Isifo samangcwaba: yintoni, iimpawu eziphambili kunye nonyango

Umxholo

• Iimpawu eziphambili
• Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa
• Unyango lwenziwa njani
• Unyango lokukhulelwa

Isifo se-Graves sisifo se-thyroid esibonakaliswe ngama-hormone angaphezu kwesi sifo emzimbeni, obangela i-hyperthyroidism. Sisifo esizenzekelayo, oko kuthetha ukuba amajoni omzimba omzimba aphela ehlasela idlala lengqula kunye nokutshintsha ukusebenza kwawo.

Esi sifo sesona sizathu siphambili se-hyperthyroidism, kwaye sichaphazela abantu basetyhini abaninzi kunamadoda, ikakhulu phakathi kweminyaka engama-20 ukuya kwengama-50 ubudala, nangona sinokubonakala nakweyiphi na iminyaka.

Isifo se-Graves siyanyangwa kwaye sinokulawulwa kakuhle ngokusebenzisa iziyobisi, unyango lwe-iodine radioactive okanye utyando lwe-thyroid. Ngokubanzi, akutshiwo ukuba likhona iyeza lokunyanga amangcwaba, nangona kunjalo, kunokwenzeka ukuba esi sifo siyakuxolelwa, sihlale "silele" iminyaka emininzi okanye ubomi bonke.

Iimpawu eziphambili

Iimpawu ezibonakaliswe kwisifo se-Graves zixhomekeke kubukrakra kunye nobude besifo, kwaye kubudala kunye nobuntununtunu besigulana ukugqitha kwehomoni, ihlala ibonakala:

• Hyperactivity, uvalo nokungakhathali;
• Ukushisa kakhulu kunye nokubila;
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo;
• Ukwehla kobunzima, nditsho nokutya okwandileyo;
• Urhudo;
• Umchamo ogqithisileyo;
• Ukuya exesheni ngokungaqhelekanga kunye nelahleko ye-libido;
• Ukududuzela, ngesikhumba esifumileyo nesifudumeleyo;
• I-Goiter, eyandisa i-thyroid, ebangela ukuvuvukala kumzantsi womqala;
• Buthathaka kwezihlunu;
• IGynecomastia, okukhula kwamabele emadodeni;
• Utshintsho emehlweni, njengamehlo aphumileyo, ukurhawuzelela, amehlo anamanzi kunye nokubona kabini;
• Izilonda ezinjenge-Pink plaque ezinje kwimimandla yomzimba, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-Graves 'dermopathy okanye i-prexibial myxedema.

Kubantu abakhulileyo, iimpawu kunye neempawu zinokubonakala ngokungacacanga, kwaye zinokubonakalisa ngokudinwa okugqithisileyo kunye nokwehla kobunzima, obunokudideka nezinye izifo.

Nangona isifo se-Graves sisona sizathu siphambili se-hyperthyroidism, kubalulekile ukuba wazi ukuba ukuveliswa kakhulu kwehomoni ye-thyroid kunokubangelwa zezinye iingxaki, ke jonga ukuba ungazibona njani iimpawu zehyperthyroidism kunye nezona zinto zibangela oko.

Indlela yokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa

Ukuchongwa kwesifo seMangcwaba kwenziwa ngokuvavanywa kweempawu ezinikiweyo, ukuvavanywa kwegazi ukulinganisa inani lamahomoni e-thyroid, anje nge-TSH kunye ne-T4, kunye novavanyo lwe-immunology, ukubona ukuba ngaba kukho izinto ezichasene negazi ngokuchasene nedlala lengqula.

Ukongeza, ugqirha unokuyalela iimvavanyo ezinje nge-thyroid scintigraphy, ikhompyuter ye-tomography okanye imaging resonance imaging, kubandakanya ukuvavanya ukusebenza kwamanye amalungu, anje ngamehlo nentliziyo. Nantsi indlela yokulungiselela i-scintigraphy ye-thyroid.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango lwezifo zeMangcwaba luboniswa yi-endocrinologist, ekhokelwa ngokwemeko yeklinikhi yomntu ngamnye. Inokwenziwa ngeendlela ezi-3:

1. Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ze-antithyroid, ezinje ngeMetimazole okanye iPropiltiouracil, eya kuthi inciphise imveliso yehomoni yedlala lengqula kunye nezibulala-buhlungu ezihlasela eli dlala;
2. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-ayodini ene-radioactive, ebangela ukutshatyalaliswa kweeseli ze-thyroid, ezigqiba ukunciphisa ukuveliswa kwehomoni;
3. Ugqirha, esusa inxenye yedlala lengqula ukunciphisa ukuveliswa kwayo kwehomoni, yenziwa kuphela kwizigulana ezinesifo esinganyangekiyo ngamachiza, abasetyhini abakhulelweyo, umhlaza orhanelwa kwaye xa idlala lengqula likhulu kakhulu kwaye lineempawu ezinje ngobunzima bokutya nokuthetha, umzekelo .

Amayeza alawula ukubetha kwentliziyo, njengePropranolol okanye iAtenolol kunokuba luncedo ukulawula ukubetha kwentliziyo, ukungcangcazela kunye ne-tachycardia.

Ukongeza, abaguli abaneempawu zamehlo eziqatha banokufuna ukusebenzisa amathontsi wamehlo kunye namafutha okuthambisa ukuthomalalisa ukungahambi kakuhle kunye nokuthambisa amehlo, kwaye kunyanzelekile ukuba bayeke ukutshaya kwaye banxibe iiglasi zokhuselo ecaleni.

Jonga ukuba ukutya kunganceda njani kule vidiyo ilandelayo:

Akusoloko kuthethwa ngokunyanga ukugula okunzulu, kodwa kunokubakho ukuxolelwa okuzenzekelayo kwesi sifo kwabanye abantu okanye emva kweenyanga ezimbalwa okanye iminyaka yonyango, kodwa kuhlala kukho ithuba lokuba esi sifo siza kubuya kwakhona.

Unyango lokukhulelwa

Ngexesha lokukhulelwa, esi sifo kufuneka sinyangwe ngeedosi ezisezantsi zamayeza kwaye, ukuba kunokwenzeka, kuyekwe ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi kwitrimester yokugqibela, kuba amanqanaba ezinto zomzimba athanda ukuphucula ukuphela kokukhulelwa.

Nangona kunjalo, ingqalelo ekhethekileyo iyafuneka kwesi sifo ngeli nqanaba lobomi kuba, xa kumanqanaba aphezulu, iihomoni ze-thyroid kunye namayeza ayakwazi ukuwela i-placenta kwaye abangele ityhefu kumntwana.