbali yosapho. Umngcipheko westroke uphezulu kwezinye iintsapho ngenxa yemicimbi yezempilo yemfuza, enje ngegazi.
• Ukwabelana ngesondo. Ngokuka, ngelixa abasetyhini kunye nabesilisa banokuba nemivumbo, zixhaphake kakhulu kwabasetyhini kunamadoda kuwo onke amaqela eminyaka.
• Ubudala. Umdala wena, kunokwenzeka ukuba ube ne-stroke.
• Uhlanga nobuhlanga. I-Caucasians, i-Asia yaseMelika, kunye ne-Hispanics akunakufane kwenzeke ukuba babe nesifo sokubethwa kunama-Afrika aseMelika, ama-Alaska Natives kunye namaNdiya aseMelika.

Imbali yezempilo

Ezinye iimeko zonyango zinxulunyaniswa nomngcipheko wokubetha. Oku kubandakanya:

• ukubetha kwangaphambili okanye i-TIA
• igazi elonyukayo
• cholesterol ephezulu
• ukuphazamiseka kwentliziyo, njengesifo semithambo yegazi
• iziphene valve intliziyo
• andise amagumbi entliziyo kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga
• isifo serhengqa
• isifo seswekile

Ukufumanisa malunga nemingcipheko ethile yokubetha, xela ugqirha wakho. Okwangoku, khangela ukuba unokwenza ntoni ukunciphisa umngcipheko wesifo.

Ukuchongwa kwesifo

Ugqirha wakho uya kukubuza okanye ilungu losapho malunga neempawu zakho kunye nokuba ubusenza ntoni xa bevela. Baza kuthatha imbali yakho yezonyango ukuze bafumane umngcipheko wobetho lwakho. Kananjalo baya:

• buza amayeza owathathayo
• jonga uxinzelelo lwegazi
• Mamela intliziyo yakho

Uya kuba novavanyo lomzimba, apho ugqirha aya kuvavanya:

• ibhalansi
• ulungelelaniso
• ubuthathaka
• Ukuba ndindisholo ezingalweni, ebusweni, okanye emilenzeni
• imiqondiso yokudideka
• imiba yombono

Ugqirha wakho uya kuthi emva koko enze iimvavanyo ezithile. Iindidi zovavanyo zisetyenziselwa ukunceda ekufumaneni isifo. Ezi mvavanyo zinokunceda oogqirha bagqibe:

• ukuba unestroke
• inokuba ibangelwe yintoni
• leliphi icandelo lobuchopho elichaphazeleka
• nokopha ebuchotsheni

Olu vavanyo lunokumisela ukuba iimpawu zakho zibangelwa yenye into.

Uvavanyo lokufumanisa imivumbo

Unokuya kuvavanyo olwahlukeneyo ukuze uqhubeke nokunceda ugqirha wakho ukuba abone ukuba unestroke, okanye ukhuphe enye imeko. Olu vavanyo lubandakanya:

Uvavanyo lwegazi

Ugqirha wakho unokutsala igazi kuvavanyo lwegazi. Uvavanyo lwegazi lunokumisela:

• amanqanaba eswekile yegazi lakho
• ukuba unesifo
• amanqanaba eplatelet yakho
• lingxama kangakanani igazi lakho

Ukuskena iMRI kunye neCT

Unokungena okanye zombini ukuskena ngemagneti yokujonga umfanekiso (MRI) kunye nekhompyuter ye-tomography (CT).

I-MRI iyakunceda ubone ukuba ngaba kukho naziphi na izicwili zobuchopho okanye iiseli zengqondo ezonakalisiweyo. Iskena se-CT siza kunika umfanekiso ocacileyo kunye ocacileyo wengqondo yakho obonisa nakuphi na ukopha okanye ukonakala kwengqondo. Ingabonisa nezinye iimeko zobuchopho ezinokubangela iimpawu zakho.

