I-Toxoplasmosis ekukhulelweni: iimpawu, umngcipheko kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu ze toxoplasmosis ngexesha lokukhulelwa
• Kwenzeka njani ungcoliseko
• Umngcipheko we-toxoplasmosis xa ukhulelwe
• Unyango kufuneka lube njani

I-Toxoplasmosis ekukhulelweni ihlala ingenasifo kwabasetyhini, nangona kunjalo inokubonisa umngcipheko emntwaneni, ngakumbi xa usulelo lwenzeka kwinyanga yesithathu yokukhulelwa, xa kulula ukuba i-parasite iwele isithintelo se-placental kwaye ifike emntwaneni. Nangona kunjalo, ezona ngxaki zinzima zenzeka xa usulelo lukhona kwinyanga yokuqala yokuqala yokukhulelwa, kulapho usana lukhula, ngamathuba okuba kukho ukungalunganga komntwana okanye ukukhupha isisu, umzekelo.

I-Toxoplasmosis sisifo esosulelayo esibangelwa sisidleleli Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), enokuhanjiswa kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo ngokudibana nomhlaba ongcolileyo, ukutya inyama engaphekwanga okanye engacocwanga kakuhle kwizilwanyana ezingcoliswe sisidleleli okanye ngokudibana okungakhuselekanga nelindle leekati ezosulelekileyo, kuba iikati ziindawo eziqhelekileyo zesidleleli kunye nosulelo kunokwenzeka ngokuphefumla ngexesha lokucocwa kwebhokisi yenkunkuma yekati, umzekelo.

Iimpawu ze toxoplasmosis ngexesha lokukhulelwa

Uninzi lwexesha, i-toxoplasmosis ayikhokeleli ekubonakaleni kweempawu kunye neempawu, nangona kunjalo, njengoko kuqhelekile ukuba abasetyhini banamajoni omzimba angasebenziyo xa ukhulelwe, ezinye iimpawu zinokubonwa, ezinje:

• Umkhuhlane ophantsi;
• Malaise;
• Iilwimi ezivuthayo, ngakumbi entanyeni;
• Intloko ebuhlungu.

Kubalulekile ukuba i-toxoplasmosis ekukhulelweni ifunyanwe ukuze unyango luqale ngokukhawuleza kwaye iingxaki zomntwana zithintelwe. Kungoko ke, kungekho zimpawu, kuyacetyiswa ukuba owasetyhini okhulelweyo enze iimvavanyo ukuze abonakalise esi sifunxi-gazi kwikota yokuqala neyesithathu yokukhulelwa, nokwenzeka ukuba ugqirha akhangele ukuba ngaba lo mfazi wosulelekile, unonxibelelwano nesifunxi-gazi okanye ufumene ukhuseleko.

Ukuba lo mfazi ufumaneke esosulelwe kutsha nje, kwaye mhlawumbi ngexa lokukhulelwa, ugqirha obelekisa umntwana angayalela uvavanyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-amniocentesis ukukhangela ukuba ingaba umntwana uchaphazelekile na okanye hayi. I-Ultrasonography ikwayimfuneko ukuvavanya ukuba ingaba umntwana uchaphazelekile, ngakumbi xa sele ekhulelwe.

Kwenzeka njani ungcoliseko

Ungcoliseko kunye Toxoplasma gondii kungenzeka ngokudibana nelindle lekati elingcoliswe sisidleleli okanye ngokusebenzisa amanzi angcolisekileyo okanye inyama eluhlaza okanye engaphekwanga kwizilwanyana ezisulelwe sisidleleli. T. gondii. Ukongeza, ungcoliseko lunokwenzeka ngengozi emva kokuchukumisa isanti yekati esulelekileyo, umzekelo.

Iikati zasekhaya ezizalelwe kuphela ngokutya kwaye zingaze zishiye indlu, zinomngcipheko omncinci kakhulu wokungcoliseka, xa kuthelekiswa nalabo abahlala esitalatweni kwaye batya yonke into abayifumanayo endleleni. Nangona kunjalo, nokuba ikati iphila njani, kubalulekile ukuba isiwe rhoqo kugqirha wezilwanyana ayokukhupha iintshulube.

Umngcipheko we-toxoplasmosis xa ukhulelwe

I-Toxoplasmosis ekukhulelweni inzima ngakumbi xa owasetyhini esosulelwe kwitrimester yesithathu yokukhulelwa, njengoko kukho ithuba elikhulu lokungcola komntwana, nangona kunjalo xa usulelo lwenzeka kwinyanga yokuqala yokukhulelwa, nangona mancinci amathuba okufikelela sana, xa kusenzeka oko kunokubangela umngcipheko omkhulu emntwaneni. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuba owasetyhini enze uvavanyo lokuchonga usuleleko sisidleleli kwaye, ukuba kukho imfuneko, aqalise unyango oluboniswe ngugqirha.

Umngcipheko we-toxoplasmosis uyahluka ngokweziqingatha zokukhulelwa ukuba usulelo lwenzeka, ngokubanzi:

• Ukuqhomfa okuzenzekelayo;
• Ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha;
• Iimpazamo kwimveku engekazalwa;
• Ubunzima obuphantsi ngexesha lokuzalwa;
• Ukufa xa kuzalwa.

Emva kokuzalwa, umngcipheko wosana oluzelwe nge-toxoplasmosis yokuzalwa yile:

• Utshintsho kubukhulu bentloko yomntwana;
• I-Strabismus, apho ilihlo elinye lingekho kwicala elifanelekileyo;
• Ukudumba kwamehlo, okunokuthi kuqhubekele ekubeni yimfama;
• I-jaundice enzulu, isikhumba esimthubi namehlo;
• Ukwandiswa kwesibindi;
• Ukukrala kwemiphunga;
• Anemia;
• Carditis;
• Ukuxhuzula;
• Ukungeva;
• Ukudodobala kwengqondo.

I-Toxoplasmosis ayinakufunyanwa xa kuzalwa, kwaye inokubonakalisa iinyanga okanye iminyaka emva kokuzalwa.

Kubalulekile ukuba owasetyhini alumke ngexa lokukhulelwa ukuthintela ungcoliseko kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wosana, kubalulekile ukunqanda ukusetyenziswa kwenyama eluhlaza okanye engaphekwanga kwaye uhlambe izandla zakho kakuhle, ukunqanda kungekuphela i-toxoplasmosis kodwa nezinye izifo ezinokuthi yenzeke. Jonga ezinye iingcebiso zokungafumani i-toxoplasmosis xa ukhulelwe.

Unyango kufuneka lube njani

Unyango lwe-toxoplasmosis xa ukhulelwe lwenziwa ngokusetyenziswa kwee-antibiotics ukunyanga umama kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wokudluliselwa kosana.

Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kunye nexesha lonyango luya kuxhomekeka kwinqanaba lokukhulelwa kunye namandla omzimba wakho. Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane anokusetyenziswa aquka iPyrimethamine, Sulfadiazine, Clindamycin kunye ne Spiramycin. Ukuba umntwana sele wosulelekile, unyango lwakhe lwenziwa nangezibulala-ntsholongwane kwaye kufuneka luqaliswe kwakamsinya emva kokuzalwa.

Ukuqonda ngcono ukuba lwenziwa njani unyango lwe-toxoplasmosis ngexesha lokukhulelwa.