EKG

Ugqirha wakho angayalela i-electrocardiogram (EKG), nayo. Olu vavanyo lulula lurekhoda umsebenzi wombane entliziyweni, ukulinganisa isingqisho kunye nokurekhoda indlela ebetha ngayo ngokukhawuleza. Inokumisela ukuba ngaba unazo naziphi na iimeko zentliziyo ezinokuthi zikhokelele ekubethweni, njengokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo kwangaphambili okanye i-atrial fibrillation.

I-angiogram yeCerebral

Olunye uvavanyo ugqirha wakho angayalela ukuba achonge ukuba ngaba unestroke yi-angiogram yecerebral. Oku kubonelela ngenkangeleko eneenkcukacha kwimithambo esentanyeni nasengqondweni. Uvavanyo lunokubonisa ukuvaleka okanye amahlwili anokubangela iimpawu.

Icarotid ultrasound

I-carotid ultrasound, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-carotid duplex scan, inokubonisa i-fatty deposits (i-plaque) kwimithambo yakho ye-carotid, enikezela ngegazi ebusweni bakho, entanyeni nasezingqondweni. Ingabonisa nokuba imithambo yakho ye-carotid incitshisiwe okanye ivaliwe.

Echocardiogram

I-echocardiogram inokufumana imithombo yamahlwili entliziyweni yakho. Ezi zihlwili zisenokuba ziye kwingqondo yakho kwaye zabangela ukubetha.

Unyango lwestroke

Ukuvavanywa okufanelekileyo kwezonyango kunye nokunyanga ngokukhawuleza kubalulekile ekubuyiseni kwi-stroke. Ngokwe-American Heart Association, "Ixesha elilahlekileyo liphulukene nengqondo." Shayela u-911 ngokukhawuleza xa uqaphela ukuba unokuba nesifo, okanye ukuba ukrokrela ukuba umntu obathandayo unesifo.

Unyango lwe-stroke luxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesifo:

Ischemic stroke kunye neTIA

Ezi ntlobo zestroke zibangelwa ligazi okanye kukuvaleka kwengqondo. Ngeso sizathu, baphathwa ikakhulu ngeendlela ezifanayo, ezibandakanya:

Antiplatelet kunye anticoagulants

I-aspirin engaphezulu kwe-counter ihlala iyindlela yokuqala yokuzikhusela ekonakaleni kwestroke. Amachiza e-anticoagulant kunye ne-antiplatelet kufuneka athathwe ngaphakathi kwe-24 ukuya kwiiyure ezingama-48 emva kokuqala kweempawu zokubetha.

Iziyobisi eziqhekezayo

Amachiza e-Thrombolytic anokuqhekeza amahlwili egazi kwimithambo yengqondo yakho, eqhubeka iyeka ukubetha nokunciphisa ukonakala kwengqondo.

Elinye lala machiza, izicubu zeplasminogen activator (tPA), okanye iAlteplase IV r-tPA, ithathwa njengomgangatho wegolide kunyango lwe-ischemic stroke. Isebenza ngokusombulula amahlwili egazi ngokukhawuleza, ukuba kusiwa kwiiyure zokuqala ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-4.5 emva kokuqala kweempawu zokubetha kwakho. Abantu abafumana inaliti ye-tPA kunokwenzeka ukuba bachache kwisibetho, kwaye kunqabile ukuba babenako nakuphi na ukukhubazeka okungapheliyo ngenxa yesifo.

I-thrombectomy yoomatshini

Ngexesha lale nkqubo, ugqirha ufaka i-catheter kwisitya esikhulu segazi ngaphakathi kwentloko yakho. Baye basebenzise isixhobo ukukhupha ihlwili ngaphandle kwenqanawa. Olu tyando luphumelela kakhulu ukuba lwenziwe kwiiyure ezingama-6 ukuya kwezi-24 emva kokuqala kwesibetho.

Isenti

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ufumanisa apho udonga lwe-artery lubuthathaka khona, banokwenza inkqubo yokufaka i-artery encinci kunye nokuxhasa iindonga ze-artery nge-stent.

Ugqirha

Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo ezinye iindlela zonyango ezingasebenziyo, ugqirha wakho unokwenza utyando ukususa i-clot yegazi kunye namacwecwe kwimithambo yakho. Oku kunokwenziwa nge-catheter, okanye ukuba ihlwili likhulu kakhulu, ugqirha wakho unokuvula umthambo ukususa ukucinywa.

Isifo esibuhlungu

Imivumbo ebangelwe kukuphuma kwegazi okanye ukuvuza kwengqondo kufuna iindlela ezahlukileyo zonyango. Unyango lwesifo esibuhlungu siquka:

Amayeza

Ngokungafaniyo nestroke se-ischemic, ukuba unesifo esibuhlungu, injongo yonyango kukwenza igazi lakho lijiye. Ke ngoko, unokunikwa amayeza okuthintela nakuphi na ukuthoba igazi.

Unokumiselwa kwakhona iziyobisi ezinokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi, ukunciphisa uxinzelelo kwingqondo yakho, ukuthintela ukuxhamla, nokukhusela ukukhutshwa kwemithambo yegazi.

Ukubumba

Ngexesha lale nkqubo, ugqirha wakho ukhokela ityhubhu ende kwindawo yokopha okanye ebuthathaka umthambo wegazi. Emva koko bafaka isixhobo esifana nekhoyili kwindawo apho udonga lwemithambo lubuthathaka. Oku kuthintela ukuhamba kwegazi kule ndawo, kunciphisa ukopha.

Ukubotshwa

Ngexesha lovavanyo lokucinga, ugqirha wakho unokufumana i-aneurysm engakaqali ukopha okwangoku okanye eyekile. Ukuthintela ukopha okongezelelekileyo, ugqirha unokubeka uqinisa oluncinci kwisiseko se-aneurysm. Oku kunciphisa ukunikezelwa kwegazi kwaye kuthintela ukuba kuphuke umthambo wegazi okanye ukopha ngokutsha.

Ugqirha

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ubona ukuba i-aneurysm iqhume, banokwenza utyando ukucofa i-aneurysm kunye nokuthintela ukopha okungaphezulu. Ngokufanayo, i-craniotomy inokufuneka ukuze kuncitshiswe uxinzelelo kwingqondo emva kokubetha kakhulu.

Ukongeza kunyango olungxamisekileyo, ababoneleli ngezempilo baya kukucebisa ngeendlela zokuthintela ukubetha okuzayo. Ngaba ufuna ukufunda okungakumbi malunga nonyango kunye neendlela zokuthintela? Cofa apha.

Amayeza okubetha

Amayeza aliqela asetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukubetha. Uhlobo ugqirha oluyalelayo luxhomekeka ikakhulu kuhlobo lwesifo onaso. Injongo yamanye amayeza kukuthintela ukubetha kwesibini, ngelixa ezinye zijolise ekuthinteleni ukubetha kungenzeki kwindawo yokuqala.

Amachiza aqhelekileyo aquka:

• I-activator ye-Tissue plasminogen (tPA). Olu nyango lwexesha likaxakeka lunokubonelelwa ngexesha lokubetha ukuze kuqhekezwe igazi eligalekileyo elibangela ukubetha. Yiyo kuphela amayeza akhoyo okwangoku anokukwenza oku, kodwa kufuneka inikwe kwisithuba seeyure ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-4.5 emva kokuqala kweempawu zestroke. Eli chiza lifakwe kwisitya segazi ukuze iyeza liqale ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza okukhulu, nto leyo enciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki ezivela kwistroke.
• Iintsholongwane. Ezi ziyobisi zinciphisa amandla egazi lakho ekugubungeleni. Eyona anticoagulant ixhaphakileyo yi-warfarin (Jantoven, Coumadin). La machiza anokuthintela amahlwili egazi asele ekhulile, yiyo loo nto enokuthi amiselwe ukuthintela ukubetha, okanye emva kokubetha kweschemic okanye i-TIA.
• Iziyobisi Antiplatelet. La mayeza athintela amahlwili egazi ngokwenza kube nzima ngakumbi ukuba iiplatelets zegazi zincamathele. Amachiza aqhelekileyo e-antiplatelet abandakanya i-aspirin kunye ne-clopidogrel (Plavix). Zingasetyenziselwa ukuthintela ukubetha kwe-ischemic kwaye kubaluleke kakhulu ekuthinteleni ukubetha kwesibini. Ukuba awuzange ube ne-stroke ngaphambili, kufuneka usebenzise kuphela i-aspirin njengeyeza lokuthintela ukuba unobungozi obukhulu besifo se-atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (umzekelo, ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo kunye nokuhlaselwa yintlungu) kunye nomngcipheko ophantsi wokuphuma kwegazi.
• Iingxelo. Iitatins, ezinceda ekunciphiseni amanqanaba aphezulu e-cholesterol egazini, aphakathi kwamayeza aseMelika. La machiza athintela ukuveliswa kwe-enzyme enokuthi iguqule icholesterol ibe lucwecwe- into ejiyileyo, encangathi enokwakha kwiindonga zemithambo kwaye ibangele ukubetha nokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya i-rosuvastatin (Crestor), i-simvastatin (iZocor), kunye ne-atorvastatin (Lipitor).
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi iziyobisi. Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunokubangela ukuba iziqwenga zeplaki zakhiwe kwimithambo yakho. Ezi ziqwenga zingavimba imithambo, ibangele ukubetha. Ngenxa yoko, ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunokunceda ukuthintela ukubetha.

Ugqirha wakho unokukunika elinye okanye nangaphezulu kula machiza ukunyanga okanye ukuthintela ukubetha, ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezinje ngembali yezempilo kunye nomngcipheko wakho. Kukho amayeza amaninzi asetyenziselwa ukunyanga nokukhusela ukubetha, jonga uluhlu olupheleleyo apha.

Ukuchacha kwistroke

IStroke ngoyena nobangela uphambili wokukhubazeka ixesha elide eMelika. Nangona kunjalo, uMbutho weSizwe weStroke uxela ukuba iipesenti ezili-10 zabasindileyo baphila ngokukhawuleza, ngelixa elinye iipesenti ezingama-25 ziphinda ziphinde ziphazamiseke.

Kubalulekile ukuba ukubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo kunye nokuvuselelwa kwimeko yesiqalo ukuqala ngokukhawuleza. Ngapha koko, ukubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo kufuneka kuqale esibhedlele. Kulapho, iqela lokhathalelo linokuzinzisa imeko yakho, livavanye iziphumo zestroke, lichonge izizathu, kwaye liqalise unyango ukukunceda uphinde ufumane ezinye zezakhono zakho ezichaphazelekayo.

Ukubuyiselwa kwesibetho kugxile kwiindawo ezine eziphambili:

Unyango lwentetho

Ukubethwa sisifo kunokubangela ukungakwazi ukuthetha nokuthetha kakubi. Ingcali yezentetho kunye neyolwimi iya kusebenza nawe ukuze uphinde ufunde indlela yokuthetha. Okanye, ukuba ufumanisa ukuba ukunxibelelana ngomlomo kunzima emva kokubetha, baya kukunceda ufumane iindlela ezintsha zonxibelelwano.

Unyango lwengqondo

Emva kokubethwa sistroke, uninzi lwabasindileyo luneenguqu kwindlela abacinga ngayo nakwizakhono zokuqiqa. Oku kunokubangela utshintsho kwimo yokuziphatha nakwimood. Ingcali kwezomsebenzi inokukunceda usebenze kwakhona kwiindlela zakho zangaphambili zokucinga kunye nokuziphatha kunye nokulawula iimpendulo zakho zeemvakalelo.

Ukufumanisa kwakhona izakhono zemizwa

Ukuba inxenye yengqondo yakho edlulisa imiqondiso yeemvakalelo iyachaphazeleka ngexesha lokubetha, unokufumanisa ukuba izivamvo zakho “zenziwe buthuntu” okanye azisebenzi. Oko kunokuthetha ukuba awuziva kakuhle izinto, ezinje ngeqondo lobushushu, uxinzelelo, okanye iintlungu. Ingcali inokukunceda ufunde ukulungelelanisa noku kunqongophala kwemvakalelo.

Ulungiso lwenyama

Ithoni yemisipha kunye namandla zinokubuthathaka ngesibetho, kwaye unokufumanisa ukuba awunako ukuhambisa umzimba wakho njengoko wawunakho ngaphambili. Ingcali yonyango iya kusebenza nawe ukubuyisela amandla kunye nokulinganisela kwakho, kwaye ufumane iindlela zokuhlengahlengisa nakuphi na ukusikelwa umda.

Ukubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo kunokwenzeka kwiklinikhi yokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo, kwikhaya labanyamekela abantu abanezakhono, okanye kwikhaya lakho. Nantsi into onokuyilindela ngexesha lenkqubo yokubuyisela ukubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo.

Indlela yokuthintela ukubetha

Unokuthatha amanyathelo okunceda ukuthintela ukubetha ngokuphila ngendlela esempilweni. Oku kubandakanya la manyathelo alandelayo:

• Yeka ukutshaya. Ukuba uyatshaya, ukuyeka ngoku kuya kuwunciphisa umngcipheko wokubetha.
• Sela utywala ngokumodareyitha. Ukuba usela kakhulu, zama ukunciphisa indlela otya ngayo. Ukusetyenziswa kotywala kunokunyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi.
• Gcina ubunzima phantsi. Gcina ubunzima bakho kwinqanaba elisempilweni. Ukutyeba kakhulu okanye ukutyeba kakhulu kwandisa umngcipheko westroke. Ukukunceda ukulawula ubunzima bakho:
  • Yitya ukutya okugcwele iziqhamo kunye nemifuno.
  • Yitya ukutya okuphantsi kwi-cholesterol, amafutha athambileyo, kunye namafutha apheleleyo.
  • Hlala usebenza ngokwasemzimbeni. Oku kuya kukunceda ugcine ubunzima obunempilo kunye nokunceda ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye namanqanaba e-cholesterol.
• Fumana uvavanyo. Hlala ngaphezulu kwimpilo yakho.Oku kuthetha ukufumana uvavanyo rhoqo kunye nokuhlala unxibelelana nogqirha wakho. Qiniseka ukuba uthatha la manyathelo alandelayo ukulawula impilo yakho:
  • Fumana i-cholesterol yakho kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi.
  • Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuguqula indlela ophila ngayo.
  • Xoxa ngamayeza akho kunye nogqirha wakho.
  • Jongana nazo naziphi na iingxaki zentliziyo onokuba unayo.
  • Ukuba unesifo seswekile, thabatha amanyathelo okuyilawula.

Ukuthatha onke la manyathelo kuya kukunceda ukubeke kwimeko entle ukunqanda ukubetha. Funda ngakumbi malunga nendlela onokuthintela ngayo ukubetha.

Ukuthatha

Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba uneempawu zestroke, kubalulekile ukuba ufumane unyango olungxamisekileyo. Amayeza okuqhekeza amayeza anokubonelelwa kuphela kwiiyure zokuqala emva kokuba kuqalile ukubonakaliswa kwesifo, kwaye unyango kwangoko yenye yezona ndlela zokunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki zexesha elide kunye nokukhubazeka.

Ukuthintela kunokwenzeka, nokuba uthintela ukubetha kokuqala okanye ukuzama ukuthintela umzuzwana. Amayeza anokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko wamahlwili egazi, akhokelela kwimivumbo. Sebenza nogqirha wakho ukufumana isicwangciso sothintelo esikusebenzelayo, kubandakanya nongenelelo lonyango kunye notshintsho kwindlela yokuphila.